Indlela ukusinda kuphahlazeka indiza? Abasinda lapho kuphahlazeka emoyeni

Inani elikhulu labantu uyesaba yini ukuhamba ngendiza, ukufa. Bafunda mayelana nendlela ukusinda kuphahlazeka indiza, azi ukuthi kungenzeka kube ezincane ngempela uma ubhekene nesimo esinjena. Nakuba ithuba uthole engozini yemoto lingaphezulu kakhulu ukuphakama okwesabisayo nokungakwazi ukuzisiza. Nokho, impendulo yombuzo othi ukuthi abantu basinda kuphahlazeka indiza - yebo. Futhi lokhu kuyakhuthaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye zazo ephethwe ukuze usinde endaweni lapho wonke umuntu efa. Futhi okokugcina kwenzeka ngenxa yezenzo zabo ezinengqondo.

Izimbangela emoyeni ukuphahlazeka

Ithuba abafa phakathi indiza lungaphezu mancane amathuba okuthi bawine i-lottery. Noma kunjalo, izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka kwenzeke inhlekelele, bathi ukuphila kwamakhulu abantu ngesikhathi. Ngokwemvelo, kungcono scary, ngisho noma namanje abasindile kule ngozi. Izithombe kusuka kusayithi ingozi umxhwele kangangokuthi abaningi kamuva senqabe fly uma kukhona nezinye izinketho. Kodwa uma ucabanga ngakho, wonke indiza efanayo - omunye izindlela nephephile zokuthutha. Yebo, njengoba kunoma yiliphi elinye icala, kunobungozi. Eqinisweni, ngokuqondene nezizathu eziye zenza into engase yonakale, hhayi eningi kakhulu.

Okokuqala, kuba isici womuntu. Lona kubangelwa njengoba imishini ukwehluleka ngaphandle iqhaza kwabantu - kungase kwenzeke into eyivelakancane. Zonke izinhlelo nokulondeka bakopisha futhi ihlolwe ngaphambi kokuba ahambe ngendiza, kuyilapho samakhono abantu, okuhlanganisa nokungakwazi ukuthatha isinyathelo, ukunakwa, isivinini kanye nekhwalithi ekuthathweni awaphelele. Ngo-70% amacala, uma kukhona izigameko ezithile njengoba izisulu, futhi ngaphandle kwazo, sikhuluma ngalokho abantu benze izinto ezimbi.

Labo abasele abanga-30% basola ukwehluleka lobuchwepheshe akuhlobene bomshayeli kanye izimbangela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngo esigabeni esifanayo isehlakalo ngokuvamile ezihlobene, futhi akwaziwa ukuthi waphelelaphi.

Aircraft imiklamo njalo ngcono, onjiniyela, ugesi kanye nezinye Ochwepheshe abasebenza ukunciphisa iqhaza lwabantu indiza. I-Interstate Aviation iKomidi, ohulumeni, abenzi bezindiza - kuphenywa izimbangela isigameko ngasinye abanesifiso eziningana impela amaqembu, futhi ngoba kunikezwa ukucatshangelwa ngokujulile. Futhi njengoba izisulu awavamile zonke abagibeli abantu ngothi lwabo, e izindaba zabo, kuyacaca ukuthi uyobhekana kanjani kuphahlazeka indiza. Eqinisweni, kungenzeka kakhulu, ngisho noma le ngozi yenzeke endaweni ephakeme kakhulu. Nakuba kunjalo abaningi babe abantu, abasindile ukuphahlazeka kwendiza kwenzeka emhlabathini. Ngakho kudingeka ukuba ngisindiswe na?

Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kuphahlazeka indiza

Inhlekelele edabukisayo kakhulu, okwakuhilela izindiza, kubhekwa isenzo kwamaphekula okwenzeka ngo-September 11, 2001. Ngalolo suku, sabulala abantu abangu-3000. Nokho, empeleni, lezinhlekelele azihlanganisiwe yencazelo zezindiza izingozi, okusho ukuthi ubuqhawe namanje hhayi ngemuva kwabo.

