Imikhaza uma ku Rostov esifundeni: incazelo, izinhlobo, isithombe. Ingabe kukhona izibungu encephalitis ku Rostov esifundeni?

Ngo-May 2015 e Rostov esifundeni yaphela umkhaza ukuluma ukufa womuntu, ilungu Russian Railways, isakhamuzi Zimovnikovsky District. Ukuhlale epulazini elikude, usizo lwezokwelapha, waphenduka sekudlule isikhathi eside.

Imikhaza hamba!

Ngo-May 2013th imbangela yokuqala ukufa kwaba umkhaza futhi kwenzeka khona lapha, esikhathini Rostov esifundeni. Ngo-2014, ababili amaqiniso sokufa kusukela acari bite zalotshwa. Imikhaza ku Rostov esifundeni manje amelela buyingozi ngoba ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Okokuqala, ukushisa okungazelele nomthelela ukudalwa izimo ezikahle ukuze kusebenze ekuqaleni we eyisinambuzane. Okwesibili, ukuthi azinayo yini imikhaza, hhayi ngaphandle kosizo indoda wadala zonke izimo yokuzalanisa, nowesifazane ngamunye kungaba amaqanda 1,000 ukuze 17,000. Nokho, inani lokusinda lena.

Izizathu kuhlasela Pridonya

Imfuyo wabhubhisa ndawo. Thousandths Imihlambi izinkomo nelezinkunzi izigidi imvu, wanyathelwa phambi utshani, yemvelo Indawo imikhaza, akukho. Sanitization ezindaweni wenziwa kahle ngenxa yokubiza yaso ephezulu. Konke lokhu kuholela yokuthi imikhaza ku Rostov esifundeni kuhlasela izakhamizi emakhaya abo. Into embi kakhulu wukuthi lezi arachnids eyisinambuzane we ekilasini okubangela YaseCrimea haemorrhagic imfiva, encephalitis, nezinye izifo eziningi ezibulalayo.

Lendzawo-bloodsuckers

11 amacala umkhaza ukulunywa eqoshiwe endaweni, kwaholela ekutheni kube isifo KGL. Imele "Crimean haemorrhagic imfiva." Kuze kube manje, Don eqoshiwe 7 zezintaka bloodsucking izibungu ukuhlasela abantu. Futhi lezi izilwane ezidla ezinye uzizwe kusondela a prokormitelya ezinegazi elifudumele at ibanga 5 amamitha. Basuke ayibakhuthazi kuphela, lapho betholakala khona ezingeni ukuphakama 1 imitha. Zama-izibungu ku Rostov esifundeni amabizo alandelayo ngesiLatini, ezithi: Hyalomma marginatum noN scupense, D. Marginatus futhi R. rossicns, I. ricinus, I. laguri futhi Haem. punctata. Muva nje, ngo-2008 kuphela, sahlangana kuphela amakhophi ambalwa lezi eyisinambuzane igazi-abancela, futhi manje base wanqoba cishe yonke indawo. Incazelo enemininingwane yesayensi uhlobo umphumela ngamunye lapha akwenzi mqondo, zonke zibe izici ezivamile.

Bamphathele izifo ezibulalayo

Imikhaza ku Rostov esifundeni, ikakhulukazi imikhaza kukhona abathwali nenselelo yalezo zifo ezibucayi - ngenhla CHF, Q imfiva, tularemia, futhi kuyingozi kangaka, kwatholakala ukuthi nginesifo kulo nyaka esifundeni izifo zemvelo ebalulekile ezifana isifo saseLyme noma isifo saseLyme. Ikakhulukazi abakhuthele izibungu yesigaba sabasebenzi, Sal, Volgodonsk, Veselovsky futhi Martynovsky District. Endaweni eqoshiwe 900 amacala umkhaza ukuluma umuntu.

