EAEC - kuyini? Eurasia Economic Union: emazweni

Phakathi ngobukhulu yesimanje inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe - the Eurasia Economic Union. Ngokusemthethweni, kwase kunesiqiniseko ngo-2014, kodwa ngesikhathi ukusayina isivumelwano kwalophiko isimo-kubahlanganyeli EAEC kakade zazinolwazi abalulekile yokusebenzisana imodi asebenzayo of ukuhlanganiswa komnotho. Uyini ngokucacile we EAEC? Kuyini - inyunyana kwezomnotho noma zezombangazwe?

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana inhlangano

Sizoqala Ukutadisha umbuzo owabuzwa kokucabangela amaqiniso ayisihluthulelo mayelana inhlangano ethintekayo. Yiziphi ulwazi enhle kakhulu mayelana EAEC? Kuyini lolu gange na?

Eurasia Economic Union, noma EAEC, - inhlangano in the nokubambisana kukazwelonke kwezomnotho ithi eziningana esifundeni Eurasia - eRussia, eKazakhstan, eKyrgyzstan, Belarus ne-Armenia. Kulindelwe ukuthi angene inhlangano kwamanye amazwe, kanye Eurasia Economic Community (EAEC) - isakhiwo evulekile. Into esemqoka ukuthi ukhetho zobulungu inhlangano wabelane imigomo yenhlangano kanye wabonisa ukuthi afeze izibopho ngaphansi izivumelwano ezifanele. Ukudalwa izakhiwo kwandulelwe ukuhlonywa kwe-Eurasia Economic Community kanye Customs Union (okuyinto liqhubeka ukusebenza njengoba omunye takhiwo EAEC).

Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba abanye abantu babhekwe njengabezinye ukwakheka EAEC

Njengoba kufakazelwa imithombo eminingana, isimo, owokuqala ukuqalisa inqubo ukuhlanganiswa kwezomnotho esikhaleni post-Soviet, okuyinto lakhula laba isikhungo EAEC - Kazakhstan. Nursultan Nazarbayev waveza umqondo eqondene kwi inkulumo eMoscow State University ngo-1994. Ngemva kwalokho, umqondo sasekelwa nezinye amazwe ayengaphansi kweSoviet - Russia, Belarus, Armenia futhi Kyrgyzstan.

Inzuzo enkulu isimo nokuba ingxenye Eurasia Economic Union - inkululeko yomsebenzi wezomnotho bhalisiwe izinhlangano zawo ensimini ka wonke amazwe ilungu Union. Kulindeleke maduzane ngesisekelo kumiswa izikhungo EAEC isikhala esisodwa okudayisa, esibonakala by amazinga ajwayelekile kanye nezinkambiso zokwenza ibhizinisi.

Ingabe ikhona indawo nokubambisana zezombusazwe?

Ngakho EAEC - okungukuthi, kuphela isakhiwo kwezomnotho, noma inhlangano ukuba libhekene ingxenye zezombusazwe lokuhlanganisa? Kuleli qophelo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, njengoba kufakazelwa kwimithombo ehlukahlukene, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuxoxa le incazelo yokuqala ubunjalo inhlangano. Lokho kuyisici zezombusazwe - ayifakiwe. Amazwe luzohlanganiswa ekuphishekeleni izithakazelo kwezomnotho.

Kukhona idatha imizamo maqondana nokusungulwa kwezikhungo ezinye izakhiwo ePhalamende supranational ngaphakathi EAEC. Kodwa Republic of Belarus, Kazakhstan, njengoba kufakazelwa imithombo eminingana, hhayi ucabangela ukuthi kungenzeka indlela labahlanganyela ngayo isakhiwo efanele ukuxhumana zezombusazwe. Amazwe abafisa silondoloze ubukhosi egcwele, uvumela kuphela ukuhlanganiswa kwezomnotho.

Nokho, ochwepheshe abaningi nabantu abavamile kusobala ukuthi usondele kangakanani nobudlelwane zezombusazwe phakathi amazwe EAEC. kwakhiwa Ukwakheka lesi sakhiwo is umbimbi abaseduze ukuthi akudingeki waluveta ukungavumelani eliyisisekelo mayelana nesimo esinzima ephasini mazombe. Lokhu kuvumela abanye abahlaziyi sifinyelela iziphetho mayelana nokuhlanganiswa komnotho ngo kohlaka lokhu inhlangano kungaba nzima kakhulu ukungaboni ngaso linye okukhulu zezombusazwe lamazwe iqhaza izinhlangano.