• Ezinye zezinto eziningi kakhulu ngokuya ngenani izisulu namanje kubhekwa inhlekelele ethile esiqhingini Tenerife, owenzeka ngo-March 1977, lapho ukushayisana evulekile phakathi izindiza ezimbili. Ubude Kushone cishe abantu abangu-600. Izindaba abasinde ezishaqisayo zasemajele zabathinta yokuphahlazeka ku umphefumulo - isibalo abasindile ukuba abagibeli 12 nengqondo empunga.
• Ngo-1985, izwe yahlaselwa ingozi enkulu eJapane. Le ndiza iphaphalaze yaphuma emzileni wayo, okwaphumela 520 izisulu.
• Enye Ukungqubuzana, kodwa ngalesi sikhathi emoyeni, okwenzeka ngo-November 1996 e-India. Cishe 350 efile.
• Ngo-March 1974, ngenxa decompression kuqhume, eziseduze nase-Paris, i-Indiza iphahlazeke Airlines Turkish. Abantu abashonile kubantu 346.
• Ukuhlasela, owenzeka ngo-June 1985, amakhilomitha angu-70 ukusuka Cork Ireland wabulala airliner nabantu 329 ebhodini.
• Ngo-August 1980, ngenxa umlilo ebhodini endaweni Riyadh zaba yizisulu abantu 301.

Kuphela 30 100 ngobukhulu emlandweni zezindiza izingozi kwenzeka ngekhulu xxi. Ingabe abantu abasinda lapho kuphahlazeka? Yiqiniso, nakuba ayengazi ngamunye. Yiqiniso, phela ngisho ingozi engatheni kakhulu, olwenziwa kophenyo olunzulu, imiphumela okungasekelwa kuwo izinqumo zingenziwa ekuqiniseni izindlela zokuphepha esikhumulweni sezindiza, kwenta ncono kusebenta abalawuli air traffic kanye nezinye izinsizakalo phansi, kanye design of the izindiza kanye nokwethulwa nohlelo lokuphatha entsha. Ngakho njalo ngonyaka ithuba lokusinda sokonakala, uma kwenzeka, siya ngaphezulu. Futhi kakhulu kungenzeka ivela khona - zonke ngezansi.

Ingabe usinde yokuphahlazeka?

Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kuyinto ngokuphelele engenakwenzeka. Njengoba lisendaweni ephakeme 10,000 amamitha kubanda kakhulu, umoya-mpilo ongaphakeme, futhi ukufika akunakwenzeka ukuba soft. Nokho, amaqiniso, kanye izindaba abasinde lapho kuphahlazeka indiza, ethi kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kwakuyoba nomphumela ophumelelako cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Esikhathini esigabeni sangaphambilini singabantwana izisulu eziningi kakhulu ingozi, kodwa kukhona izigameko eziningi kangaka lapho isibalo izisulu bekulokhu ezincane noma ngisho ilingane no-zero. Yiqiniso, okokuqala incike izenzo abashayeli kanye nezisebenzi bebonke, kodwa futhi abagibeli ngokwabo, uma ungakhi uvalo sihlale sizolile ezimweni ezibucayi ungasindiswa.

Ngakho, kanjani ukusinda kuphahlazeka indiza? imiyalelo Enobunye sendlela ukwenza, alikho, kodwa ungakwazi nje ukwazi bese ulandela ezinye izincomo at the stage of izimali kanye boarding. Hhayi-ke, uma kuphakama isimo esiphuthumayo zavela ke, cishe, esimweni langena imizwelo engokwemvelo, nakuba kungcono ukugcina ikhanda cool.

