Impahla Common elingaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala - Iyini? Nokugcinwa nokulungiswa impahla ezivamile ezindlini

Emafulethini abe indawo enkulu, ezihlobene impahla ezivamile. Yiziphi imininingwane bezisebenzisa? Kanjani izakhamuzi ukwenza izinqumo ezihlobene okuqukethwe jikelele isakhiwo impahla?

Asho impahla ezivamile endlini?

Ngokuhambisana izenzo zomthetho yokutholwa Russian Federation, impahla ezivamile indlu efulethini - yokwabelana isisetshenziswa abanikazi zokuhlala, elise impahla. izakhi eziyisisekelo ingqalasizinda kungenzeka okwethulwa anhlobonhlobo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu igumbi, okuyinto awafaki efulethini, kanye:

- esetshenziswa ukusevisa amakamelo amaningana endlini izinto;

- lihlala;

- ngamakheshi;

- imihubhe;

- attics;

- izibuya lobuchwepheshe kanye ezindlini;

- Izinsiza ahlukahlukene;

- ophahleni;

- design, enza befaka eziveza umsebenzi;

- izinhlobo ezahlukene imishini, etholakala endlini ngaphandle ezindlini;

- isiza lapho indlu, izitshalo ukuthi yatshalwa kuso, wasibeka izakhi ngcono.

Izenzo zomthetho main olawula ubudlelwane zomthetho kulo mkhakha, - Ezezindlu Ikhodi, kanye umyalo kahulumeni kusukela 13.08.2006 № 491. Ngokuvamile, kufanele ubheke amalungiselelo Code Ezezindlu. Ezindabeni izinto okuhambisanayo ukuba ufunde akushilo kokuba isinqumo sikahulumeni. impahla Common elingaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala libhekene inqwaba umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama ngokuya ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuqukethwe.

Ake sifunde bona.

Izici kokusebenzisa izinsiza obschedomovyh

Abanikazi izindawo abafanele ukuzisebenzisa ngokuhambisana imithetho yase-Russian Federation. Shintsha ukubaluleka impahla ezivamile ekhaya kungenzeka kuphela ngenkululeko kuzo zonke abanikazi lokhu ingqalasizinda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudluliselwa kungenzeka kwezakhiwo ezifanele impahla nabanye abantu. Into esemqoka ukuthi ukuqaliswa ubuhlobo obunjalo labo lokuhlangabezana nenqubo - impahla ezivamile abanikazi izakhiwo indlu efulethini bangaya ukusetshenziswa kuphela uma le nqubo akwephuli amalungelo nezithakazelo izakhamuzi kanye nezinhlangano.

Iziza lapho izakhiwo zokuhlala, angadluliselwa ukusetshenziswa elinganiselwe sabanye abantu. Uma ngaphambi ukuthi kushaywe umthetho olawula ukusetshenziswa endlini ezivamile imithombo, iziza idatha ibisetshenziswa ubani, ukufinyelela kubo ngako akusoze kwaphikwa. encumbrance okusha into kunqunywa ngokuhambisana nesivumelwano phakathi abanikazi efulethini futhi umuntu uya usebenzise isayithi. Yiziphi izingxabano ngaphansi kwale ubudlelwano ziyaxazululwa enkantolo.

Izici nokugcinwa ezivamile endlini izindawo

Manje ukufunda indlela okufanele kwenziwe nokugcinwa impahla ezivamile elingaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala.

Ngokuhambisana nemithetho ye Russian Federation emkhakheni umthetho izindlu, abanikazi efulethini athwale izindleko ikhambi yenkinga ndawonye. I share zalezi zindleko ezibangelwa umnikazi ethile, uzimisele okusekelwe bahlanganyela impahla ezivamile ephethwe ngumuntu. Ngisho noma umnikazi efulethini akahlali ke, kumelwe nokho ukhokhe imali ukuze kugcinwe impahla ehlala isenzeka yini endaweni elingaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala. Uma umuntu akasebenzisi ikheshi, isibonelo, ngenxa yokuthi uhlala phansi 1st, kufanele ukhokhele element okuhambisanayo zokuhlala luhlobo ingqalasizinda.

