Imithetho Economic: ubuningi yafuna

Demand - inani lepahla namkha imisebenzi umthengi ilungele ukuthenga ngesikhathi esithile ngoba ngenani elithile. Inani yafuna incike intengo izimpahla noma ukunambitheka, imali, kanye nenani amakhasimende. Isici esiyinhloko ezinomthelela ke, kuyinto intengo. Ubudlelwano phakathi ngevolumu ikhasimende okufunekayo intengo kwezimpahla ibhekelelwa ngomthetho funa. umqondo wakhe wachaza ubuhlobo elandelayo: i-ezibizayo nto, ephansi inani abathengi uzimisele uyithenga, ngokulandelana, ngaphansana nesidingo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, khona nezinye izimo ukuba ubuningi alinganayo ukunyuselwa nge ukwehla kwamanani. Ngakho-ke, phakathi kwalezi izinkomba kanye isethi ezimbi, i lobudlelwano.

Lobu buhlobo alichaza yezizathu ezilandelayo:

Setha inani lentengo eliphezulu kubangela ukwenqena umthengi ukuthi bathenge izimpahla, futhi inciphise inani ukuthenga kwandisa abathengi, okubangela okufunekayo ubuningi ukunyuselwa.

Ukusetshenziswa kuthinta isimiso Umbuso abekelwe emaceleni nokuncipha, okuyinto ebonisa ukuthi yokufuna amayunithi elandelayo umkhiqizo othile uletha ukwaneliseka kancane, futhi uthenge sohlu kungenzeka kuphela uma ukunciphisa intengo.

Umthetho kwezomnotho isidingo alichaza umphumela imali futhi esikhundleni, okukhombisa ukuthi intengo ephansi ivumela umuntu ukuthenga imali enkulu umkhiqizo, futhi akusho ukuthi ukuphika uqobo ukuthengwa neminye imikhiqizo okunye. Zona efanayo esikhundleni umphumela kusho umthengi isifiso sokuba esikhundleni imikhiqizo ezibizayo eshibhile.

Ukushintsha funa Inani

Ngaphezu intengo funa kuthonywa nezinye izinto eziningi:

Okokuqala, ushintsho umthengi ukunambitheka (ukuthandwa impilo kubangela ukwenyuka ukufunwa zemidlalo).

Okwesibili, ushintsho inani abathengi (wehlise wenzalo kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa futhi isidingo imikhiqizo izingane).

Izinguquko lengenako (inhlalakahle kwandisa ukusetshenziswa izithelo nenyama, kuyilapho ekwehliseni ukufunwa okusanhlamvu, amazambane, i-pasta, njll).

Izinguquko kwamanani kwezimpahla namasevisi ahlobene (ukuncishiswa yamanani for air kunciphisa ukufunwa amathikithi kwamanye tinhlobo tetitfutsi).

Ukushintsha ikhasimende okulindelwe (ukubukeka ulwazi ukuthenga incishiswe amazwe amafutha sunflower kuzokwenza ukwanda intengo izimpahla kanye ukunwetshwa funa samanje ibhotela).

Yezinguquko kwinqubomgomo kwezomnotho (ukuncishiswa entela kuholela ngenzuzo anda, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuze ukwanda okufunekayo ukusetshenziswa).

Umthetho wokuthi makukhokhwe, awuqondise unika ukuziphatha nabathengisi futhi abathengi kwezomnotho ukuhlolwa Inhloso eyenza ukubikezela abasabela ngayo izinguquko intengo.

Kodwa, njengoba umkhuba imibukiso, kunezimo - okuhlukile umthetho isidingo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokwandisa intengo yemikhiqizo ebalulekile (inyama, amazambane, usawoti, isinkwa) ukubaluleka ukufunwa kubo liyakhuphuka. Kulokhu, ukwanda funa senziwa mkhuba maqondana ukwanda amanani. Abathengi balinde okwengeziwe ekuthuthukiseni nokukhuphula ukuthenga kwabo mikhiqizo.

Ukuxolela nemithetho yomthetho isidingo uchaza ithonya Giffen. Lokhu Economist isiNgisi, wathola ukuthi ukwehla kwamanani for izimpahla okunethezeka akakubangeli ukwanda ngokufunwa, kodwa kunalokho, kuphakamisa ukwehla yayo. Kwatholakala ukuthi izimpahla ethengwayo hhayi kuphela ngenxa umthengi okusezingeni eliphezulu izakhiwo, kanye ngezindlela eziningi ukukhombisa umuntu isimo okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi ukwehla kwamanani kunciphisa elikhangayo yabo.

Kukhona nomphumela Veblen, owawuthi esikhathini esifushane kuyanda eside e intengo izimpahla kanye nobungako inyuka lesi sikhulu ngolaka. Kulokhu, sikwazi ukukhuluma ukukhuphuka entsha e umthengi okulindele esikhathini esizayo esiseduze intengo izimpahla.