Inhlolovo: incazelo, izizathu, imigomo, izinhloso, inqubo. Hlola lokhu ...

Ngesikhathi uphenyo, ezimweni eziningi, kunesidingo sokuhlolwa. Kungenziwa ngokumelene nesisulu, umsolwa, umsolwa nabanye abantu.

Inhlolovo: Incazelo

Inqubo isebenza njengesenzo sokuzimela esizimele . Ucwaningo - ukuhlolwa komzimba womuntu ophilayo, kanye nezingubo zakhe. Le nqubo yenziwa lapho uphenyo lungadingeki ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-forensic. Izincwadi ze-forensic zinikeza incazelo ephelele kakhulu yalo mqondo. Ucwaningo luyinkimbinkimbi yemisebenzi yokuqonda nokuqonda okuqhutshwa ngumphenyi noma omunye umuntu esikhundleni sakhe.

Isici

Izinhloso zalolu cwaningo zizokhomba emzimbeni wemiphumela yobugebengu, izimpawu ezikhethekile, ukulimala. Inqubo yenzelwa ukucacisa izinga lokudakwa, ukukhomba ezinye izimpawu nezakhiwo ezihambisana nophenyo. Njengoba isisekelo senhlolovo yisinqumo somuntu ogunyaziwe oqhuba uphenyo. Kwezinye izimo, ingubo yokugqoka ingahlolwa, uma ngaphandle kwayo akunakwenzeka ukusungula umsuka wamathrekhi emzimbeni.

Izinhloso zocwaningo

Inqubo ikuvumela ukuba ubone:

1. Izimpawu ezisetshenziselwa ukukhomba ubunikazi (izithombe, izibazi, izikhumbuzo zokuzalwa, njll).
2. Ukulimala (izivunguvungu, ukulunywa, ukukhwabanisa, amanxeba, njll).
3. Izingxenye zezinto.
4. Ukuxhumana kokulimala emzimbeni kuya emathrekhi ezembatho.
5. Isimo sokudakwa.
6. Ezinye izimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu kulokho okuphenywe.

Ukulungiselela

Naphezu kokuthi inhlolovo yinkambiso ephuthumayo, kubalulekile ukuyihlela kahle. Ukulungiselela ukuhlolwa kunciphise:

1. Ukukhetha indawo, isikhathi nabahlanganyeli enqubo.
2. Ukulungiselela izindlela zobuchwepheshe.
3. Ukufundisa kwabahlanganyeli.

Njengezinye izenzo zokuphenya, ukuhlolwa kungenziwa ehhovisi lomphenyi. Uma usizo lwabachwepheshe luyadingeka, ukusebenzisa amadivaysi ezobuchwepheshe, izinto, imishini, inqubo eyenziwa ebhokisatri nakwezinye izindawo.

Abahlanganyeli

Njengomthetho, inqubo yenziwa ngumphenyi ngokwakhe. Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi uhilele udokotela noma omunye ochwepheshe. Ngokusho kwe-CPC, uma lolu cwaningo luhilela ukuveza umuntu obhekene nomphenyi wezocansi, khona-ke kwenziwa kuphela udokotela. Inqubo ingabandakanya ososayensi bezobunhloli. Isibonelo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kutholakale futhi kulungiswe emzimbeni wemikhawulo engabonakali noma engabonakali. Isazi samakhemikhali singabamba iqhaza kwinqubo. Uthola amathrekhi kagesi namafutha ekuphenyweni kwamacala e-arsons, njll. Abahlanganyeli babhekwa njengabahlanganyeli bokuzikhethela ezenzweni zokuphenya. Ngokusho kuka-Art. I-170 ye-Code of Procedure Criminal, isinqumo sokubayisa enkantolo sithathwe ngumuntu ogunyaziwe ngesicelo samalungu ezobugebengu noma ngesenzo sakhe. Ukuhlolwa kofakazi, imvume yabo iyadingeka, ngaphandle uma lokhu kudingekile ukuhlola ubufakazi babo.

