Inhloko-dolobha ye Komi. Komi dolobha loMfula Sysola

Northern Russia, entshonalanga yezintaba zase-Ural, elise Komi Republic. Cishe abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ukusuka empumalanga kuye entshonalanga futhi kusukela eningizimu kuya enyakatho kuyodingeka ukunqoba umuntu ofuna simazi kangcono lokhu onqenqemeni ezithakazelisayo. Inhloko-dolobha ye Komi Republic ogwini Sysola (River) sokunethezeka uyaziqhenya nomlando wayo lasendulo.

Isinqumo uCatherine II

Ngokulinganiswa sezulu elibuhlungu kuye kwaholela onqenqemeni engalingani of eliphakeme. Iningi labantu itholakala ingxenye yayo eningizimu. Ngesikhathi confluence imifula e Sysola emfuleni Vychegda eladabuka le-16 leminyaka igceke lesonto Ust-Sysola, okuyindawo umsuka inhloko-dolobha Komi - Syktyvkar.

Ngo 1780, indlovukazi uCatherine II kwakhiwa Vologda Viceroyalty, ezazihlanganisa nesishiyagalolunye izifunda, kuhlanganise Ust-Sysolskiy. Ngakho, edolobhaneni Ust-Sysola uguqulwe ube edolobheni County ngokuthi Ust-Sysolsk, ngubani maseko ngaba ingubo yakhe siqu izingalo kanye yecebo, ezihilela ukunwetshwa edolobheni ngenxa nemizana ezizungezile.

Umuzi emfuleni Sysola

Ukuze ne Komi ulimi lihumusha igama Syktyvkar ( "imoto" - idolobha). Ingxenye yokuqala amagama ahlobene ne-emfuleni Sysola ( "Syktyv").

Igama entsha ithatha Ust-Sysolsk ngemva kweminyaka eminingi, ngo-1930, lapho sigubhe iminyaka engu-150 ka-isabelo isimo salo muzi. Ngo-1930, Syktyvkar bekulokhu sokuqondisa esifundeni ezimele Komi (Zyrian).

Lihlanzekile leli dolobha futhi elula kakhulu - eduze kwemifula Sysola Vychegda. Kuzo zonke izinhlangothi lizungezwe ihlathi, okuyinto oluthatha amaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-70 kule ndawo edolobheni. Kuyinto 152 amakhilomitha square. Kusukela eMoscow Syktyvkar ahlukaniswe mayelana 1.400 amakhilomitha.

idolobha eba

Kwathatha omunye iminyaka eyisithupha, futhi ngo-December 1936 sathola entsha isimo Syktyvkar - inhloko-dolobha Komi Republic.

Omuzi aqala ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukisa umkhakha futhi emkhakheni wezemfundo, okuyinto kwaba nomthelela ekukhuleni sabantu. Ngo-1989, inani labantu abantu abangaphezu kuka 240.000 enhloko-dolobha ye-Komi Republic.

Ngo Syktyvkar, kwaba ngaleso sikhathi amabhizinisi ezinkulu ezimbonini mayelana 40, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yoku- okwakukhona ukubaluleka zonke-sobunye. I share izingodo, uginindela nephepha Woodworking izimboni ezingamaphesenti angu-ezingaphezu kuka-60 kuyo yonke imikhiqizo lezimpahla ezivezwa edolobheni. Timber, amapulangwe, ipulangwe, chipboard, iphepha, izindwangu okungezona nokwelukiweyo - zonke lezi enikeziwe inhloko-dolobha Komi Republic, eziningi zeSoviet Union.

Ngo Syktyvkar ngo-1932-ke wavulwa State Pedagogical Institute ke base-USSR Academy of Sciences, okuyinto ochwepheshe sekuyisikhathi utadisha North, futhi lapho ngo-1949 base bamukelwe kakade ngokuthi legatsha Komi we-Academy of Sciences. Syktyvkar State University lavulwa ngo-1972.

sezulu Syktyvkar

Asebemnkantsh 'ubomvu khumbula izinyanga ebusika nokhahlo futhi ehlobo isikhathi esifushane impela. Nokho, ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke futhi umthelela sezulu Republic of Komi dolobha. Waba ethambile.