Umlando EAEC

Ukuze uqonde kangcono imininingwane yalolu EAEC (luhlobo luni lwenhlangano) kuyosisiza ukufunda amaqiniso athile kusuka emlandweni inhlangano. Ngo-1995, izinhloko emazweni amaningana - Belarus, eRussia, eKazakhstan, futhi kamuva - Kyrgyzstan futhi Tajikistan isayine isivumelwano liqine Customs Union. Isekelwe phezu kwabo, eYurophu nase-Asia Economic Community, noma EurAsEC yasungulwa ngo-2000. Ngo-2010, inhlangano entsha - Customs Union. Ngo-2012 wavula isikhala esisodwa kwezomnotho - lokuqala nalo iqhaza angamalungu e-Customs Union, bese - isakhiwo bajoyinwa Armenia futhi Kyrgyzstan.

Ngo-2014, eRussia, eKazakhstan kanye Belarus yasayina isivumelwano ku ukusungulwa the EAEC. Kamuva wayehlezi bajoyine Armenia futhi Kyrgyzstan. Izinhlinzeko ithuluzi angene imhlwithe 2015. EAEC Customs Union uyaqhubeka, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, ukusebenza. Lihlanganisa amazwe efanayo EAEC.

intuthuko eqhubekayo

Ngakho, States Asayinde EAEC - Belarus, eKazakhstan, eRussia, e-Armenia, Kyrgyzstan - waqala ukuhlanganyela isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba inhlangano okuhambisanayo yasungulwa njengoba injalo manje. Ngokusho abanye abahlaziyi, le Eurasia Economic Union - isibonelo inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe nge okuqhubekayo, ukuthuthukiswa esihleliwe ukuhlanganiswa izinqubo ezingase ichaze ukuzinza lobuKhristu isakhiwo okuhambisanayo.

Izigaba yentuthuko EAEC

Defined izigaba eziningana yentuthuko Eurasia Economic Union. Eyokuqala - kusungulwe zone khulula ukuhweba, ukuthuthukiswa kwamazinga lapho ukudayisa phakathi aMalunga eMibuso EAEC kungaba kwenziwe ngaphandle izimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo ngasinye igcina ukuzimela kwe-aspect zokwenza ibhizinisi ne emazweni wesithathu.

Isigaba esilandelayo sokuthuthuka we EAEC - ukwakheka Customs Union, ezihilela kumiswa isikhala kwezomnotho lapho oyokwenziwa ukunyakaza ngaphandle kwezithikamezo kwezimpahla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele futhi ukukhomba ezehlela bonke emazweni iqhaza imithetho inyunyana.

Yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni Union - ekwakhekeni zithenga ngamanani. Kulindeleke ukuthi kuzodala isikhala komnotho ofuna exchange khulula kwezimpahla nje kuphela kodwa futhi imisebenzi, imali kanye nokuphathwa kwabasebenzi - phakathi amalungu inhlangano.

Esigabeni esilandelayo - kumiswa inyunyana kwezomnotho, elimalungu alo uzokwazi sigqugquzele ukufaka ekusebenzeni eziseqhulwini lezomnotho bodwa.

Ngemva izinkinga ngenhla ixazululwe, sizokwenza kufezwe ubumbano egcwele kwezomnotho kwamazwe e inyunyana. Lokhu kuhilela ukudalwa isakhiwo supranational okuzokwenza ukunquma izinto ezibalulekile ekwakheni inqubomgomo yezomnotho kanye neyenhlalo yomphakathi kuwo wonke amazwe-Union.