Izindlela zobuchwepheshe

Ochwepheshe bangasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene, imishini, ukwenza ucwaningo. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ikhwalithi yesifundo. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet emzimbeni womuntu, ungathola imidwebo yesidoda noma igazi. Ukuthola amathrekhi e-soot, soot, metal, converter electro-optical asetshenziswa. Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa kuphela lezo zindlela zobuchwepheshe ezingenzi imbangela engathandekayo noma ebuhlungu, ukulimala esikhumbeni. Kuvinjelwe ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali amakhemikhali angabangela ukushisa. Izenzo ezenziwe ngumchwepheshe noma umphenyi akufanele zihlaziye isithunzi nenhlonipho yesakhamuzi, futhi zenze kube yingozi empilweni yakhe noma empilweni yakhe.

Imithetho ejwayelekile

Inqubo iqala ngokuhlonza isakhamuzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, isinqumo esimemezelo senziwa. Le dokhumenti ibophezela ukuthi umuntu uhlolwe. Le ndaba ichazwa ngenqubo yokwenza ucwaningo, imisebenzi yakhe namalungelo akhe. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola, ukulandelana kwezinyathelo kufanele kubonwe. Ngokuhambisana nemithetho ejwayelekile, okokuqala, ukuhlolwa komzimba jikelele kuqhutshwa. Emva kwalokhu, izingxenye zalo zihlolwa kusukela phezulu phezulu: kusukela ekhanda, entanyeni, emahlombe, esifubeni, emuva, esiswini, izibeletho, izinyawo, imilenze. Ukuqaphela ikakhulukazi kukhokhwa kulezo zindawo lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthola amathrekhi agqanyelwe umcimbi, noma izimpawu ezikhethekile. Ukucwaninga kufanele kwenziwe ngenhloso, ngokuhambisana nenqubo nohlobo lobugebengu olwenziwe. Ngakho-ke, ekuphenyweni kwezibhamu, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ama-microparticles avela endaweni: ukungcola, uthuli. Amabala avela kubo angase abe esikhumbeni, izinhlayiya zezinto zingase zibe khona ezindlebeni, ezinwele, ekhaleni. Uma ubugebengu bwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwezibhamu, izibhamu neminwe zihlolwa. Kulezi zindawo, kungase kube nemikhakha ye-grease, i-soot, njll. Njengezibonakaliso ezihlukile zobugebengu kukhona ukulimala okuhlukahlukene komzimba, amabala, amanxeba, ama-abrasions, izibhamu. Uma ngabe ukulandelana okunjalo kutholakala, indawo, ukuma, umbala, ubuningi kuchazwa.

Izici zenkambiso ngokuhambisana nophenyo lokwehlulela

Izizathu eziyinhloko zalolu cwaningo yilona:

• Izimpendulo zabahlanganyeli ezinkambisweni mayelana nokungalungi noma ukungapheleli kwezenzo zokuphenya ezenziwe ngaphambilini.
• Ukukhohlisa kwenqubo yokuhlola noma inqubo ngokwayo.
• Ukuqoqwa kobufakazi obusha kuleso cala, njll.

Kuzakhamuzi ezingazange zenze izenzo lapho izibonakaliso zokungaziphathi kahle kokuphatha noma icala lobugebengu zikhona, ukuhlolwa kusetshenziswe kuphela njengesilinganiso sokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Njengenye yezinhlobonhlobo zayo ukuhlolwa kwengqondo. Le nqubo ingaba:

1. Okuzithandela. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa noma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kwesakhamuzi ngokuvakashela kwakhe udokotela.
2. Kudingeka. Le nqubo yenqubo isungulwe izinhlangano ezifisa ukusebenzisa noma yiliphi lamalungelo abo. Uma kunqatshelwe ukuhlolwa, umuntu akakwazi ukusebenzisa leli thuba noma lelo thuba elingokomthetho.
3. Kuphoqelelwe. Ukuhlolwa okungenasisekelo kwenziwa ngezinhloso ezinikezwe ku-Art. 23, ingxenye 4 yomthetho "On Care Psychiatric". Ukuyisebenzisa, imvume yomuntu akudingeki.

