Ingqikithi emali. nezimbangela zayo

Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali kuyingozi enkulu kunoma Macroeconomics zwe. Umthelela elimazayo zalesi simo lukhula sengathi Snowball, futhi uma isikhathi akusho izinyathelo zokumelana nalo, nciphisa is ngenakugwemeka. Kulesi sihloko sizocabangela ngokuningiliziwe izinto ezilandelayo lesi simanga ezingezinhle zezomnotho like izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali: ubunjalo, izimbangela, izinhlobo.

Ithemu esisho lomkhuba wokuthi evela Igama lesiLatini «inflatio», okuyinto zihunyushelwe izindlela Russian "ukuvuvukala" noma "ukuvuvukala". Iqiniso lokuthi uqobo emali lide ngokwanele futhi ukwehla okusheshayo imali okubangelwa ukwanda ngokweqile futhi engenabulungisa kwenani lemali futhi non-cash ejikelezayo. Lokho oluvelele mass yemali , kungathi "yasha" futhi "zigcwala". Unika a "iqhubu" ukungalingani okukhulu emnothweni - Ukungadli kwaneliswe isidingo.

Chaza kafushane imvelo emali kungaba scheme ezifana: imali kuyi - ukwehla kwentengo imali - amanani ukwenyuka - ekushayweni. Lokho, ukukhululwa esiningi nemali iphepha okungaphephile yegolide kule igadle kwezwakala nasezimalini isimo, okubangela ukungakhuli yabo futhi ngenxa yalokho - kuyanda okuqhubekayo kwamanani. kwamanani zidinga imali eshisiwe imali, okuholela kuswela imali ejikelezayo uphinde uqhubekele Umagazini olandelayo we imali yephepha. Futhi lokhu yinhlama inyuka ngobukhulu, kokuqina isimo emgodini kwezomnotho ezijulile.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isici izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali ye nokusakazwa imali yephepha, ngokuya amafa yangempela (noma isiliva), kumane nje akunakwenzeka. Lokhu kukodwa buyinto kwezomnotho akakwazi ngokuthi umkhiqizo emnothweni yesimanje. Ukuya emuva izenzakalo ukulinganiselwa zomlando Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi izinqubo ngokuvamile nobuntu umnotho engazinzile: ezikhathini ezimpini, ekuvukeleni izinkinga, ushintsho komunye uhlelo lokuphathwa kwezomnotho kwesinye, njll Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, ngokuyisisekelo okuyinto isibonakala ngokugcwele lezi zimo, ibangwa umthetho ngezimali malini izindleko zikahulumeni ngokusebenzisa Ukukhishwa imali yephepha.

Ngokungalungile ezikhonjwe okushiwo samandla emali ngalesosikhathi kuphela nge amanani ukwenyuka. Lokhu mkhuba wokusebenzela abantu, umnotho luyindida kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingcindezi inflation kungenzeka ngaphandle amanani ukwenyuka uma kukhona ukwehla kwentengo imali, ezifana ukushoda kwezimpahla, esimweni ukulungisa ukubaluleka isimo izimpahla. Kulokhu, nokwehla yangempela ukubaluleka lwemali akuyona kugujwe, kodwa kunamasiko imali imali eyiphinda depreciate, ngakho akunakwenzeka ukuba bachithe imali kwi ukuthengwa izinto eziyindlala. Ukwanda okunjalo "ophoqelelwe" ukonga kuholela ekwakhekeni "eziphephile inflation", ngaphansi kwethonya okuyinto uhulumeni wenza isinqumo khona lapho kuhlelwe amanani ukwenyuka. Okusho ukuthi, uma Ukungadli of ubudlelwano lezimpahla-imali, umnotho isimo ihlangabezana ukuvela wenzuzo ethuneni yako.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezinkulu izinhlobo emali, kuye ngokuthi ngesilinganiso amanani ukwenyuka:

• emaphakathi noma ezinwabuzelayo (kufika ku-10% ngonyaka);
• agijima (kusuka 20% kuya ku-200% ngonyaka);
• ayehle kakhulu amandla emali (angaphezu kuka-200% ngonyaka).

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu zokukhula yemali ukuqalisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali izinqubo:

• ukungalingani izimali kanye izindleko isimo, okungukuthi, ukungeneli kwesabelo sezimali;
• utshalomali ngokweqile, okuholela ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile ngohlobo olulodwa izimpahla kanye nokuntuleka omunye;
• izindleko zempi;
• izimo zezenhlalo nezombusazwe okungavamile ezifana iziteleka, zezombusazwe nastabilnost njll.;
• amaphutha ukuziphatha kwezinqubomgomo zomphakathi amanani, intela, kwezimali, kanye yemali.

Ngakho, ngokuyisisekelo kwamandla emali, lo mkhuba multi-factor, kuyinto nganoma iyiphi inqubo ukwehla kwentengo imali, kwamanani nokukhuphula supply imali.