Okuvame kakhulu emkhakheni umbono

Ziyini lezi izimuncagazi? Acarologists (isayensi ukuthi etadisha izibungu) echazwe 40,000 yohlobo lwazo, kuhlanganise Ixodes, noma parazitoformnyh, bloodsucking acari ukwazi kancane kuka 650 zilwane. Ngumuphi kubo kukhona izibungu ku Rostov esifundeni? Photo, enamathiselwe ngezansi, kubonisa omunye bloodsuckers ezimatasa. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu okuye kwagadla 43 wesifunda kanye nemizi zesifunda 11, kuyinto D. marginatus, okulula kakhulu ukuzivumelanisa imvelo futhi agent causative izifo ezithathelwanayo, okungukuthi, yena, empeleni - othwala izifo esithathelwanayo kusukela komunye umuntu.

Umsebenzi

A distributor umkhuhlane YaseCrimea, uhlobo HT marginatum, sandile izifunda 40 nemizi 9, nakuba ayengafiki ngakho kudala ukuthi zingatholakala kuphela eningizimu eningizimu-mpumalanga yendawo. Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, wonke bashona ngenxa ukutheleleka CHF yomuntu, nakuba imikhiqizo yezolimo eyisikhombisa ezilotshwe Rostov esifundeni, kungabangela lonke bunch of izifo ezingathi sína kwababhemayo. Isizathu kungaba amagciwane kanye Ukuchotshozwa isikhumba (okungakwazi kwenziwe), futhi nje ngemva kokulunywa umkhaza. Rostov esifundeni, kubika Ministry of Eziphuthumayo kanye Rospotrebnadzor, uhlangabezana ayehlasela lezi eyisinambuzane. Isimo ayingozi kakhulu kangangoba kuthi, naphezu kwezindleko nomsebenzi omkhulu, ukulwa lezi izimuncagazi badedelwa ruble ayizigidi ezingu 11.5. Umgomo - ukucutshungulwa Rostov esifundeni. UMbusi lomunye ruble angu-1.8 million zengezwe.

abathwali encephalitis

Ephendula umbuzo othi "Ingabe encephalitis izibungu ku Rostov esifundeni?" Kungenziwa ngoyebo. Parazitoformnye abathwali encephalitis ezithwalwa, lesi sifo ngokuyinhloko ezithinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, ngaphambili wathola kuphela eningizimu-mpumalanga esifundeni, kodwa muva nje Ezimweni ezimbalwa, kubalwe kuyo. meningoencephalitis asakazwa Ukulunywa ezithwalwa imikhaza, umsebenzi ka okuyinto e May-June, babiza Ixodes ricinus. It is zilwane butholakala Rostov esifundeni. Imikhaza abathwali lolu hlobo, futhi agcina ngokuba neurotropic igciwane of encephalitis ezithwalwa.

igciwane amadamu

Esikhathini igciwane zasendle ukhiphela phakathi pincers kanye ezengeziwe Sebawoti Lesisemkhatsini, okuyizinto izilwane, ngokuyinhloko yenkukhu kanye namagundane. Kodwa igciwane esibulalayo ezitholakala foci anthropurgic (ezindaweni ezigcwele ukulungiswa imisebenzi womuntu). Lapha, amadamu eyengeziwe ngoba kukhona imbuzi nenkomo. Futhi Lingadluliselwa ngokusebenzisa inzalo Iqanda kwalezi zilwane. Abantu bangagcina ngokuzama itheleleke nge ukulunywa akuqede umkhaza esikhumbeni (transmissive indlela) noma ukudluliswa alimentary - lapho umzimba womuntu uthole imikhiqizo zokusetshenziswa ezivela kwezilwane ezinegciwane. Igciwane bazivumelanisa okushisa aphansi, wabhubhisa kalula lapho degrees kakade 70. Thikha yizinambuzane encephalitis ku Rostov esifundeni iyasebenza ikakhulukazi noJuni, kodwa ngo-August no-September siyenzeka ukwanda kwesifo. Lapho igciwane bite ngokushesha ungena igazi. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni kulokhu ihlala amasonto 2-3, lapho udle imikhiqizo elinegciwane - izinsuku 4-7.

kweqembu Creepy izifo

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ngaphezulu izibungu ezihlala Rostov esifundeni, luhlala ukucabangela H. Scupens, RH. Rossicns, I. laguri futhi Haem. Punctata. Lezi imikhaza kukhona causative ejenti salezi zifo.