Izinzuzo EAEC

Ake sicabangele izinzuzo ezingukhiye ezicela ukuba amalungu EAEC. Ngenhla sibonile ukuthi phakathi ukhiye - nenkululeko ezomnotho nezinhlangano ibhizinisi ukuthi zibhaliswe iyiphi State of the Union insimu yonke le EAEC. Kodwa lokhu akulona inzuzo kuphela entry isimo kule nhlangano kophenyo yithi.

amalungu EAEC uzokwazi:

- ukusizakala amanani aphansi yezimpahla abaningi, kanye ukunciphisa izindleko ezihlobene ukuthuthwa kwezimpahla;

- ngamandla ukuthuthukisa izimakethe ukuncintisana okuthuthukayo;

- ukwanda umkhiqizo;

- ukwandisa umthamo umnotho ngenxa ukwanda ukufunwa etimbonini;

- ukuqinisekisa ekuqashweni kwabantu.

amathemba nokukhula kwe-GDP

Ngisho ngoba onjalo abadlali enamandla kwezomnotho ezifana Russia, EAEC - isici esiyinhloko sokukhula komnotho. GDP waseRussia, ngokusho kwabanye osomnotho, mhlawumbe ngenxa eqale wezwe Association kubhekwe, ukuthola isisusa esinamandla kakhulu ekukhuleni. Umxhwele ukwanda ukusebenza kwe-GDP akwazi ukuxoxa kwamanye amazwe iqhaza EAEC - Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, eBelarus.

Isici social ukuhlanganiswa

Ngaphandle umphumela omuhle kwezomnotho we EAEC oyilungu kulindeleke ukuba kuhlanganiswe futhi-aspect nomphakathi. imisebenzi yebhizinisi International, njengoba ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa uyothuthukisa ukusungulwa kokusebenzisana, ukhuthaze ukwabelana ngelwazi lamasiko, ukuqinisa ubungane izizwe. Ukuhlanganisa izinqubo lula esidlule ovamile Soviet, abantu abahlala emazweni Eurasia Economic Union. Obvious kwamasiko futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, - ukusondela kwezilimi uthi EAEC. Ukwakheka ifomu inhlangano yezwe lapho isiRashiya kuba ezijwayele iningi labantu. Ngakho, ezicini eziningi kungaba nomthelela isixazululo ngempumelelo nezinkinga ezibhekene izinhloko angamalungu e-Eurasia Economic Union.

izakhiwo supranational

Kulaba EAEC iSivumelwano sasayinwa, icala kusebenta kwaso. Phakathi imisebenzi ebaluleke kunazo zonke kohlaka Eurasia Economic Union - ukudalwa eziningi izikhungo supranational, ogama imisebenzi kuhloswe ngazo lula ukuhlanganiswa izinqubo zezomnotho. Ngokuhambisana eziningi emithonjeni yomphakathi, kulindelekile kumiswa ezinye izikhungo eziyisisekelo EAEC. Yini lokhu kungase kube isakhiwo?

Okokuqala, kubalulekile wemisebenzi ahlukahlukene:

- emnothweni;

- I-izinto zokusetshenziswa (kuyothiwa wahlanganyela intengo entengo kanye quota izimpahla nophethiloli, kuhlelembisa inqubomgomo ekushushumbiseni izinsimbi eziyigugu);

- kwi izinhlangano kwemibuso zezimali kanye ezimbonini kanye labasemkhatsini nalabakhulu;

- nokuthuma iyunithi yezimali ze zokuhlala;

- ezindabeni zemvelo.

Iphinde eqala Ukudalwa Ikota okuyinto ophethe - nobambiswano ezinhlakeni ezahlukene: emnothweni, ukuthuthukiswa isayensi nobuchwepheshe. Kulindeleke ukuthi le nhlangano izogxila izimali izifundo ezihlukahlukene ukusiza abahlanganyeli nobambiswano ezibanzi nezindaba - zomthetho, zezimali, noma, isibonelo, kwemvelo.

Okunye isakhiwo ezibalulekile supranational we EAEC, ehlelelwe umhla ukudala - ebhange ngamazwe utshalomali, kanye ukulamula umbango we-Eurasia Economic Union.

Phakathi izinhlangano iqinisekise ngempumelelo kwenyunyana isakhiwo ukuphathwa we EAEC - I-Eurasia Economic Commission. Masitadishe izimfanelo imisebenzi yayo ngokuningiliziwe.