Ukulungisa inqubo

Ikhodi yeNqubo YokuLawulwa Kwebugebengu ichaza ukulungiswa kombiko wokuhlola. Kubonisa inqubo nemiphumela yokuhlolwa. Uma inqubo eyenziwa ngokuphathelene nesakhamuzi esithintekayo ngokobulili ehlukile kowomphenyi, lesi sigaba asikho kulo mcimbi. I-protocol kuleli cala ihlanganiswa namagama kadokotela owaqhuba lo mbuzo. Idokhumenti kumele ibe nokufaka okuhambisanayo okusho ukuthi umphenyi wayengekho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa futhi ulwazi lithathwe engxoxweni nodokotela. Le protocol ingabandakanya izincazelo ezingenasici zokugqoka, uma zithola izimpawu ezihambelana nemvelo kanye nokwakhiwa kwendawo ngokulimala komzimba. Ngaphezu kokungena ngemvume, kuphakanyiswa ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokulungisa. Kodwa-ke, leli thuba lizoxhomekeka kunhlangano ebhekwe kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, ukuqopha kwevidiyo, izithombe zesakhamuzi, uma ukuhlolwa kuhambisana nokuchayeka, kuvunyelwe kuphela ngemvume yomuntu. Lezi zenzo zenziwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho yezigebengu. Ngokuyinhloko, izithombe zenziwa ngezinga lesilinganiso. Okokuqala, ukungcola noma ukulimala kubhalwe ezindaweni ezingahlanganiswa nezingubo. Khona-ke ezinye izindawo zitholwa ngemuva kokuthi umzimba uvezwe. Ukulungiswa, kuhle ukuwasebenzisa ngesikhathi sokuhlola kwesifunda. Bazokwenza umsebenzi wokubonakala, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izithakazelo zomuntu ngamunye ngale ndaba, ngokuphathelene nokubonakaliswa komzimba we-naked. Ukwaziswa okukhulunywe ngabahlanganyeli bezocwaninga futhi unomlingiswa wobufakazi alulotshiwe kumbiko wocwaningo. Kodwa-ke, izitatimende zezinhlangano eziphathelene nezindaba zenkambiso, ukuphawula okuphelele kokungeniswa kubonakala kulo mbhalo.

Isiphetho

Ngakho-ke, lolu cwaningo lusebenza njengesenzo esihlukile sokuphenya. Kubhekwa njengokuphuthumayo futhi kuqhutshwa kuphela kulezo zinkathi uma ubuchwepheshe bengadingeki. Ukuhlolwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lophenyo lwezomthetho kungenziwa ngokuphathelene nalabo abaye bahlolwa kakade nalabo abangazange balandele. Ukuqokwa komcimbi kubhalwe umbiko womphenyi noma isinqumo senkantolo. Naphezu kokulingana okuncane kwezenzo ngaphakathi kokuhlolwa, isazi noma isikhulu sidingeka ukuba sihambisane nokulandelana kwazo okusungulwe. Uma kunesinqumo, inhlolovo iyindlela yokuphoqeleka yendaba. Uma umuntu enqaba ukuhlolwa, isenzo sikhethwe ngokuphoqeleka. Njengomthetho, isimo esinjalo senzeke ekuqokweni kokuhlolwa kwengqondo. Kungenziwa ngohlaka lwezinqubo zomthetho zomphakathi nezomthetho. Uma inqubo idinga ulwazi olukhethekile kunoma iyiphi insimu noma ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zobuchwepheshe, ochwepheshe abafanele bangabandakanyeka ekusebenzeni kwayo. Imiphumela yocwaningo ihlelwe ku-protocol futhi ifakwe ezintweni zokwenza izinto.