Incwadi "Ubuciko Umbala" Itten Iohannes: incazelo, okuqukethwe kanye nokubuyekeza

Itten Iohannes - umculi Swiss, umcwaningi umbala art. Kuyinto uthisha ehamba phambili ezweni elidume "Bauhaus". Johannes wazalwa ngo-1888 futhi wafa ngo-1967 Lo muntu connoisseur yezitayela zakudala futhi zanamuhla art Europe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, anakho ngobuchule ifilosofi Indian kanye Chinese namasiko. Incwadi "Ubuciko Umbala" kwalotshwa ngesisekelo kokuma umdwebi sika ezinemibala zemvelo nezinto zobuciko ukulandelana kwamakhosi ezizwe ezihlukahlukene. Incwadi zezikhali imithetho umbala Ngokuphambene, ukuvumelana kanye nomklamo. Kuhloswe ukuba bandise HORIZONS futhi ukuthola ulwazi olusha, imibono, abaculi, abaklami abaklami.

Ukubaluleka incwadi

Itten kubhekwe emlandweni kwamasiko kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, ummeleli ngobukhulu we izinto phakathi abaculi kanye abaklami. Esikhathini abadumile igama Bauhaus Iohannesa Ittena ifakwe ohlwini belingana Gropius, Ludwig Mies van der rohe, Kandinsky, Klee, nezinye abaculi avant-garde. Incwadi "Ubuciko Umbala" (Itten) - isipiliyoni eside izifundo kombhali siqu, ezinkulumo zakhe, futhi ezisebenzisekayo. It is Kunikezelwa izinkinga wombala imibala, futhi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa lishicilelwe ngezilimi eziningana (isiJalimane, isiFulentshi, isiNgisi, isiNtaliyane, isi-Japanese, kanye nabanye). Umsebenzi iye yatha- makhulu futhi wafundelwa njengoba yithuluzi ezemfundo izinhlelo izikole art ahlukahlukene emhlabeni wonke. Inzalo yencwadi itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ligcwele kugcinwa ukubonakaliswa engokwemvelo umbala, ukusetshenziswa impahla yayo e amasiko zobuciko.

incazelo

incwadi Aphoristic. Yena lembula ohlelweni umfundi yolwazi esiqondile imibala. Njengoba nje kudalulwe ejwayelekile zonke onobuqambi o-creative ecabanga okuphathelene nokwakheka kwendawo yonke futhi ngokujulile ukwakheka komuntu. Incwadi "Ubuciko Umbala" (Itten) kuyimpumelelo enkulu futhi iyathakazelisa ochwepheshe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ezidinga amakhono, ulwazi professional abaculi, abaklami bamapulani nezinye ubuchwepheshe yokudala. Luphinde ezithakazelisayo kunoma umfundi nentshisekelo ukuvumelana umbala.

okuqukethwe

Okuqukethwe ncwadi ihlanganisa izigaba physics umbala, imiphumela yayo, ukuvumelana, maqondana subjective kuye. Okulandelayo bahlola izici ezakhayo (umbala design), amasondo umbala, izinhlobo umbala kokuqhathanisa (kokuqhathanisa eziyisikhombisa ngombala, ukukhanya nobumnyama, abandayo kanye nemfudumalo, imibala aphelele, Ngokuphambene kanyekanye, ukugcwaliswa, ngoba umbala nezimagqabhagqabha Square) umbala kuhlangana, umbala ibhola, ukuvumelana imibala, amafomu umbala, umbala imiphumela ngekwendzawo. Futhi ekugcineni, incwadi "Ubuciko Umbala" (Itten) iqukethe incazelo inkolelo-mbono yokuziphendukela umbala okuvelayo, umbala isisho kanye nokusungulwa. Umbhali usungule isimiso eliyingqayizivele ukuqeqeshwa abaculi. Waphawula ukuthi kunabantu ngokwanele ngubani banamakhono futhi ufuna ukufunda, kodwa kuze kube kudalulwe ikhono lazo. Ukuze esinjalo, kuba amakhosi esikhathini esizayo, uthando lwakhe lokuhlola amazwe Yiqiniso, yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "Forkurs". Wabeka amagoli amathathu:

• Ukwambula yangaphakathi kanye nekhono yomfundi ukwenza bezibona ngokwaphula kwakhe siqu kufanele asebenze kanjani. Kancane kancane, lo mfundi wakhululwa "nabafileyo" umhlangano futhi waqala ukwakha ngokukhululekile.
• Kususelwa okuthandwa isakhiwo izinto, sisiza abafundi ukuba azimisele enkulu ekukhethweni kuka umsebenzi esikhathini esizayo.
• Yena abajwayelene abafundi eziyisisekelo ukwakheka, bobunjwa nemibala, ngaphandle okuyinto ngeke ibe khona indawo lochwepheshe. Kancane kancane, abafundi bafunde ukucabanga subjectively futhi ngomqondo ovulekile, okwenza kube lula ukwenza izinqumo ezifanele ukuze kwakhiwe imisebenzi yabo.

impendulo ejwayelekile

Ngemva kokutadisha incwadi, abafundi abaningi baye Kunconywa ke ukufunda kwabanye abantu. Akakwazi angasondeli, endaweni ethile eshalofini, noma ukufunda wezincwadi, ayitholakalanga izinsiza Inthanethi. Incwadi "Ubuciko Umbala" (Itten) inamakhasi eyikhulu namashumi kuphela. Kunconywa kabusha ufunde ngokuphindaphindiwe, uma ufuna ukwazi umbala. Mayelana nebhuku ukukhuluma, njengoba ngesisekelo lonke ulwazi imayelana bezibona umbala tsvetoperachi. Exoxa ukuphila. Le ncwadi ichaza imithetho adonsela phansi umbala. It has a whiff sokuphelela elula. Ngakho ukukhuluma mayelana abafundi ncwadi.

incwadi Philosophy

Umhlaba ngaphandle umbala efile: njengoba ilangabi ukhiqiza ukukhanya, ukhiqiza umbala. Njengoba buviyoviyo eboleka mazwi yombala olukhulunywa, ngakho umbala unika ngendlela engokomoya. Harmony - lokhu ukulinganisela, wesimethri amabutho. Akukhona nje ukuthi imfundiso yokuziphendukela imibala, ngisho psychoanalyst yakhe umculi nesithakazelo futhi uthisha Johannes Itten. "Ubuciko Umbala" - isitatimende wayo imibono yombhali, ayesetshenziselwa ekuthuthukiseni umbala theory kanye nokusungulwa mayelana umbala. Itten aphakanyisiwe imibala nambili, isondo umbala , nombala kokuqhathanisa eziyisikhombisa, futhi kubhekwe umbala kwengqondo ohlangothini ngokomzwelo zalolu daba.

Isicelo yolwazi, onikeza incwadi "Ubuciko Umbala"

Johannes Itten emsebenzini wabo Ngazibekela umgomo wokulifunda imibono ngendima futhi umsebenzi umbala, eyayibonakala kanzulu ithuthukiswe isakhiwo lo mdwebo. Zingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ulwazimagama ezibukwayo futhi asebenzise esimeningcondvo isithombe umbala. Ukuze abantu behileleka izithombe kwezobuciko iyoba njengoba ulwazi ewusizo, zanikela Johannes Itten. "Ubuciko Umbala" - liyinqolobane imiyalelo kubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukwakha ukuzwela umbala umbala ngokuvumelana ezithombeni. Lapha sichaza ubudlelwane ezibukwayo phakathi imibala kanye nesakhiwo. Lezi zincazelo ongakhonza njengesisekelo kwengoma. Itten ungungqondongqondo umbala. Incwadi isivele ikhona futhi itafula intando izinkulungwane zabantu abenza ibalulekile isihloko.