I-Eurasia Economic Commission

Kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi ECE wadalwa 2011, ukuthi namanje ngaphambi Isivumelwano esasayinwa ku ukusungulwa the EAEC. Yaqala eRussia, eKazakhstan kanye Belarus. Ekuqaleni inhlangano yadalwa ukuphatha izinqubo ezingeni isakhiwo ezifana Customs Union. EAEC - isakhiwo, ukuthuthukiswa lapho Commission ehlose kube abathintekayo ngqo namuhla.

I ECE Imikhandlu osungulwe futhi amabhodi. Njengengxenye isakhiwo yokuqala kufanele ibe amakhanda abe yiphini Uhulumeni wase-United States Amaphathi. Ibhodi kufanele asebenze abantu abathathu kusukela aMalunga eMibuso EAEC. Ngaphakathi Commission banephupho ukudalwa neminyango ehlukene.

I-Eurasia Economic Commission - ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa hhayi supranational ukulawula ezibaluleke kakhulu EAEC. It is subordinated kuMninimandla Eurasia Economic Council. Bheka amaqiniso ayisihluthulelo ngaye.

Ephakeme Eurasia Economic Council

Lesi sakhiwo, kanye Eurasia Economic Commission yasungulwa eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi ukusayinwa kwesivumelwano ku ukusungulwa the uthi EAEC. Ngakho, isikhathi eside lalibhekwa umzimba supranational e isakhiwo se-Customs Union futhi Common Economic Space. Council yakha amakhanda oyilungu EAEC. Njalo, hhayi ngaphansi kuka 1 isikhathi ngonyaka, kufanele eqoqwe ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Tinhloko Uhulumeni lwelungu amazwe yokuzihlanganisa kumele ihlangabezane okungenani izikhathi 2 ngonyaka. I engavamile ukusebenza Council - izinqumo zithathwa ukuvumelana format. Izinhlinzeko evunyiwe iyawabopha emazweni iqhaza EAEC.

amathemba EAEC

Indlela ukuhlola amathemba we EAEC abahlaziyi? Ngenhla sibonile ukuthi ezinye izazi zikholelwa ukuthi kanye nekuhlanganiswa kwemnotfo unavoidably zezombusazwe rapprochement inhlangano States Amaphathi. Kukhona Ochwepheshe ababa le umbono. Abanye ochwepheshe bengavumelani nawo ke. I-agumenti oyinhloko labo abahlaziyi ababona amathemba we politicization we EAEC - iRussia, njengoba ehamba phambili umdlali kwezomnotho inhlangano ngandlela-thile kuyokwenza bathonye izinqumo ezenziwe iziphathimandla States Amaphathi EAEC izixazululo. Abaphikisi lo mbono bakholelwa ukuthi okuphambene, hhayi izithakazelo Russian Federation ukubonisa isithakazelo ngokweqile kule politicization we izinhlangano ezifanele zamazwe ngamazwe.

Ngokweyame ezinhlinzekweni ibhalansi phakathi ingxenye kwezomnotho nezombusazwe imibono EAEC Union, ngesisekelo iqoqo izinkomba inhloso, balinganisela abahlaziyi abaningi njengoba omuhle kakhulu. Ngakho, i-GDP isamba angamalungu e-isakhiwo kubhekwe ifaniswe nezinga ehola iminotho emhlabeni. Ikhumbula ezingaba yesayensi kanye resource imiqulu EAEC amasistimu nomnotho emazweni ilungu Union angase akhule kakhulu esikhathini esizayo.

nokubambisana ezingeni global

Ngokusho abanye abahlaziyi, amathemba ngokubambisana neNhlangano ezikhangayo EAEC emazweni ukuthi ezibonakala zisekude isikhala kwezomnotho ezakhiwe amazwe eziye yasayina isivumelwano phezu EAEC - eRussia, eKazakhstan, eKyrgyzstan, Belarus ne-Armenia. Ngokwesibonelo, muva nje esivumelwaneni ukuhweba khulula ne EAEC ngemvume Vietnam.

Bonisa isithakazelo Syria, Egypt nokubambisana. Lokhu kukunika abahlaziyi isizathu ukusho ukuthi Eurasia Economic Union bangaba umdlali onamandla ezimakethe zomhlaba.