Yiqiniso, yesithwathwa ezinzima zisekhona evamile enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-ingxenye European yeRussia. Nokho, abazange eside kangaka, ngokwesilinganiso, phezu ebusika waqoqa amasonto amathathu yesithwathwa ezinzima. Ezinye izindaba zika-ubusika kuqhathaniswa umnene, siqala eside, ihlala kufika ezinyangeni ezingu-6 ngonyaka.

Spring futhi yesikhathi eside emakhazeni esifanayo, kulingane, ngoMeyi ungawa iqhwa nesithwathwa abangekho emangazwa abakhileyo, ngisho ngoJulayi. Uma sithatha ku-akhawunti ezinyangeni ekwindla ke ehlobo, kukhona isikhathi esincane kakhulu, mhlawumbe izinyanga 2. Komi Capital awukwazi ngisho ukuziqhayisa ukushisa yesikhashana. Isilinganiso lokushisa ehlobo - 17 degrees Celsius.

Inani labantu base-Syktyvkar

Namuhla, inani labantu edolobheni inombolo ephelele yabantu 240.000 ubuswa Russian - amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-60, kuyilapho bomdabu, noma Komi Komi-Zyrian, mayelana 30 kuphela amaphesenti.

Nokho, kwakungelula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 iningi labantu lalinabashumayeli Komi. Izinguquko zazithatha kwekhulu lama-20, lapho kule ndawo waqala ukuthumela bedingisiwe zezombusazwe, ikakhulukazi Russian.

Komi abantu - a abantu Finno-Ugric. He is abomdabu basezifundeni Republic Komi. Kusukela ngomhla ka-2010, abantu bakhona kwaba kancane kuka 202 ayizinkulungwane Komi-Zyrian (23.7% abantu sebebonke). Abameleli leli qembu yobuhlanga lapho futhi kwezinye izifunda of Russia, isibonelo, Murmansk futhi Sverdlovsk izifunda, Nenets Autonomous District. Noma kunjalo, zimbalwa. Isamba se-Komi-Zyrian kulo lonke Russian Federation has abantu 228.000.

Komi-Zyrian akufanele kube udidekile ne Permian Komis, nakuba bobabili bangabanye Finno-Ugric abantu.

Komi ku Perm esifundeni

Esikhathini umcengezi engenhla. Kama, esifundeni esise-Ural, elise Komi-Perm wesifunda - kuze 2005 isihloko esizimele WaseRussia. Ngaleso sikhathi wayehlala ngokuhlanganiswa Perm esifundeni, kuphumele i Perm.

Inhloko-dolobha ye Permian Komi District - emzini Kudymkar - ngemva kokuhlangana laba isizinda sokuqondisa endaweni Kudymkarsky. Itholakala kwi nemingenela we Kama - umfula Inva kanye Kuva. Kuhlukanisa kusukela Perm 200 amakhilomitha.

Abangaphezu kwesigamu labantu kulo muzi wakhiwa le Komi-Permian. Ubude eRussia iyikhaya labantu abangaba ngu-125.000 kwalowo ubuzwe.

izikhumbuzo zomlando Syktyvkar

Komi Capital akakwazi akhononde ngokuntuleka izindawo ezithakazelisayo izivakashi.

Isonto we Ascension leNkosi libhekisela amasayithi omuzi wasendulo yomlando. Ibizwa nangokuthi iSonto emathuneni Ascension. Yakhiwa ngezithukuthuku umthengisi ocebile Ust-Sysolsk Aleksey Sukhanov kusuka 1811 kuya ngonyaka 1820. Yakhiwa emathuneni ngezindleko zomngcwabo umufi. Manje, emathuneni lamiswao isakhiwo yesikhumbuzo.

indlu Sukhanov sika eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-200. Kuyinto omunye omdala izikhumbuzo zomlando, kodwa futhi ungowokuqala isakhiwo itshe efulethini hhayi kuphela. Kamuva, kwaku ezihlukahlukene izikhungo: izikole, izikole party. Ngo-2009, ngemva kabusha, isakhiwo Museum kwavulwa I. Kuratov.

I-National Gallery itholakala kwesinye isakhiwo mlando, okuyinto lakhiwa iminyaka engaphezu kuka-120 edlule ukuze Ust-Sysolsky esikoleni zenkolo.

