Uma isetshenzisiwe, amabhethri wokuhola-acid ephawulwe ekugcineni azokhipha inkokhelo yabo, futhi kumele ivuselelwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Izingqinamba zalolu hlelo zizocatshangelwa kuhlaka lwesigatshana.
Okubizwa ngokuthi ukushaja
Leli yigama lenqubo, okuyinto ehamba phambili yokukhishwa. Ngesikhathi ukushaja amabhethri eveziwe ehola-lead, agcinwa ngamandla, ngenkathi edla kusuka kumthombo wamandla wangaphandle. Esikhathini sokugcina, inkokhelo inqwabelene, elingana namandla. Futhi amashaja abukeka kanjani njengamabhethri e-acid eholayo? Ziyi-converter yamandla kanye nama-terminals amabili, ngalinye elixhunywe ku- anode ne-cathode. Ibhethri yokuhola-acid ephawuliwe, engenasondlo, lapho ixhunywe kwinethiwekhi, izoqala inqubo yokubuyisela nokuguqula amandla kagesi (okunikezwa kwinethiwekhi) ibe yikhemikhali eyodwa. Ngakho esikhathini esizayo, ngokushesha lapho kunesidingo, angakwazi ukuqhuba inqubo eguqukayo futhi ahlinzeke amandla kumadivaysi namadivaysi ahlukene.
Sishaja ngokumane futhi ngokuphepha
Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa indlela "yamanje-voltage". Kuyini? Ibhethri iqalelwa icala ngokuqondile ngqo. Lapho izinkomba ezidingekayo zifinyelelwa, ukwesekwa kwe-voltage njalo kuqala ukuhamba. Ukuze ukwazi ukushaja kokuqala kokushaja, ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhlola leli cala ngokucophelela - leli pharamitha likhonjisiwe lapho. Ngokujwayelekile leli xabiso lifika kumthamo webhethri we- 0.3 . Ukwenza kube kucace, cabanga ukuthi sinesidingo esinamapharitha angu-100 A / h. Khona-ke ukushaja kwamanje akumele kudlule 30A. Kodwa lokhu kuyiphephelo ephephile, abakhiqizi abaningi kumajaja abo basebenzisa ukubusa kwamaphesenti ayishumi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ukhokhe amabhethri ngaphandle kokwesaba kokwenza okuthile okungalungile nokukukhubaza. Futhi kufanele ngikhokhise okungakanani? Uma okwamanje okuqala kungu-20% wamandla, ukugcinwa kwebhethri kuzobuyiselwa ngo-90% emahoreni angaba ngu-5-6. Ama-10% asele azothatha cishe usuku. Nazi ezinye izici zokusebenza kwayo ineshaja yamabhethri ehola-acid ephawuliwe. Ingabe ikhona indlela yokusheshisa le nqubo? Yebo, futhi manje sizocabangela indlela.
Ukushaja okusheshayo kwamabhethri okufaka uphawu e-lead-acid
Umkhuba uyashaja ngokuqondile emotweni ka-13.8. Okuningi akukhuthazwa ngenxa yemiphumela emibi engenzeka. Kodwa uma bengesabi, ungakwazi ukwandisa umthamo ube ngu-14.5 V (lokhu kungama-batri angu-12 V). Ngenxa yalokho, ibhethri ekukhokhweni kwe-20% izokhokha amahora angu-6. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-cyclic kuphela.
Umphumela wokushisa
Konke okwakubhalwe ngenhla, kubhekisela kuphela esimweni lapho izinga lokushisa lingama-degrees Celsius angu-20. Kweminye imikhakha, kuyadingeka ukwethula isinxephezelo somshini wokushaja. Khokha amabhethri wokuhola-acid e-range kusuka ku -15 kuya ku-40 degrees. Lapho ephakeme izinga lokushisa, ukwehlisa imithethini kufanele kube ukugwema ngokweqile. Esimweni esiphikisanayo, le nkhomba, ngokuphambene nalokho, kufanele ikhuliswe ukuze igweme ukugcwala. Ngakho-ke ibhethri ye-lead-acid ehlanganisiwe, engenakulondolozwa isondlo isetshenziselwa ukukhokhiswa ngama-degrees Celsius angu-20, noma ukuhlanganisa noma ukunciphisa ambalwa. Yiqiniso, ungakwazi ukubala njalo, kodwa akusiyo njalo elula. Njengendawo ekahle yepharamitha yokushisa ngokuvamile ukhetha amakhaya abo, kodwa-ke kudingeka udake ikhwalithi yokushayela indawo yokushaja, kokubili phakathi nale nqubo, namahora ambalwa ngemva kokuphela kwayo.
