Haloperidol: Ukufundiswa Izixwayiso

Isihloko cwaningo kulesi sihloko umuthi "Haloperidol", isiqondiso lapho impahla esithathwayo njengesisekelo.

Haloperidol (Haloperidol), Haloperidol Decanoate (ahamba), haloperidol lehla - kude ukulungiselela enamandla kakhulu ingqondo we spectrum ebanzi senzo. Anakho yobudala zokuhlonipha emlandweni ekwelapheni izifo olunzima sezifo zengqondo zezinzwa - iminyaka engu-55 (futhi yahlolwa kule nkampani Belgian "Janssen Pharmaceutica" ngo-1957).

Into libhekisela eqenjini antipsychotics noma neuroleptics. Ngakho lalibizwa kuze ku kwemithi pharmaceutics 1990 awavelanga neuroleptics (antipsychotic) we isizukulwane esisha. Ngemva kwalokho Haloperidol nabizelwa antipsychotic ejwayelekile (TN) noma antipsychotic ejwayelekile (TA). isizukulwane esisha izidakamizwa (isib, quetiapine, olanzapine, kanye nabanye.) abizwa ngokuthi antipsychotics atypical (AN) noma antipsychotics atypical (AA). Umehluko phakathi izizukulwane le mithi kuyinto ukubaluleka Yokuvukela imithi mhlawumbe. Kubalulekile ukuqonda Haloperidol kanjani yingozi. Imiphumela engemihle ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi uye izifo ezengeziwe ezidinga ukwelashwa ehlukile.

Ezinye AA (Seroquel), le miphumela emibi ungazange esatholakele.

Haloperidol, isiqondiso lapho kubhekwa kule iphepha, ngempela ibanga elikhulu imisebenzi. Kwanele uhlu sezifo ziphathwa nokusebenza kwayo ukuthi kwaba sobala ukubaluleka ukuthi unakho zokwelapha.

Haloperidol isetshenziswa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Lengqondo excitation Lokudabuka ezahlukene: mania (overexcitation zinezincazelo zokugcwaliseka yokuziphatha eyingozi) Ezimweni retardation engqondo (retardation engqondo), ubuntu disorder (yezifo cognition nokuziphatha), ukusangana (olusindayo eyaziwa isifo sengqondo), ukusebenzisa uphuzo ngokweqile ezingamahlalakhona;
• iziyaluyalu kokudumazeka (ukungakwazi ukuhlukanisa real kusuka emhlabeni ngamehlo engqondo ngokoqobo);
• disorder hallucinatory (inkolelo ngokuphelele sokuzwa kokudumazeka noma izenzakalo okubonakalayo ngokoqobo, okuyinto alikho ngempela);
• Tourette Syndrome ukubonakaliswa (ukudikiza unyakazise imisipha yobuso, Ukucifa okungalindelekile, obuhlinayo sostraivanie, inhlamba ongalawuleki);
• Ukubonakaliswa chorea Huntington sika (ukuhlukumeza esindayo futhi iyingozi ukunyakaza kuze ukulahlekelwa ephelele ukubambisana, engelapheki ukuhlanekezela kancane kancane inkulumo futhi ukucabanga, ubuchopho okuqhubekayo ukufa; esikhathini esizayo - Ukusula ephelele ungubani futhi Ukuntuleka motor imisebenzi, isifo esingalapheki - kungaba ingxenye kuphela ekuqedeni ukuhlupheka kwalaba isiguli, e Ezimweni eziningi ukuqeda ukufa isiguli);
• Ukubonakaliswa iziyaluyalu zengqondo (ezingavikelekile wachaza ezintsha zixhunyaniswa ngokusesidlangalaleni kuphrofayeli ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo idluliselwe - akukho ukugula ngengqondo, kodwa futhi alichazi ngokugcwele kugula ngokwengqondo kungabalwa lamanje);
• Ukubonakaliswa ezibangela ukuziphatha okuyinqaba ezinganeni ezigulini esezikhulile;
• Ukubonakaliswa amalimi;
• Ukubonakaliswa esitebeleni futhi esimeme ukuhlanza hiccups, ukungayeki nezinye izindlela zokwelashwa.
• Ukuze ezihlukahlukene izidakamizwa "Haloperidol Decanoate" - ukwelashwa bangisekela lapho izimpawu of sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Haloperidol - side effects

Yiziphi imiphumela emibi haloperidol has? Umhlahlandlela liyakhuluma ngokuphela lokhu ukuzwakala kakhulu.

