Inyama: inyama processing izakhiwo. Ukwakheka nezakhiwo inyama

Indima inyama ekudleni umuntu angeke overestimated. Ukwakheka Evumelanayo nangokulinganisela nezakhiwo inyama kusukela kudala wenza lo mkhiqizo esisemqoka yokudla komuntu.

Minerals ezitholakala inyama

Ukwakheka inyama zihlanganisa amaprotheni (amino acid lysine, leucine, valine, isoleucine, tryptophan, threonine, phenylalanine, methionine - 20%), lipids (ama-fatty acid - kuze kufinyelele ku-3%), amaminerali (amavithamini iqembu B, PP, E kanye K - 1%), ama-hormone (nitrogen ne-nitrogen-mahhala extractives - up 2%) kanye umswakama. Lo mkhiqizo - umphakeli main phosphorus liyisici esidingekayo lokwakha amathambo, kanye umzimba amaselula.

Asho ukuthini igama elithi "inyama" endaweni yokudla

Inyama kuyinto le micu imisipha ezicutshini ezungeze - amafutha, zezinzwa, uqwanga, nerve futhi bone negazi. Kwezinye izimo, lo okuthiwa offal - isibindi, inhliziyo, izinso, diaphragm, ubuchopho, uqwanga, inyama yezilwane nezilimi emphinjeni. Kwaselwandle nenhlanzi azisebenzi inyama.

Esikhathini umkhakha ukudla inyama evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu sezilwane ezifuyiwe ephakanyiswe ekuhlatshweni. Okuningi akuvamile, le sezibiliboco umkhiqizo esetshenziswa kwemisipha izicubu izilwane zasendle, izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezilwane eziphila ezweni. Lokubaluleke kakhulu izimfanelo kazwelonke kwabathengi ukutholakala umkhiqizo.

inyama Fresh, chilled futhi eqandisiwe

Kuye isimo ezishisayo we inyama eluhlaza sehlukaniswe fresh, chilled futhi eqandisiwe.

Pair lo mkhiqizo kubhekwa, uma esikhathini lokuhlaba kwakungelona amahora angaphezu kuka-6. Kuwusizo kakhulu ngokuya yamagciwane futhi ukunambitheka. Njengoba ngokudlulisa liwohloka ngokushesha, ibekwe ku esiqandisini futhi bavunyelwe ukuba kuphole lokushisa zemicu amathambo 0 ... 4 degrees Celsius. I selehlile, umkhiqizo avuthwa ngokugcwele yabekwa okokuqandisa okwalandela.

izakhiwo Culinary nezobuchwepheshe inyama kuyagcinwa uma ukuqanda defrosting kwenziwe ngendlela efanele. Ebandayo kufanele isheshe ukushaqeka mode futhi eneqhwa kancane, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi ngesivinini uma kuncibilika iqhwa.

Inyama division kuzigaba ezisuselwa isidumbu ngamanoni

Inyama yenkomo ku ngamanoni uhlukaniswe izigaba lokuqala nelesibili. Umjikelezo wokuqala liyakushunyayelwa umake isitembu, kwesibili - isikwele. Faka umbala inhlamba onsomi. inyama abasha ngaphezu kwalokho emakwe incwadi "M", okuyinto ibekwe kuya kwesokudla isigaba yokukhuluphala yomnqumo.

Ingulube inyama uhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu yokukhuluphala yomnqumo anamagama inhlamba onsomi:

- Fatty Ingulube :. Backfat ukujiya - 4 cm Isitembu isiyingi.

- ubhekeni yengulube: ukujiya backfat - 4.2 cm Isitembu isiyingi kanye incwadi "B" ..

- ingulube inyama :. Backfat ukujiya - 1.5-4 cm Isitembu sikwele.

- Ingulube - trimmings. Inhlamba kwesikwele.

Lapho Ukudideka Ukuhlolwa inyama eluhlaza nohlolwe iphunga, ukubukeka, umbala, ukungaguquguquki fat ongama, imisipha kanye nekhwalithi umhluzi, okwakubekelwa ashiselwe yokuhlola umkhiqizo.

Yini okufanele ibe izinga inyama chilled?