I okwakuyindawo ephephe kunazo zonke gumbi

Kukholakala ukuthi kwezinye izindawo indiza ngesikhathi indiza kukhona izindawo ezingconywana okusinda kunabanye (uma eziphuthumayo). Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuyiqiniso. Ucwaningo okusekelwe izingozi ezenzeke zokugcina ezingu-30 eminyakeni ukuqinisekisa lokhu, kanye abasinde kuphahlazeka indiza. Izithombe lwemikhumbi wabhubhisa futhi kuholela abanye imicabango. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Okokuqala, eduze ophumayo, ngcono - lokhu kunjalo. Indawo engalapho esiphuthumayo noma avamile iminyango kungasindisa ukuphila ezimweni ezithile, kodwa kuphela uma ungenawo sinqotshwe ukwesaba wenze konke okulungile. Umqondo wukuthi kuvulwa eziphuthumayo akube kusakhulunywa - amatilosi umsebenzi, kodwa ungenza kanye umgibeli, uma kunesidingo.

Okwesibili, ezingemuva ingxenye indiza ngokuvamile liphephe kakhulu ngaphambili. Lapho ikhanda on ukushayisana, evulekile uhambo, imililo nokunye. D. Ingabe ngokuvamile okokuqala ukuzwela endlwaneni eyakhiwe indiza nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Uma umkhumbi ulahlekelwa amandla okuphatha, umsila kanye kokwehla ngemuva umnsalo. Ngakho, kwezinye izimo, ungeyena izihlalo ukhululekile kakhulu angasindisa izimpilo - ithuba lapha, ucishe yimpumelelo kwaqedwa indiza ifinyelela 66%. Izindaba abasindé kule ngozi ngokuvamile uqinisekise lesi, kodwa nomunye caveat - udinga ukuba baziphathe.

isinyathelo Inqubo

Abasinda kuphahlazeka indiza eRussia noma kwelinye izwe, ingakutshela ezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama aziwayo kakade bonke, kodwa ngandlela-thile njalo ukhohlwe. Kufanele kube ukuphinda futhi.

Okokuqala, ungaqala ukuthola ekhaya - bagqoke izingubo ukhululekile indiza, akukhawuleli ukunyakaza, esandleni imithwalo into efudumele. Oluthandwayo kufanele inikwe ukotini noboya, ngoba uhlupheka. Futhi banake izicathulo induduzo.

Okwesibili, kudingeka ulalele nezisebenzi ngesikhathi somhlangano. Yebo, noma kanjani, labo fly izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, le mithetho Ubonakala yisicefe futhi kucace ngaphandle ukuphindaphinda. Kodwa kuwufanele okungenani kanye ukucabanga ukuthi lezi ziqondiso kungase kube usizo. Ngisho nalabo abaye wabezwa ngokuphindaphindiwe, okwamanje ukugxeka abanye kungenza zidideke netwetwe kunokuba ukuba ziziphathe kahle, kuyilapho iqembu zithola ukuqeqeshwa njalo. Izindaba lwabasinda kuphahlazeka indiza basikisela ukuthi ukulalela sezikhonzi indiza kubalulekile.

Okwesithathu, behlezi endaweni yakhe, kubalulekile ukwenza izinto ezimbili: ungafaki egumbini engenhla isikhwama esisindayo, ukubala kwezihlalo phakathi okukhipha kanye nezinye, futhi khumbula ukuthi inombolo. Ngaphansi intuthu ukubonakala isezingeni zero, futhi ukwazi lokhu kungasindisa ukuphila.

Okwesine, ngokushesha nje lapho iqembu efika ukubophela esihlalweni sakho amabhande, kubalulekile ukuba senze kanjalo. Ngisho nalapho isibonisi siyavala, kungcono ukuhamba kubo endaweni efanayo. Ngisho noma i airliner faka kuphela ku indawo ye omawala, akusiyo kuwufanele kokubanga impilo yakho - unhlokweni akuyona mnandi kakhulu ukuhamba ngendiza.