Imiphumela yokungalandeli imithetho yezokuphepha
Izindlela ezichazwe ngenhla zihloselwe ukushaja okusheshayo nokuphephile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umgomo ukukhulisa isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri yokuhola-asidi ngokunciphisa izinto eziguga. Futhi manje ake sibheke ukuphutha. Kuzokwenzekani uma okwamanje kusetshenziswe okungaphezu kwesilinganiso esiphezulu esivumelekile? Ekuqaleni, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amabhethri wokuhola-acid asindiwe angeke akhokhe ngokugcwele. Futhi, ngenxa yokunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-gas recombination mechanism, i-electrolyte izolahlekelwa amanzi. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nokushayisana okulodwa kuyanele ukwehlisa imithombo yomsebenzi.
Futhi kuzokwenzekani uma okwamanje kunciphise amaphesenti angu-0.5 omthamo? Amabhethri wokuhola amakhemikhali afakwe emaceleni nawo atholakala kulokhu, kodwa le nqubo izoqhubeka amasonto ambalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idivayisi izobe isesimweni esilingana nomuntu okhishiwe. Futhi lokhu kuholela ekusululeni nasekukhusheni okusheshayo. Yiqiniso, ukushaja okukodwa okwamanje okuphansi akukwanele ukulimala okukhulu, kodwa kungcono ukungayisebenzisi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqapha i-voltage yokugcina, ukuze idivayisi ingagcini futhi inciphise impilo yayo.
Futhi kungani amabhethri ehola-acid anezinhlobo zokushisa ezinjalo zokushaja? Iqiniso liwukuthi lapho bephuma kuzo, umsebenzi we-recombination mechanism uyama, futhi i-electrolyte ilahlekelwa amanzi ayo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi konke kwenziwe kahle
Ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nemigomo edingekayo ngaphakathi kohlaka oludingekayo. Indawo eyinhloko kule ndaba kufanele ithathwe yi-current and voltage (cabangela izinga lokushisa). Khona-ke amabhethri okuhola-acid eboshwe azokhokhiswa ngempumelelo futhi azohlala isikhathi eside. Uma kukhona i-electrolyte ezungeze amagagasi okuphepha , ukugqoka okumhlophe noma amabhubhu, khona-ke ukubuyiselwa kwezici zedivayisi akukwenziwa ngendlela efanele. Ukuze unqume isimo, ungasebenzisa umhloli. Ukubuyiselwa kwamabhethri e-lead-acid ehlanganisiwe kwenziwa ngosizo lwamashaja akhethekile (okungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa) noma izenzo ezengeziwe zokusebenza (ngandlela-thile uthele i-electrolyte).
Isiphetho
Njengoba ubona, inqubo yokushaja ibhethri ehola phambili ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi nzima. Uma kutholakala ukuphepha, ngeke kube lula ukuthola into engalungile. Kodwa ekugcineni ngifuna ukuncoma ukuthi ngiwashaye ngamakamelo ahlukene, futhi uma amadivaysi abuyiselwa endlini yokuhlala, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umoya uphume kahle ngesikhathi senqubo, kanye namahora ambalwa emva kwalo. Lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha ziyadingeka ngenxa yokuthi, ngisho nangamanani amancane, kodwa ukuhola kungangena emoyeni, futhi kuyo kanye nasemzimbeni, lapho ihlushwa kancane kancane futhi ihlale inomthelela onobuthi.