Inhlokodolobha ezimakethe zomhlaba jikelele

Imali dolobha - imali ukuthi ingaba njengesihluthulelo isici zokukhiqiza kanye izindlela ukuze athole inzuzo. osomabhizinisi Domestic ngokuvamile bazithola esimweni yokuntula dolobha emizweni. Leli qiniso lingasiza ukukhonza njengomdala isithiyo ukusebenza kwawo ngempumelelo nokuthuthukiswa olwengeziwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ezinye abahlanganyeli ubudlelwane kwezomnotho zimi imithombo yemali etholakalayo okwesikhashana ngesimo ukulondoloza. Abanikazi lezi zimali nethuba isikhashana ukuze uthumele kubo ukusebenzisa omunye obambe iqhaza of ubudlelwano kwezomnotho. Uhlangothi lwesibili ungenza inzuzo nabo, besebenzisa njengoba investimenti. Nokho, it has kwabanye inkathi yokuntuleka zezimali ngendlela efanele izimali ngoba ukukhula ehlosiwe esikhathini esiseduze. Yilokho kanye uvele emakethe dolobha, okuyizinto ithuluzi imali ikhishelwe amabhizinisi amaningi kwezomnotho isikhathi esithile ngenkokhelo futhi kuncike ukubuyiswa kwemali. Kulokhu, inhlangano inikeza izimali zawo njengoba loan, uthola iholo abanye njengoba amaphesenti ngokusebenzisa kwawo umboleki.

inhlokodolobha eziphethe imakethe yomhlaba wonke has izinhlobo ezimbili izakhiwo: tekusebenta izikhungo. Kulokhu, isakhiwo sesibili yisona esikhulunywa abantu abaningi futhi kuhlanganisa e ubulungu bayo le izikhungo ezisemthethweni (Central Bank of the Russian Federation, zezimali ngamazwe zokuthenga ngesikweletu), ezezimali ezizimele (ngamabhange, zempesheni zabantu kanye nezimali izinkampani zomshuwalense), kanye nezinye amafemu kanye Ukuhwebelana. I iqhaza elihamba phambili kuleli qembu izinhlangano eyabelwe amabhange bomhlaba wonke futhi corporations.

Yamazwe ngamazwe capital emakethe kuye isikhathi ukunyakaza kwakhe uhlukaniswe imikhakha ezintathu: eurocredits emakethe, imali emakethe esithinta umhlaba wonke futhi emakethe yezimali. Ngakho, i-global ezimakethe zezimali izinsiza kusekelwe ukuhlinzeka eurocredits isikhathi esifushane (enyakeni owodwa). inhlokodolobha izimakethe isikhathi eside sibhekana nezinguquko ezithile ngokuya nekwandzisa umtsamo imisebenzi ngayo 70-yalolucwaningo ka XX leminyaka. Lokhu kungenxa intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe. Lokhu ngokuvamile okubizwa ngokuthi konsortsionalnyh capital emakethe endaweni noma ukubolekisa yedlanzana, kusukela lawa ubudlelwano zezimali kukhona ýkhasýmende Consortia noma emtsetfweni.

Eziphethe imakethe yomhlaba wonke capital kusekelwe sinikeziwe izibopho, futhi ekuqaleni lasungulwa ena 60 ngonyaka th kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Kuyinto kusukela ukubonakala kwakhe laqala ukusebenzela emakethe parallel bendabuko imalimboleko angaphandle kanye emakethe Euroloan. Kakade 90 zokuqala kwaba ku Euroloan akhawunti cishe u-80% bonke loan izinsiza ngamazwe. I uthe imali emakethe dolobha isici esiyinhloko - futhi abakweletwayo nababakweletayo isetshenziselwa izimali zakwamanye amazwe imali ebolekiswayo. Omunye umehluko kulo mkhakha ubudlelwane zezimali inkinga ka-non-izakhamuzi loans bendabuko angaphandle ngaphakathi ezweni elifanayo, futhi ukubekwa Euroloan kwenziwe izimakethe emazweni ahlukahlukene.