Uhlu ethize imisebenzi ezihlanganisa izinsiza wabelane endlini incike izici indawo yokuhlala ethile, izimo zezulu lapho itholakala. Njengomthetho, ziqukethe:

- amaphephabhuku ukuhlolwa komhiaba, okuyinto eyenziwa abanikazi zokuhlala nezinye izinqumo ukuze kutholakale izinkinga zokwakheka isakhiwo izakhiwo ezifanele;

- ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza izinhlelo kagesi;

- enifeza yokuhlanza kanye nokwelashwa sanitary izindawo, ezweni lapho endlini itholakala;

- udoti udoti elakhiwe ngenxa amafemu ezisebenzisa amakamelo ehlukene endlini;

- ukusetshenziswa Ukuvikelwa izinyathelo umlilo olunikezwa umthetho we Russian Federation;

- ukunakekelwa kuthathwe izitshalo, watshala on ezweni, eyakhelene endlini;

- yesondlo engadini izakhi esisogwini indawo abafanele;

- ukuqaliswa yesondlo izindawo, bawaqeqeshe ukusebenzisa ngesikhathi esithile;

- wokuthatha amagadango okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa songa amandla esihamba indlu.

Kungase kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlu imisebenzi ukuthi zakha nokugcinwa nokulungiswa impahla ezivamile ezindlini, akubandakanyi:

- ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza iminyango okuqondene abaqashi behlupha ezindlini - Ingaphakathi nengaphandle, amafasitela;

- ukufudumala balcony;

- esikhundleni izibuko;

- Ukunakekelwa bezwe, abafakiwe impahla ezivamile isakhiwo, kuhlanganise okutshalwe izitshalo kuwo.

Lezi zinkinga ixazululwe ngokuthi abanikazi efulethini.

Imisebenzi esemqoka eyenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka ukusetshenziswa kwempahla evamile, kuhlanganisa ukulungisa. Kungaba yansukuzonke kanye capital. Hlola izici zayo.

Ukulungisa izindawo obschedomovyh

Ukulungiswa kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nesinqumo wemihlangano abanikazi. Yamanje yakhelwe ukuvimbela ukuguga futhi silondoloze ukusebenza izinto okukhulunywa ngakho. ukulungiswa enkulu impahla ezivamile endlini efulethini ihlanganisa ukukhishwa noma ukuvuselelwa izakhi ngazinye ingqalasizinda yokuhlala. Wenza uma umnqamulajuqu izinto ezihlobene.

ukulungiswa yamanje (futhi ezinkulu) kwempahla evamile esakhiweni sokuhlala kungaba kwenziwe yizinkampani ukuphathwa, uma lesi sibopho Kumiswa ngabo abanikazi izinqumo. Ukubamba iqhaza kulezi ubudlelwane zomthetho - sekhono okukhethekile nabanikazi efulethini. Izakhamuzi luqalise okuqukethwe futhi schedule for the ukulungisa kwezinsiza ezivamile endlini.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inkampani ukuphathwa kumele athobele umsebenzi wamanje kanye esiphuthumayo ukuba bagcine ukusebenza izinto, ngisho noma inkontileka ne abanikazi hhayi usethe uhlu ezithile imisebenzi efanele. Abanikazi ezindlini nemali ukuze misebenzi yakha kulungiswe isisekelo impahla ezivamile emafulethini. Cabanga ngokucacile yayo.

Ukusebenzisa isiKhwama jikelele izimali zabanikazi efulethini

Isikhwama embuzweni, ibekwe ku-akhawunti ekhethekile. It ivula udumo wezimali inhlangano, okuyinto has sekhono ukufeza kuthengiselana efanele. Izimali zibekwe akhawunti ehlukile futhi okuqondene abanikazi zokuhlala, wasebenzisa, ngaleyo ndlela injongo kulungiswe izinsiza.