Imiphumela isimiso sezinzwa futhi izitho sezinzwa:

• Phenomena akathisia (ukungahlaliseki);
• Phenomenon dystonic iziyaluyalu extrapyramidal (spasm of ebusweni, entanyeni imisipha emuva, ukunyakaza, tics, ukudikiza, ubuthakathaka nemilenze);
• I izenzakalo of Parkinson iziyaluyalu extrapyramidal (nge nobunzima ngenkathi ukhuluma lapho uvuleka, a "maskoobraznym ubuso" - emphethweni muscle isikhumba esehlelembe, isimo sobuso ayifani imizwa nge mmangalelwa, izandla neminwe - eliqhaqhazelayo (shaking);
• Lo mkhuba ikhanda, ngokuvamile verging phezu babulawa;
• Insomnia mkhuba;
• I izenzakalo of ukozela (mhlawumbe ngisho alternation ukozela nokuqwasha);
• I izenzakalo of ukukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka, injabulo, ukuyaluza (umuzwa);
• Phenomenon yenjabulo (isimo ngamabomu zenjabulo okungenamsoco futhi kunalokho eside - kulesi simo isiguli engazizwa ujabule);
• I imihlola zokucindezeleka (isimo abangenangqondo zokucindezeleka, ngokuvamile - inzondo ekuphileni kanye nesifiso afe);
• I izenzakalo of ukucobeka (isimo "ukufa sobala" - yonke imisebenzi yomzimba ulingisa ukufa by unomphela zonke imisebenzi ebalulekile phinda);
• Isifo sokuwa (Ukudlikizela nge ukulahlekelwa isifo ngiqaphele);
• I izenzakalo of ukudideka;
• Cases exacerbation (eziya ziba zimbi, eziya ziba zimbi) sengqondo;
• Amacala ukusangana;
• Lo mkhuba dyskinesia tardive (bheka "ngokuqapha edingekayo".);
• Amacala ukwephulwa of acuity ezibukwayo, lo mkhuba ngwengwezi (ingaphazamisi lens esweni), lo mkhuba retinopathy (ngwengwzi semithambo isifo samehlo).

Isenzo ku esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, izinqubo hematopoiesis:

• I tachycardia mkhuba (kwenhliziyo);
• Cases nomfutho wegazi ophezulu / hypotension (wegazi ophakeme noma ophansi ingcindezi);
• Amacala ventricular arrhythmia (ukuphazamiseka amabhithi inhliziyo isigqi);
• Isithombe eshintsha phezu ECG (electrocardiogram nenhliziyo embi);
• Amacala nokufa ngokungalindelekile kwesihlobo umsuka zenhliziyo;
• Cases leukocytosis lezivakashi futhi leukopenia (zincishiswe noma ukwanda kwenani amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, wathi buthakathaka izakhiwo okuvikela umzimba, ingozi yomdlavuza igazi);
• erythropenia mkhuba (ukwehla kwenani abomvu egazi, uthi yokushodelwa umoya egazini, ingozi yomdlavuza igazi);
• Amacala anemiya (yokuntuleka kwegazi elithwala umoya-mpilo, futhi ukhuluma ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo emzimbeni, kuyingozi yokubakhona izinqubo ukuvuvukala);
• agranulocytosis mkhuba (ukwehla kwenani granulocytes - egazi luyimbudumbudu obhekene ukuvikela umzimba ezifweni, ukuvuvukala esindayo eziyingozi, okulinganisela ingozi - nesenzakalo umdlavuza wegazi).

Isenzo umgudu wokuphefumula:

• laryngospasm mkhuba (ukugwinya futhi inkulumo);
• Lo mkhuba bronchospasm (iphika - kokubili somoya).

Isenzo ku pheshana emathunjini

• Cases anorexia (ukwenqaba noma yimuphi ukudla ngokusebenzisa ukuhlanza, ukukhathala yingozi ngisho nokufa ngenxa yendlala);
• Cases ukuqunjelwa kanye nesifo sohudo,
• Phenomena nokugxaza amathe (engami okungenamsoco ngamathe ukugeleza);
• Ezimweni Neukratimoy ka isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• Ukuphulwa isibindi;
• Lo mkhuba jaundice obstructive (ukuvaleka mechanical of the Amapayipi Bile).

Effect ohlelweni genitourinary

• nezindlala mammary - a engorgement mkhuba (coarsening);
• Cases uketshezi atypical (osenyameni engavamile) ubisi;
• I mastalgia mkhuba (ubuhlungu webele);
• Lo mkhuba gynecomastia (kwenyuke webele nezindlala ezingabantu);
• Siyabhubha umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini;
• Phenomena nokugcinwa urinary;
• Cases yokungabi namandla;
• Cases oludlulele libido okuthuthukayo;
• Amacala priapism (nokunwetshiwe ukwakhiwa ngaphandle kwesizathu).