Izakhiwo inyama hhayi ngaphansi kwezinga-qhwa, lokhu okulandelayo:

- ayilutho pink noma Imicu yotshani okhanyayo obomvu;

- ukusika inyama kancane ezimanzi, kodwa hhayi okunamathelayo;

- ukungaguquguquki iqinile, nokunwebeka, by dint ngokucindezela umunwe angabekwa ngokushesha;

- inyama juice esobala;

- unuka elimnandi, efanelekayo kohlobo inikezwe;

- ingulube fat - omhlophe, yenkomo - ukukhanya yellow;

- okuphekiwe umhluzi ecacile, nge flavour emnandi futhi zizwakale kahle.

Quality inyama defrosted

I izakhiwo inyama, uye phansi okokuqandisa, kufanele kube:

- Imicu yotshani abomvu;

- Imicu yotshani nonelastic, ukungaguquguquki esithambile, nezakhamuzi ngokucindezela ngomunwe kungukuthi kuqondaniswe;

- umhluzi turbid, ukhiqiza eziningi esikalini, akukho iphunga ahlukile.

Inyama yezilwane amadala ngokungafani kuya abasha uba nombala omnyama, obukhulu, imisipha aminyene futhi kube lukhuni namafilimu.

offal

isisindo Specific wezingulube offal - 17%, izimvu - 20%, izinkomo - 24%.

Isigaba sokuqala umsoco zihlanganisa offal ezilandelayo: isibindi, ulimi, izinso, ingqondo nenhliziyo zonke izinhlobo izinkomo, umbele, diaphragm, yenkomo imisila futhi yemvu.

Eyesibili: inhloko ngaphandle ulimi, emaphashini, imilenze ephansi, izindebe, ubende, emphinjeni, nomphimbo, zonke izinhlobo izinkomo, amakhanda yezinqama izimvu ulimi nobuchopho, umsila namathumbu yengulube, inyama yangaphakathi, rennet, kaltyk, fetlock ngokuhlanganyela, izindlebe yenkomo kanye yengulube.

Izici ukupheka offal

Okukhulu kunakho ukubaluleka umthengi kukhona by-imikhiqizo esigabeni sokuqala:

- Isibindi - sibonga khona amanani amakhulu ngamavithamini A no-B, ama-hormone, i-calcium, lensimbi nelethusi. Lapho belungela ukuya khona ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini umkhiqizo ukudla imahhala we Amapayipi Bile, futhi yenkomo, ngaphezu, ususe tape. Isibindi isetshenziselwa ukupheka ophaya, stewing futhi ukuthosa.

- Izinso. Sinenkosi amafutha elimhlophe kanye nephunga ethize. Nge ifilimu izinso kususwe amanoni ofakwe amanzi eziningana amahora 4-5. umkhiqizo Soaked ugcwele amanzi ahlanzekile, alethwe ngamathumba futhi abilisiwe cishe imizuzu engu-5. Amanzi likhanyelwe futhi, sihlanzwe izinso, futhi sigcwale amanzi ahlanzekile futhi thumba kuze kuphekwe. izinso eliphekiwe isetshenziselwa ukuthosa, sautéing kanye nesobho.

- Umbele esetshenziselwa pie ukugcwaliswa. It is uthathe izingxenye eziningana, imikhumbi emikhulu ziyasuswa, wageza ngamanzi abandayo futhi idlule wringer kabili.

- Izilimi kahle wageza ibhulashi, kwesulwe ukungcola nenkani ngommese ngamathumba ngamanzi abandayo. Isikhumba lasuswa kusukela izilimi siphelile hot ngaphansi jet amanzi abandayo.

Ngu-imikhiqizo esigabeni sesibili - joint fetlock nezindlebe - singe umlilo ngokucophelela, esusa insila izinhlanga, scalded ngamanzi abilayo. Fetlock ngokuhlanganyela Chop ubude sanded phakathi izinselo. Lezi by-imikhiqizo asetshenziswa ukulungiselela jellies.

inyoni

Izinkukhu inyama - umkhiqizo ukudla okubalulekile. Siqukethe kalula digestible amaprotheni, ama-hormone, amafutha, amavithamini kanye nosawoti wamaminerali. Isilinganiso amaprotheni ephezulu elibanga lelitsite, nawo engaphelele esibonisa ukubaluleka begazi umkhiqizo, ezifana yenkukhu, kuyinto 13: 1. Okuqukethwe izakhi incike zinhlobo, ubudala, ubulili, zohlobo futhi ngamanoni. Izinkukhu aqukethe kufike ku-22%, goose kanye amadada - mayelana 18%, ama-turkey - kuze kufinyelele 24% of izakhi isisindo ingqikithi isidumbu. Inani fat amadada ifinyelela 50% isidumbu isisindo, goose - 38%.