Kumiswa fund ngeminikelo abahlali, kanye nezinhlawulo enqwabelene ku umthamo kwemininingwane ngendlela ebekiwe ngumthetho. Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka accrual yebhange zenzuzo ukwabiwa kwezimali ku-akhawunti ebuzwayo. pool kabusha lizokwabiwa phakathi abanikazi efulethini silingane usayizi iminikelo yabo.

Ubunikazi banoma lezi zimali kungokwalabo umnikazi yokuhlala ethile. Uma umuntu ethengisa ifulethi, ngalesosikhathi it phathelana umthengi njengoba umnikazi amasheya kulungiswe Isikhwama. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izimali ngendlela abanikazi akhawunti ehlukile ingahle ukuzisebenzisa nezinye izinjongo, ngaphandle kulungiswe jikelele izinsiza in-house.

Manje ukufunda indlela izenzakalo aphethwe, lapho abanikazi imithetho komhiaba ezivamile i okuqukethwe esinezindlu eziqashisayo. Sikhuluma umhlangano jikelele abanikazi efulethini.

Umhlangano lomhlangano jikelele abanikazi efulethini: Izici lomcimbi

Umhlangano jikelele we abanikazi izakhiwo zokuhlala ngokuhambisana nemithetho WaseRussia emkhakheni amalungelo nezindlu - main ukulawula indlu. Eqinisweni, kubuye kube umhlangano, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kungenziwa kubhekwe njengento umcimbi. Umhlangano abanikazi ine ajenda kanye kuhilela kumiswa uhlu izinqumo ezithathwe ukuvota.

impahla Common elingaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala - kukhona izinto ukuthi lokhu kuvumelana umphumela womhlangano abanikazi efulethini kungaba:

- kabusha;

- kulekelelwa izindlu ngezinhloso ezehlukene;

- kabusha - kuhlanganise ukusetshenziswa kulungiswe Isikhwama.

izinqumo zingafundwa umhlangano lomhlangano jikelele abanikazi efulethini:

- wokudala kulungiswe Isikhwama;

- lemali yokukhokha ukuze ukulungisa - eliphansi;

- mayelana kukhethwa isakhamuzi, okuzokwenza ukuvula i-akhawunti ekhethekile yesikhwama abafanele futhi afeze ukuthengiselana kule akhawunti;

- ukukhetha yebhange, ezizosebenza zezimali ezihlobene ukukhokhela abanikazi amafulethi ne abanikezeli besevisi okuqukethwe kwezinsiza wabelane;

- kokuthola HOA, Criminal Code noma ezinye abagunyaziwe ukuze afeze kulungiswe credit endlini;

- mayelana nomklamo kwezimali eziqinisekisiwe ekuqalisweni kwalezi kwemali;

- ekusetshenzisweni endlini eseduze umhlaba;

- ukusetshenziswa izinto okuqondene izinsiza wabelane ekhaya yizinkampani zangaphandle - ngokwesibonelo, ngenjongo yokukhangisa;

- kuhlonyiswa kwetinhlangano abantu abathintekayo wokuthi kusayindwe izinkontileka ukusetshenziswa izakhiwo;

- ukwethulwa kolwazi izinhlelo kohlaka nokubambisana nabanikazi efulethini, kanye kwencazelo abantu banelungelo lokusebenzisa izixazululo ezinjalo zobuchwepheshe;

- izindleko okukhuluma ngamalungiselelo ngezimali ezihlobene ne ukusungulwa kwenhlangano iqhaza Criminal Code, HOA noma ezinye kulabo abagunyaziwe;

- choice lokulawula ikhaya izindlela;

- isidingo nokugcinwa impahla.

Masitadishe indlela lapho kungenzeka umhlangano, okukhulunywa ngakho.