Yilokhu okudingeka ukwazi wenze, nje ehlezi indzawo yayo airliner yesimanje. Nokho, uma kuyoba mayelana nendlela ukusinda kuphahlazeka indiza, kufanele ucabangele isimo ngabanye, nakuba, kuningi ezifana ngakho. Yiqiniso, kunzima kakhulu nangendlela isenzo, uma ingozi iza ngokuzumayo - ukuqhuma, ukushayisana, njll Kodwa uma kukhona ithuba, kuyafaneleka ukuyisebenzisa 100 amaphesenti ...

Ukwehluleka ukulawula kanye kokwehla kanzima

Izilinganiso izinhlaba nezinye izinto - kungase kwenzeke into eyivelakancane. Futhi uma nje inkinga encane namanje futhi kungenzeka abayiqapheli abagibeli ngisho, izinkinga ezinkulu nakakhulu ngokuvamile iholela eziphuthumayo kokwehla esikhumulweni sezindiza esiseduzane. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi konke ukuze - esimweni iloli bonke ababesemkhunjini, amatilosi, kumelwe silandele iziqondiso. Kulesi simo, okokuqala incike ukuthi ubani uzokwazi ukungaxhamazeli. Kungase kube ezingalindelekile futhi ngokushesha aqondisa, ukuphakama ocucuzayo, ngokuvamile, into ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzenze - ukubophela bese qinisa ibhande, susa entanyeni scarves, izibopho, nezigqizo, njll, cabanga futhi indlela ukuya exit eziphuthumayo, futhi .. ungathathi ngamawala.

Uma-ke kulindeleke ukuthi ukufika kuyoba nzima, kubalulekile ukukhumbula isikhundla ekhethekile ezizovikela ekhanda nasemzimbeni ngenxa yokulimala ezingadingekile. Isihlalo kumele kube sesimweni elungile, umgibeli ihlala kabi ngezandla zakhe ngemuva ngaphambili futhi kubeka ikhanda lakhe phezu kwabo. Enye - udinga bend ngangokunokwenzeka, ukwangana yena ezinqulwini ikhanda lakhe beseyama kwamadolo akhe. Kuyinto lolu lwazi wasindisa umDashi oneminyaka engu-9 ubudala, lapho lihlala e Tripoli, ukubulala engaphezu kwekhulu abantu, kuhlanganise umndeni womfana. Uma kuba sobala ukuthi kukhona okungalungile, ngisho noma kuyinto nje indawo ye omawala, kubalulekile ukuba athathele ekhukhwini izinto ezicijile ukuthi ukulimala.

decompression

Depressurization we gumbi - hhayi njalo futhi, kodwa okwenzeka mkhuba. Uma lokhu kungeke decompression kuqhume, okuholele izindiza ngokoqobo uwela ngaphandle ke ithuba lokusinda ukuphahlazeka kuhle. Inkinga eyinhloko kulesi simo - hypoxia. Kuleso simo, endlwaneni eyakhiwe mpilo buso, okuyinto zitholakala ngenhla kwekhanda umgibeli futhi ukuxosha ngokuzenzakalela uma kudingeka. Njengoba masinyane njengoba they wabonakala, ngokushesha wazigqokisa, akucindezelwe kuphela ngokumelene nobuso. Labo esihambisana izingane, kubalulekile ukucindezela imizwelo engokwemvelo ngabazali kanye zinakekele kuqala. Yebo, kulesi simo kungcono ukukhombisa ukuzazisa enempilo, ngoba uma umuntu omdala ilahlekelwa ukwazi, kuyokusiza izingane namuntu. Ngokushesha kufanele uzilungiselele ukulahlekelwa ngokuzumayo kokuwa - ngokuhambisana iziqondiso zalo, abashayeli bezindiza kuzoncishiswa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuqondene nazo zonke ezinye, futhi, kufanele sihlale sizolile bese ulandela yonke imiyalelo kusukela gumbi.