izici ngokocansi nethonya elitheni endleleni izinkukhu inyama. I izakhiwo inyama yalezi zilwane ngenxa yobudala, okuyinto kunqunywa ukubukeka kwabo. Ngo kwabesilisa, lokhu sangaleso. Ngezinye munye cocks isifinyelele 2 cm ubude. Ngesikhathi sangaleso olunezinyanga eziyisithupha kuyinto protrusion encane. Esidala inkukhu imilenze embozwe indawo isikhumba olunzima. Ubudala yezikhukhukazi linqunywa ekupheleni ithambo keel. Ngo izilwane ezisencane kuba nokunwebeka, gristly, egoba kalula, elidala - kanzima, ossified.

Inyama Waterfowl amnyama ezingaphezu kuka inyama turkeys nezinkukhu. Ngo goose kanye amadada fibre umbala akuxhomekile indawo imisipha, futhi turkeys nezinkukhu umlenze imisipha umbala mnyama ngaphezu emaphikweni futhi amabele.

Fat - isici sesibili esiyisisekelo, lapho inyama yenkukhu kulinganiselwa. Properties of izinyoni fat inyama ezikhuluphalisiweyo ezibhekwa okungcono. Izinkukhu, amadada, goose, amakalikuni esigabeni uqale semali amafutha.

Amathiphu inyama processing

- inyoni ngaphambi ukupheka ukususa izimpaphe ngokweqile, ufulawa deda noma bran futhi okugazingiwe emlilweni, edonsa amaphiko kusuka emzimbeni nasemilenzeni. Iziphunzi asele ukuyikhipha nge udlawana.

- Ukuze ugcine inyama eside fresh aphume imbala, it is sehliselwe imizuzu 1-5 e anosawoti amanzi abilayo. Ngakho umkhiqizo iphathwa kungaba izinsuku eziningana agcinwe endaweni epholile, umoya, kude izimpukane.

- Inyama ingagcinwa ngaphandle esiqandisini izinsuku ezimbalwa uma wasisonga ngelineni elicolekile zihlaliswe kuviniga eqinile. Ngaphambi ukusetshenziswa, umkhiqizo kufanele wageza ngamanzi abandayo.

- In the engekho ngisho nesiqandisi ehlobo, lapho kushisa, inyama izohlala fresh izinsuku ezimbalwa, uma ukukuthinta ngayo fresh kalamula futhi uyigcine endaweni epholile umoya. kalamula okucasulayo izimpukane.

- Save inyama kungenziwa wasisonga iphepha greaseproof sabe useyili afuthwe ngesibulali isixazululo oqinile nosawoti. Kufanele kube ngendwangu emanzi ngezikhathi ukuyigcina ezomile.

- Uma yenkomo isilwane inyama ubudala ngaphambi ukupheka grate lwesinaphi nhlangothi zonke, kuyoba ithenda futhi ngokushesha iba ezithambile. Ngaphambi nje ukupheka kufanele siyakazwe ngamanzi abandayo.

- yenkomo Ngesandla Esiqinile ngeke ukupheka ngokushesha uma ukuyomdikibalisa udla ngesando. Amanzi lapho ukwenziwa, kubalulekile ukuba uthele 2-3 tbsp. uviniga.

- Lapho ngokubeka inyama kuhhavini ke wafutha amanzi ashisayo noma umhluzi. Kusukela amanzi abandayo, kuyoba ezinzima.

- Ukuze inyama wawusomile kakhulu kuhhavini, lapho kuyalungiswa, ubeke isitsha amanzi. Ehwamukile, kuvimbela umkhiqizo omiswe.

- Uma inyama iphekwe kokuba iphunga othize rumen isb, ayifake amanzi namalahle (2-3 izicucu). Yena zidla iphunga.

- Isibindi lizwakale kangcono uma ofakwe ngaphambi ukupheka ke ngobisi amahora 2-3.

- Fresh isibindi eluhlaza uma ekuwulungiseleleni kufanele zihlehlise isikhashana, ugcine kusuka iphele ukuphuma, ezingenamvubelo ezigcotshwe ngamafutha.

- ayi futhi ayi ngokuvamile angena amanzi abilayo. Abakwazi ukupheka nhlobo, gazinga noma isisi kahle endaweni okugeza amanzi.