Inhloko-dolobha ye-Sakhalin esifundeni: ulwazi olujwayelekile, umlando kanye namaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Ingxenye eziyingqayizivele Russia, kuba indawo esempumalanga - Sakhalin esifundeni. Enhloko-dolobha, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk edolobheni, esisogwini isiqhingi esikhulu kunazo zonke endaweni futhi akhiwe kude kusukela eMoscow 6660 km. Sizilungiselele ukutshela mayelana izici of esifundeni nenhloko-dolobha yalo, mayelana nendlela yokuphila lapho.

isikhundla ezindawo

Sakhalin esifundeni, isimo sendawo lapho uhlukile - esifundeni kuphela Russian elise ngokuphelele eziqhingini. Siqukethe esiqhingini Sakhalin, Kuriles emikhulu emibili, ziqhingi Seal Moneron. Isifunda imingcele ne eKhabarovsk futhi eKamchatka Krai, kanye Japan. Shore iziqhingi ndawo wageza ngu elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, uLwandle Okhotsk futhi Sea of Japan. Le ndawo ingqikithi esifundeni 87 ayizinkulungwane sikwele. km. Lezi ziqhingi, ezisabalele endaweni imvelaphi intabamlilo-zomhlaba ngakho ezimazombezombe kakhulu. Cishe zonke iziqhingi ogwini olunamadwala, emaweni, kuphela amatheku ambalwa abe ongaphakeme, ngomusa ezitshekile behlele emanzini. Ngo esifundeni kukhona umsebenzi okusezingeni eliphezulu zokuzamazama komhlaba, ngakho-ke, impumuzo kanye wabuka iziqhingi uqhubeke ukushintsha. Ubunjalo Sakhalin esifundeni egxeka, kodwa ahlukahlukene. Kunemifula eziningi kanye namachibi ikhula cishe 1.5 izimila eziningi ezihlukahlukene, nezilwane eziningi bomdabu, ezifana bear, must izinyamazane, nonogwaja, impungushe, Sable nabanye.

Hlola umlando

Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini le-12 umlando zindawo, okuyinto namuhla ithatha Sakhalin ndawo, oyimfihlakalo. Ekhulwini le-12 ngokokuqala lapha atshalwe Hokkaido Japanese futhi uthole lapha ukukhokhela abantu bomdabu: Ainu futhi Nivkh. Uma, eminyakeni ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 60 edlule, Sakhalin kwadingeka uxhumano ezweni oya ezwekazini kanye esiqhingini Hokkaido. Kodwa ulwandle lithathe indawo, futhi eminyakeni ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 10 edlule, iziqhingi anqamuka kusukela 'ezwekazini. Lapha-ke sifika ogwini ngezikhathi ezithile-Japanese, namaMongol-Chinese, kodwa musa ukuhlala lapha kwakungamadodana izimo zazinzima kakhulu. ekhulwini le-13 amaMongol wathatha inombolo yokuzama ekunqotshweni la mazwe, bagcina bekwazile ukungena ephethwe ukubeka lapha amakhanda abo. Ngu iziqhingi ngezikhathi ukuntanta uhambo European. Ekhulwini le-17, i-Japanese ngikhiphile Imizamo yokuqala ukuba singangeni ngenkani Sakhalin, bakha ibalazwe lokuqala kulesi siqhingi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapha ithunyelwa bomkhankaso wokuqala Russian.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-17, Sakhalin zingena ngaphansi protectorate ka Manchuria futhi uhulumeni waseRussia kumele sibekezelele eziyimbangela yalokhu. Ngo-18 ngasekupheleni - emakhulwini okuqala eminyaka le-19, uMbuso Russian waphinda kuthatha inamba yokuzama ukuthi zilawule iziqhingi: kusukela nezingxoxo zokubonisana ukuze izingxabano zempi. Ngo-1850 Nevelsk nawo ifulegi Russian phezu Sakhalin. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, ukwakha kwekulu umbuso ukufukuziswa e 1882 kwakukhona dolobha esizayo ye-Sakhalin esifundeni - ke namanje emzaneni Vladimirovka. Ngo-1904 i-Japanese ethumba Sakhalin, futhi imiphumela Russian-Japanese War, Russia ilahlekelwe ezinye Sakhalin Oblast. Kuphela ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili, Russia wakwazi ukuphinde alungise ezweni. Futhi ukungqubuzana esicashile uyaqhubeka namuhla phakathi Russia nase-Japan phezu Kuril Islands.