Kulesi futhi kunjalo langaphambilini, cababa kanzima futhi kuyadingeka wesabe umlilo lentuthu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kuqala, Kumelwe wehlele phansi ngokusemandleni futhi ukuvikela umgudu wokuphefumula, futhi okwesibili, ukumboza ngengubo yokulala noma izingubo awugqinsi, ukubaleka i umlilo evulekile, futhi okwesithathu, belibangise iyiphi ophumayo eziphuthumayo, ukuzama ukuze agweme izixuku futhi umsindo . Izindaba abasindé kule ngozi, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-Pago Pago ngo-1974, kulula ukuze achaze indlela ayebathanda. abagibeli 97 bakwazi ngokushesha baphume umkhumbi evutha, zizama ukuhamba ngokusebenzisa wangaphambili, lapho abasindile ezine kwabangcwele lucky kuqeda esikhundleni.

Kuthathwa izindiza

Ngenxa yemizamo yabo bonke amazwe yokulwa nobuphekula lesi simo kungenziwa ngokuthi mancane kakhulu amathuba. Kodwa kungcono ukwazi ukuthi benzeni kulesi simo. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, liziphathe kufanele kube mayelana efanayo kunoma iyiphi enye kalowo kuthathwe - indiza akahlukile ngokuyinhloko. Njengoba kunjalo kubo bonke abanye we eziphuthumayo kuchaziwe, kufanele sizame ukuba silondoloze ukuthula konke okusemandleni. Uma, ngesikhathi u kwale moto umuntu elimele, kudingeka umsize, hhayi eneka ngokwabo ukuba ingozi. Akubalulekile ukuba kumkhathaze amaphekula ubudlova ngokweqile, wahlambalaza aklabalase noma ngezwi elikhulu. ukunyakaza Ayikho okuzumayo ukumelana, ikakhulukazi uma akukho amakhono adingekayo. Lapho kalowo ukuthatha izingxoxo cishe ngokushesha baqala okuhloswe ngaso ukukhululwa kwabo. Uma behluleka esikhathini esithile iqala ukuhlasela. Futhi nangu into bayiziphukuphuku ongayenza - liwele phansi, uvale emehlo, izindlebe, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba kubalekeleni abaduni. abantu abaqeqeshiwe ukubhekana ne neutralization zamaphekula ingcono kakhulu izakhamuzi elula, futhi kwezinye izimo ngabashumayeza ubuncane izisulu kamuva bakwazi ukusitshela ukuthi ukusinda kuphahlazeka indiza. Ultrasound Scanner, umshini-X-ray, izinhlelo ezikhethekile ukusiza ukhetha abagibeli ikakhulukazi osolisayo kwamabhuku ekhethekile - ubuchwepheshe obusha futhi ukuba alwe ubuphekula.

emanzini

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kwabathile ngaphambilini okuye kwashiwo cababa kanzima, kulesi simo, kufanele sikhumbule uwumnikazi wenkampani ekhethekile agcinwe ngaphansi kwesihlalo ngamunye. Ngokusho iqembu iqembu noma cha, uma kuba sobala ukuthi ukufika senzeka amanzi, kudingeka uthole walibeka phezu. Ngemva kwalokho, kumelwe ushiya gumbi ngokusebenzisa kweminyango eziphuthumayo zitholakala emaphikweni. Akubalulekile gxuma, uma umshushuluzo oluphuthumayo hhayi efakwe - ukuphakama azungeze 3 metres. Kuyadingeka ukuba ulethe ivesti endaweni kanye slide ngesisu izinyawo zakhe kuqala emanzini. Lokhu kulandelwa elinde usizo futhi uzame ukuhambisa. Vest silondoloza kusuka aminzisa kodwa hypothermia, akakwazi akhulule. Ngo-2009, iyithuluzi wasiza umgibeli oneminyaka engu-13 ubudala abahambisi bosizo ukulinda ukufika lapho wathatha cishe amahora angu-14.

mayelana abasindile

Man - isidalwa amathuba amazing. Lapho izimo zinzima ngokwedlulele, eziningi abantu izimangaliso wamandla, ukukhuthazela, ukukhalipha. Othile usanda emangalisayo lucky, futhi othile ukulondolozwa ngenxa yokuthi yonke into yenziwe kahle. Kube ezwakale izibonelo ezimbalwa ezibonisa indlela abantu baziphathe, abasindile kuphahlazeka indiza. Kodwa kuwufanele ukukhuluma ambalwa.