Ifomu kanye nenqubo umhlangano abanikazi efulethini

imisebenzi Amakheli kungaba kwenziwe:

- ngesimo ukuvota mathupha - lapho abanikazi abakhona naye mathupha, nixoxe futhi enze izinqumo kuzo;

- by obengekho lokuvota abaqashile - ngendlela ebekiwe ngezenzo zokulawula wezomthetho RF;

- ngefomu okuxubile.

izenzo normative zezomthetho Russian Federation futhi usethe oda umcimbi kubhekwe. Okokuqala, umthetho luthole ukuthi, kangaki kufanele ubambe imihlangano, liqine ngendlela lapho abanikazi ekhaya ukusebenzisa impahla ezivamile esinezindlu eziqashisayo. Kuyinto umbandela kubaluleke kakhulu ngokuya lezinto ukuphathwa kahle elihambisana.

Ngakho, umhlangano okukhulunywa kumelwe nakanjani kwenziwe kanye ngonyaka, ngaphandle uma kungenjalo ebekwe nezinga lendawo eyasungulwa abanikazi efulethini. Ngaphandle inhlangano eyinhloko abanikazi ozakuba izenzakalo okungavamile, ezihlobene ingxoxo izici ezihlukahlukene ukuphathwa ekhaya. Zingase okuqalwe isakhamuzi inani abanikazi efulethini.

Umhlangano Omkhulu ibona abanikazi bangempela esimweni ukugujwa kokuthwasa ikhoramu. Ngaphansi komthetho izindlu we Russian Federation, kufanele kube-50% inani eliphelele amavoti. Uma ikhoramu is hhayi bahlangana - nomunye umhlangano jikelele.

Uma-ke kukhona abanikazi efulethini wanquma ukuletha ngxoxo umbuzo, isibonelo, indlela kufanele kwenziwe ukulungiswa samanje impahla ezivamile esakhiweni sokuhlala, ngendlela engaphezu kwevamile, uyakunikela ngakho ukwazisa abanye abaqashi behlupha ngokusuka ayo ezinsukwini ezingu-10 ngaphambi komhlangano okuhambisanayo . Umuntu udinga ukuthumela ulwazi mayelana umcimbi omakhelwane ngokubhala noma ngokuthumela somhlangano wabanikazi efulethini ngesikhathi zezitsha ekhethekile. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we kumele aqukethe:

- ulwazi Initiator of umhlangano nabanikazi okungavamile;

- Idatha kwifomu lomhlangano;

-Date, indawo kanye nesikhathi umcimbi;

- izimpikiswano eziyinhloko kwi-ajenda yomhlangano abanikazi;

- inqubo lapho kutadishwa abanikazi efulethini ngolwazi okuzocatshangelwa emhlanganweni.

Abanikazi ezindlini ukuthi 10% wamavoti futhi imihlangano ngaphezulu, angafaka isicelo Criminal Code noma HOA ngesicelo ubambela umhlangano jikelele. Lokhu kunxusa okuthinta kumele senziwe ngokubhala futhi zihlanganisa izinkinga kwi-ajenda. Criminal noma HOA zingakapheli izinsuku 45 emva kokuthola idokhumenti, kodwa zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10 ngaphambi komhlangano jikelele kumele azise abafanele abaqashile mcimbi.

lezi zinyathelo kungabuye exhumene ne ingxoxo ezicashile agcwele ukukhanda impahla ezivamile emafulethini noma, isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kulungiswe Isikhwama. Umqalisi zenhlangano abafanele kungaba uqobo inkampani ukuphathwa noma ngokubambisana abanikazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo zifakwe ajenda kungenzeka imibuzo ngokuvamile zitholakala abanikazi ukuhlangana zamakhono amafulethi.

Manje ake sicabangele indlela lapho izinqumo kukhona abanikazi.

Ikakhulukazi le mihlangano esithatha izinqumo ku-abanikazi

Njengoba siphawulile ngenhla, ukuqaliswa imisebenzi ehlobene okuqukethwe izinsiza wabelane endlini, eyenziwa ngesisekelo imiphumela yokuvota emhlanganweni abanikazi efulethini. izinqumo ezifanele zenziwe abanikazi ngokuvamile, ngevoti iningi, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka ukusekelwa two-thirds izakhamuzi udaba oluthile.