Isimo sezulu

Sakhalin Region has a esipholile yezimvula sezulu. Isilinganiso lokushisa laminyaka yonke kuwubufakazi lokususa 4 degrees. Isimo sokukhululeka ngokwenkolo endaweni enyakatho kakhulu, nge elide, Ubusika ezimanzi ehlobo iDemo. Eningizimu, lapho imali endaweni Sakhalin, ebusika ethambile futhi ehlobo umoya eliwu 15-19 degrees Celsius. Winter iqhwa esifundeni, kunothile snowstorms, kuthatha kusuka ngasekupheleni kuka-November kuya ekuqaleni kuka-April. Cool ehlobo iqala ngo-June futhi iphela ngo-August. Futhi, i-esifundeni libhekene eside zesikhashana entwasahlobo and ekwindla. It lehla kakhulu kwezulu (900 mm ngonyaka) kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka, ngenyanga driest January. Budebuduze Sea ezibandayo Okhotsk akukuniki emoyeni kakhulu afudumele, ngakho kukhona njalo cooler than kwezinye izifunda endaweni ekuyi-latitude efanayo.

Izici zokuphila e Sakhalin

izibalo ezisemthethweni ukunikeza umbono ocacile wokuthi Sakhalin esifundeni, okusikisela ukuthi esifundeni kuyinqubo sokukhula komnotho, ukuthi kukhona amathemba kuhle ukuthuthukiswa. Kodwa izakhamuzi zendawo ukuthi ophilayo ku Sakhalin lula. Ezinye izizwe futhi sezulu imbangela elibuhlungu ukuthi cishe zonke izimpahla amazwe, futhi ngokushesha kubonakala intengo zabo. Isimo sezulu umkhuba kungase kubonakale kulabo ababempofu kakhulu, nakuba lalolo hlanga lithi ayinaye zako. Ngokwesibonelo, ehlobo ubonwa njengenhlangano value ekhethekile, ngakho uyakwazi ukujabulela. The main inzuzo esifundeni - lokhu ubuhle bemvelo ngendlela engakaze ibonwe ngaphambili, ukudoba okukhulu, ukuzingela. Sakhalin esifundeni, imizi kanye nezifunda okuyizinto endaweni uxhaso lukahulumeni has a standard sasivumela zokuphila eziphakeme, nakuba amanani Yiqiniso, kunalokho enkulu. Ingxenye eseningizimu endaweni inikeza ngokwanele ukhululekile, nakuba izimo ezithile zokuphila. Kodwa enyakatho nesifunda - endaweni kuphela kubalandeli of imidlalo eyingozi.

division zokuphatha

Ngo-2011, Government of the Sakhalin Region omamukele ukwahlukana entsha esifundeni ngeenyingi. Sekukonke kukhona abelwe izifunda 17, 1 idolobha kwakuwukuthi zesifunda, emadolobheni 2 ebalulekile yesifunda, futhi kwenye indawo ehlala ezisemadolobheni nezifunda ezisemaphandleni. Ubude emadolobheni 15, 5 kanye namalokishi nezindawo ezihlala 242 ezigodini.

amandla

Banakekela uhulumeni wesifunda Sakhalin esifundeni, okuyinto iholwa uMbusi. Kuyinto aphakeme esiphezulu igunya. amandla Legislative kungokwalabo Sakhalin Oblast Duma. Abantu bendawo bathi ekuphathweni esiyitholayo kuphela emizini, ku ukudepha kwenkundla futhi ikakhulukazi abantu enyakatho ukuphila cishe ngokuzimela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezinye nemizana kuvamile namanje ezindaweni ezifana kude ngokuthi akukho mandla khona nje ayikwazi ukufinyelelwa.

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk

Inhloko-dolobha ye-Sakhalin Region Itholakala mpumalanga esiqhingini esikhulu, mayelana 25 km kusuka ogwini loLwandle ka Okhotsk. Lihlala abantu ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 200, kwabantu bakhona ayizinkulungwane 1.1. Abantu. sq ngayinye. km, kuyilapho indawo sibalo 5, 5 abantu square kilometre. km. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Sakhalin esifundeni dolobha - kuba idolobha elikhulu kunawo wonke esifundeni kanye nesikhungo salo kwezomnotho. Idolobhana siqukethe imizi eminingana, endaweni ingqikithi County kucishe 1000 square metres. km. Umuzi bagxila izinkampani yezimboni futhi commercial main esifundeni. Lapha kulapho bendawo bangase bakuthole umsebenzi kwezinye izingxenye zale ndawo nge imisebenzi, izinto ezimbi. Izindleko ezindlini esifundeni dolobha kuphezulu, ngoba ukwakhiwa ibuthakathaka. Konke lokhu kuholela yokuthi intsha bathanda ukuya ezwekazini.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Sakhalin - endaweni ehlukile, cishe uhambo wakhe legend kweqiniso. Empeleni - ke yisona siqhingi esikhulu kunazo okuqondene Russia. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, futhi ezinye amadolobha, ungabona Japanese ukwakha indlu. Umuzi ubuswa izimoto Japanese, imodeli ethandwa kakhulu - SUV. ESakhalin Isiqhingi kuphela efinyeleleka emoyeni noma emanzini. Ebusika, zikhona izikhathi uma kungekho izixhumanisi ezokuthutha kanye iziqhingi khona.