Isenzo isikhumba

• Amacala izinguquko isikhumba: maculopapular (ukuqubuka, ehlanganisa izindawo kanye isikhumba awalethe) kanye akneobraznyh (ukuqubuka, ehlanganisa induna, induna);
• Lo mkhuba photosensitivity (ukuvuvukala ezinzima kwesikhumba lapho zihlatshwa ukukhanya);
• Amacala Alopecia (nezinwele).

Okunye imiphumela emibi

• Lo mkhuba neuroleptic syndrome abulalayo (izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngenhla 40 degrees, ukujuluka ahlukaniswe, kunciphisa ingcindezi isuka umchamo yezimo abhekene, imisipha "ndikindiki", ngaquleka, ikhoma kwenzeka ukufana izizathu isimo bengayiqondi, akukho ukwelapha athuthukile ukufa kungenzeka ..);
• Amacala hyperprolactinemia (ngokweqile i-hormone prolactin - imbangela ukungazali kanye ukumisa ekuqaleni zokwehlukaniswa);
• Mkhuba Hyperglycemia (kashukela high blood) futhi kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela (kashukela ongaphakeme);
• Cases hyponatremia (ongaphakeme sodium okuqukethwe egazini kuyingozi edema ubuchopho).

Iziguli, naphezu khona Izimo, haloperidol, imindeni yabo kufanele ukuxoxa ngalesi simo nodokotela wakho futhi ucele uya khona esikhundleni, uma kungenzeka.

A ukuqaphela okudingekayo haloperidol

Esikhathini Inkambo yokwelashwa yembula Amathrendi ezilandelayo eziyingozi:

• ezigulini esezikhulile abanale sengqondo elihlobene ne komqondo (senile ukukhohlwa) basengozini. Babebona ngokwempilo yangenyama owengeziwe. Isizathu cishe bayoba nezinkinga emkhakheni izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi - izimpawu yinhliziyo, ukufa okuzumayo, inyumoniya. antipsychotics atypical, nakho ezimweni eziningi kukhona haloperidol ephephile, kulesi simo, ukunikeza isithombe efanayo ingozi ukuthi TA.
• Amacala dyskinesia tardive ngemva kwesikhathi eside noma kuhoxiswe lokho izidakamizwa (okungalindelekile hambisa Rhythmic ulimi, ubuso, umlomo kanye nemihlathi - ezifana nolimi ezinkulu, izihlathi ulele, izindebe zakhe liyoshwabana, kukhona lo mkhuba engalawuliwe ukuhlafuna ukunyakaza, ukunyakaza okungalindelekile we izitho zomzimba isiqu). Iziguli nge engelapheki dyskinesia tardive. Idinga ekususweni izidakamizwa.
• Amacala extrapyramidal iziyaluyalu (bheka. "Ukungaphathwa kahle imithi emzimbeni")
• Amacala kwezinso inhliziyo, kuhlanganise entailing okungazelelwe ukufa inhliziyo.

Uhlu side effects kanye izingozi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa haloperidol kwembula inkinga enkulu ehlotshaniswa ne ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa. Haloperidol kuyingozi kakhulu. Odokotela ukuyisebenzisa umkhuba jikelele (ikakhulu e wezifo zengqondo), kukhona lokuzikhethela kanzima. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba aphathe izifo ngenhla kuze kube muva nje kwakungenakwenzeka ngaphandle haloperidol. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusetshenziswa kwalo kudinga ngokucophelela okukhulu futhi udokotela ukulungela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuze uqale ukwelashwa eyengeziwe, kulokhu ngokumelene izimpawu okungafunwa futhi syndromes, onikeza uqobo Haloperidol. imibiko Manual: at ingozi yokuba nemiphumela engemihle zomuthi kufanele ukhansele. Kodwa iningi lama-izimo lokhu akunakwenzeka, njengoba ukuqedwa kuzoholela exacerbation lesi sifo ecashile.

Isixazululo ngokwengxenye le nkinga AA inikezwe - ikakhulukazi, Seroquel (quetiapine), okwakuqabukela ukubonwa iziyaluyalu extrapyramidal kanye dyskinesia, futhi umphumela oqabulayo ambalwa amakhono aphakeme haloperidol. Nokho, ukusho ukuthi AA nakanjani kangcono TA namanje zakuqala kakhulu - ezidingekayo ukuze uqhubeke ucwaningo lwezempilo nokubona esisebenzayo.