Compound zintathu Stefano Ulyanovsk Isigodlo, emzini Suvorov, Fire Tower, ukuhweba endlini Kuzbozheva abathengisi Cathedral Stefano Perm - konke kukhona ezikhumbuzo emlandweni futhi yokwakha umuzi.

indawo eyingqayizivele - izinsika weathering

Ake itholakala hhayi Syktyvkar, Komi dolobha kodwa has sengqondo maqondana nalo. Nakuba, uma kuphela ngoba lapho indiza kuyinto elula kakhulu ukuze uthole isimangaliso wesikhombisa we-Russia, othiwa izinsika weathering.

Ziyakwazi KuZiqu-zintathu-Pechersk isifunda Komi Republic, lapho itholakala the Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve. iminyaka eyizigidi ezimbili eyikhulu edlule, kwakunoFakazi izintaba eziphakemeyo ezingaphansi ithonya emoyeni, emvuleni ilanga neqhwa kancane kancane ubhujiswe. Kwakukhona 7 namakholomu okuqinile-sericite quartzite slate kwi ongaphakeme entabeni-Manh inkaba-kaNeri. Bonke babe ukuma yinqaba futhi ukuphakama kwamamitha 30 kuya ku-42.

Izinsalela abizwa ngokuthi Mansi boobs ngoba babebadala into yokukhulekela abantu Mansi. izinganekwane eziningi ezihlobene nokusebenzelana nesenzakalo yabo. On omunye wabo, imidondoshiya eziyisithupha axoshwe abantu Owesizwe Mansi, ezazifuna ukuba bashiye zase-Ural. On the pass e umsuka eMfuleni Pechora, lapho imidondoshiya baye ezama ukubamba isizwe, bona bavala indlela shaman futhi wawenta zamatshe. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, yonke Labelaphi besizwe Mansi akhanga leli pheshana engcwele amandla akhe imilingo.

Kungakhathaliseki lokhu kuyiqiniso noma cha. Kodwa abahambi abaningi abaye bavakashela entabeni Man-Pupu-kaNeri, khuluma ngezinto amandla kule ndawo okungavamile. Nokho, ukuthola kukhona ngakho ayilula kangako. Ukukhetha unyawo encane noma ngendiza enophephela emhlane. Kodwa indawo enhle kuwufanele umzamo.

Inhlokodolobha amafutha Komi

Ngaphezu sokuqondisa se Syktyvkar, ku Komi Republic has okuthiwa nekomkhulu lalo uwoyela. Lokhu Usinsk abasha, owaphenduka engu-30 nje kusukela yasungulwa ngo-1984.

Incishisiwe ku lwaphuka kahle kuqala ngo-1960, lapho uwoyela kutholakala. Futhi ngemva kweminyaka emine kwaqala ukwakhiwa settlement ngoba petroleum ukuhlola uhambo imishini ezijulile. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva lapho ukwakhiwa Komsomol isivele zokuhlala kahle ohlelekile kwamenyezelwa, okuyinto yena, ngokushesha yaba idolobha. Umthamo inani lamafutha ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi ezifakwa we Usinsk wesifunda ngo-1999 kudlulwe engamathani ayizigidi ezingu-200.

Usinsk namuhla Ingabizwa kufanele ngokuthi maphakathi esifundeni ngobukhulu oil-producing ku Komi Republic. Lapha ezibekwe izinkampani ezinkulu uwoyela, "RN-Severnaya Neft", "LUKOIL-Komi" Usinskaya inkampani ezimbonini "Nedra" nabanye.

2010 Census wabuye watshengisa ukuthi abantu 47.000 bahlala Usinsk.

nezitha Syktyvkar

Uma uthola ukwazi izindaba Komi Republic kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, singabona ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi lapho ayobhebhethekisa izinkanuko inhloko-dolobha Komi. Ngokwesibonelo, emzini wase-Ukhta esisodwa uzishaya zokuhlonipha "isikhundla".

Kungani? Izimpikiswano esivuna yayo ekhonjiwe nakakhulu. Ukhta ubhekwa esikhungweni semfundo yesifunda, ngoba kukhona Ural State Technical University - omunye iyunivesithi ambalwa eRussia, oveza Ochwepheshe uwoyela & igesi. Esivuna Ukhta uthi futhi lula yezokuthutha: akukho isiphetho Komi ntwana ayikwazi ancintisane naye.

Nokho, akekho bekuyokwenzekani kuze lo mbuzo: "Kuyini inhloko-dolobha Komi Republic" - thina sonke wemfanelo, "Syktyvkar".