Yesimanjemanje kanye romanticism e

Umsebenzi, eyabhalwa Itten (Ubuciko Color) - ibhuku isipiliyoni subjective futhi indlela inhloso lokulungisiswa umbala, modernist ehlanganisiwe isayensi romantic of alchemy. ishadi elikhulu umbala, izinguquko isondo umbala, imishayo kokuthona ophumile therefrom kanye nezinye izinhlelo ezichaza izindlela eziningi ukuze ushintshe umbala ngokuxuba futhi afanayo. Ukudala kokuqhathanisa - kuba iphuzu eliyinhloko, elichazwa encwadini yakhe Johannes Itten. Ubuciko umbala - kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba baqonde theory ukuze udale ikholaji, umbala olinganise izakhiwo ezahlukene, njll

izincwadi ezimbili ezibalulekile

Njengoba umlobi ngokwakhe wabhala izincwadi wayezama ukudala "inqola" eyayizosiza ubani onentshisekelo izinkinga yobuciko koloristki. Ngokubona kwakhe, kungenzeka ukuhamba ngaphandle inqola endleleni, kodwa ke ukunyakaza kuyoba kancane futhi eligcwele izingozi. Ngakho-ke, ngifisa ukuba afinyelele nemigomo elikude, kuyinto efiselekayo uqale imoto ukuthi uzokunika ikhono ngokushesha futhi ngokuqiniseka ukuhambisa endaweni efanele. Ngenxa yalokho, izincwadi ezilotshiwe: Johannes Itten "Ubuciko Umbala / ukuma." Labo abazazisayo ulwazi futhi ufuna ukuthola kubo kule ndawo - misebenzi ezimbili kunconywa kakhulu ukufunda nokutadisha.

"Amafomu Art" futhi libhekisela izincwadi zakudala zokufundisa. Lisitshela Itten abaculi izisekelo umsebenzi professional: yini isigqi, nokugqamisa imigomo compositional, lembula indima ukuthungwa kanye ukuma impahla, kuyasiza ukufunda ukubona futhi ulithumele izithombe lezinto, izikhonzi themes ezahlukene, lifundisa kombala kokuqhathanisa, nokunye okuningi.

Zombili lezi zincwadi kahle imibhalo anemidwebo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lisebenzisa inani elikhulu imisebenzi umfundi eyabhalwa abafundi bakhe, abaningi babo baba amakhosi kamuva owaziwa of izikebhe zabo.

Theoretician futhi uthisha Itten Iohannes

Ubuciko Umbala (yonke umbhalo incwadi itholakala mahhala kwi-inthanethi) - ibhuku ngebuciko, okuyinto oluphakeme esifushane futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ivolumu, is ehlelekile ebekwe izincwadi ezidingekayo kakhulu ukufunda kahle umbala. Weza udumo emhlabeni wonke Itten, njengoba kwakunjalo zemfundo ukuqeqeshwa ithuluzi lokuqala ngesikhathi Bauhaus. Johannes ifunda ukulalela izwi elingaphakathi, futhi uyazicabangela abafundi bakhe engcono owafunda ubuciko umuzwa nokudalwa kule ngesisekelo umsebenzi wabo. Kunzima overestimate abafundi amakhosi usumisiwe ukubaluleka esesikhundleni incwadi (Johannes Itten "Ubuciko Umbala"). Uhlolojikelele ukubuyekezwa kanye nokubuyekeza likwenza kucace ukuthi theoretician futhi uthisha Itten ukuletha ekuphileni ngamunye abafundi bayo upende entsha, ama-discovery amasha, nelwati lolusha ugqozi ngobuciko ukudala yobuciko eliyingqayizivele lobuciko kunoma yimuphi umkhakha: kwezobuciko, ukuklanywa kwezakhiwo, izithombe kanye nomklamo.