Izici bavote emhlanganweni abanikazi ezindlini

It kuyoba usizo sihlole indlela lapho ivoti esithathwayo ngezindaba kwi-ajenda kohlaka emihlanganweni efanele. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuphathelene izinqubo ezifana kulungiswe impahla ezivamile emafulethini noma ukukhokhelwa kwezimali, okuyizinto ukuze isetshenziselwe izinjongo ezifanele. Ukuvota emhlanganweni wabanikazi amafulethi kungenziwa umuntu noma umelwe owenza ngesisekelo amandla ommeli. umnikazi ngamunye has a nenani lamavoti ngokulingana bukhona ubunikazi ukwabelana endlini. Ulwazi mayelana abantu ababamba iqhaza ivoti liyakushunyayelwa ezilotshwe Amaminithi omhlangano abanikazi efulethini.

Imiphumela yokuvota kohlaka umhlangano abanikazi efulethini awashintsheki e protocol, kuyinto Incwadi engokomthetho. ukulungiselela yabo nokusebenzisa amalungiselelo ezikuyo kuhambisana nemiphumela yezomthetho.

Isethulo imiphumela abanikazi umhlangano

Amakhophi Izivumelwano efanele kufanele zethulwe isakhamuzi ogunyaziwe Criminal Code, HOA noma iyiphi enye inhlangano abanekhono ezinsukwini ezingu-10 ngemva komhlangano abanikazi efulethini. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, Criminal Code, HOA nanoma isiphi esinye isakhiwo zingakapheli izinsuku 5 emva kokuthola zokuwabona kumelwe umbiko neziphathimandla zokulawula. Uma ejensi wombuso idatha uthole 2 noma ngaphezulu ohambelana umthombo uhlobo izinyanga 3 elandelanayo, kufanele iqale lapho kuhlolwa unscheduled imisebenzi izakhamuzi 'ezihlobene nokuphathwa yendlu. Ngokwesibonelo - uma abaqashi ukukhuthalele edingida ukuthi iluphi usizo amasevisi okuqukethwe impahla ezivamile imisebenzi isakhiwo sokuhlala lekufanele okuqukethwe izinto ezifanele, iziphathimandla kazwelonke abanekhono Ungahlola kanjani esisemthethweni izenzo izakhamuzi kohlaka ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezinjalo.

Amaminithi omhlangano abanikazi efulethini akufanele ibe izinqumo ezindabeni ukuthi abafakiwe initiators ajenda mcimbi. On umphumela womhlangano wabanikazi efulethini abaqashi bayatshelwa zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10 ngemuva yokubhaliswa idokhumenti efanele. Njengomthetho - ngokuthumela ku zezitsha ekhethekile. Izivumelwano, ukulungisa umhlangano abanikazi efulethini, agcinwa endaweni, enquma abaqashile. abanikazi ukuhlangana yezifiso elawula indlela lapho kumele kusetshenziswe impahla ezivamile elingaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala - umthombo amazinga, amandla zonke izakhamuzi, inqobo nje uma izinkinga ezidingidwa ajenda yomhlangano, babekhona kwekhono le control ekhaya.

Izinqumo ezithathwe abanikazi zokuhlala zibe lomhlangano kungenziwa ukuvusela abanikazi impahla enkantolo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma othile ovela izakhamuzi kungukuthi aneliseke indlela lapho inqubo isicelo sezindleko kwezimali ukulungisa komhiaba ezivamile elingaphansi kwesakhiwo sokuhlala ngaphandle iqhaza lakhe, noma uma kwenzeka ukuthi wavumelana nalokho futhi ukholelwa amalungelo abo adicilelwe. Afake isicelo enkantolo umuntu angathi, ezinyangeni ezingu-6 kusukela ngosuku ukujwayelaniswa ngesinqumo umhlangano abanikazi impahla.

Ngakho, inani impahla abanikazi endlini efulethini ukuthi kusetshenziswe izithakazelo eyisakhamuzi ngamunye. Unegunya leyo miqondo mathupha - emihlanganweni abanikazi efulethini noma izinkantolo.