Kunzima 'ukungakhathazeki kokukhumbula abadumile Vesna Vulovic, owayenganikela ukusitshela ukuthi ukusinda kuphahlazeka indiza ekwindla kusuka ukuphakama 10,000 amamitha. Ungase uthi ukuthi kwaba lucky: esikhathini yengozi yena ngaquleka lapho ngomsila izindiza, ukuwa lwentiwe izihlahla lezidumbu nabanye abagibeli, kodwa namanje it is ngokushesha okukhulu wathola, ukuze ngaphakathi spite of ukulimala kabi kanye nokuvuselelwa eside, wakwazi ukubuyela esimweni esivamile ukuphila ngemva ngemva kwale nhlekelele iminyaka 1.5. Nokho, ukunqabela wakhe isithakazelo sokuphila kanye isibindi engenakwenzeka.

Yiqiniso, kwakukhona abasindile ukuphahlazeka komoya eRussia nase-USSR, ababezibonakalise beyiziqhawe zangempela. Isibonelo esinjalo - uLarisa Savitskaya, obambe irekhodi ngaphambi kweVulovich. Indaba yakhe ngokuthi abantu basinda kanjani ekushayweni komoya kufanelekile ukunakwa. Ehlobo lika-1981, yena nomyeni wakhe bavele bebuya ohambweni lomshado lapho umgibeli womgibeli ehambisana nezindiza zempi. Amalungu abasebenzi abulawe cishe masinyane, indiza yawa, futhi izidumbu zaqala ukuwa phansi. Ngesikhathi sengozi, uLarisa waphaphama emthonjeni wokushisa nokushisa. Amaminithi angu-8 athatha ukuwa kwe-wreckage ayekuyo, waze wafika e-birch grove, elula ukufika. Kwaphela amahora ambalwa intombazane yahlala ingazi lutho, futhi lapho evuka, wathola isidumbu somyeni wakhe eceleni kwakhe. Kutholakale izinsuku ezingu-2 kamuva, lapho abahlengikazi bengasenathemba ukuthola okuphilayo. Ngendlela, njengoba uLarissa avumile, ngezinye izikhathi wayekhumbula isiqephu se-movie ethi "Izimangaliso zenzeka," lapho intombazane igcinwa khona ngokuzicindezela ngokumelene nesitulo sezihlalo, ngisho nangaphandle kokugxila kuso.

Ngendlela, le filimu ithathwe endabeni yenye intombazane eyayingatshela ukuthi singaphila kanjani ukushayeka kwezindiza futhi sifinyelele kubantu ehlathini. UJuliana Kepke, oneminyaka engu-17 ubudala, wagijima nomama wakhe ngamaholide kaKhisimusi kubaba wakhe, kodwa le ndege yayingahlosiwe ukuphela ngokuphepha. Kusukela ekuphakameni kwamakhilomitha amathathu indiza yawela ekujuleni kwehlathi ngemva kokuwela emaphiko alo nomlilo. Phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-9 ezilandelayo, intombazane, ixhomeke ekufundeni kwamahlathi ashisayo ayitholwa nguyise, ezama ukuzama ukufinyelela kubantu, futhi waphumelela. Nguye kuphela owasinda.

Ngakho, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, impendulo yombuzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba usinde ngokushayeka kwezindiza, inhle. Kunezibonelo eziningi zombili ukusindiswa okuyisimangaliso nemiphumela ephumelelayo ngokusebenzisa izenzo ezifanele ezifanele. Ngakho-ke ungayigodli imiyalo evusa imizwa - iyabangela impilo yomuntu.