Elementary Latin incwadi H esihlokweni kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo okuzelwe, lapho lolu hlobo - kulokhu Hyalomma. Zonke izinhlobo lokhu iqeqebana kukhona abathwali CHF. H. Scupens kusakazeke futhi kuyinto yisinanakazana ezilwaneni phakathi nenkathi ebandayo, kusukela ngo-October kuya ku-May. Ziyakwazi abathwali izifo igazi amagciwane kwezilwane, ezifana gemosporidoz. Rhode Haemaphysalis (kithi Haem. Punctata), wavula ngo 1844, ehlanganisa izibungu nge lezi esifushane, lapho adlulisa tularemia, brucellosis, YaseCrimea-Congo oluhambisana nemfiva ngisho nobhubhane abantu. Inisheli mina (I. laguri) kusho ukuthi olwenziwa libhekisela dlinnohobotkovym abangekho abathwali izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane wabantu. Yini imikhaza ku Rostov esifundeni basonta uhlobo lwe okhethwe isihloko e ofeleba RH? Rhipicephalys (e Rostov esifundeni ifomu - Rossicns) - kuyinto izibungu, izithunywa babesiosis, acute esithathelwanayo izilwane nabantu. Okokuqala wathola eYugoslavia ngo-1957.

enye idatha

Acari Ixodidae - iqembu elikhulu eyisinambuzane yisinanakazana. Imikhaza uma ku Rostov esifundeni, incazelo okungaba olunye ulwazi mayelana ubukhulu, kuyingozi kakhulu. Zonke izinhlobo babe idatha elandelayo - ubude Eyeduna - 2.5 mm, usayizi nabesifazane elambile - 3-4 mm (igazi ukusivumela, it is ngakhula ngaphezu kwanoma factor 2-3 futhi kuze kufinyelele 10 mm). Isiteji yentuthuko umkhaza yilezi: amaqanda, isibungu, Nymph, imago (umuntu omdala).

Sikhishwe ingozi izibungu kanye nokudinga okwandayo minyaka yonke isifiso í kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuba imvelo, kukhona isidingo ukwazi imithetho ethile ukuzivikela ezifweni.

Igciwane kakhulu njalo avelayo kule Rostov esifundeni

Isifunda ngokuqhubekayo lalikhona CCHF igciwane. Ngenxa yokuthi loluhlobo sifo esibulalayo, endaweni ke abasengozini, rasmotret kufanele kube ngaphezulu.

Nairovirus umndeni Bunyaviridae - KGL igciwane - a izinga lokufa 10-40%. Abathwali kukhona kokubili izilwane zasendle kanye yasekhaya. Bonke bane ngokusebenzisa lunywa umkhaza, futhi ukutheleleka uhlala egazini ngeviki. Uma esilwaneni ukuluma ezinye izinambuzane, zokuxhumana senzeka "uphawu-tick-isilwane." izinhlobo eziningana amagciwane kungathelela eyisinambuzane CHF, kepha amashaji zako ezisemqoka, njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, kukhona izibungu zinhlobo Hyalomma.

ingozi yokutheleleka

Man ungenwa ezimweni ezimbalwa - ngqo bite, lapho esebenza kwezilwane ezinegciwane yazibulala. Lokhu ingozi ngokuyinhloko ngaleso abantu abenza nemfuyo. Ngezinye izikhathi izifo hospital- atholwe kungukuthi waphawula imithetho esiyisibopho inzalo kwemishini yezokwelapha. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka kumuntu nomuntu - sisondelene iziguli. Lapho igciwane by umkhaza bite CHF bayashintshana ekufukameleni inkathi ihlala izinsuku 3 (kodwa izinsuku amacala ku-9 zalotshwa), kanye nabo igazi elinegciwane noma izicubu - izinsuku 5-6 (esiphezulu 13).

izici isifo

izimpawu zaso zihlanganisa imfiva, ikhanda, futhi zonke izicubu, kulandele ubuhlungu obuhlabayo emhlane kanye okhalweni, kukhona photophobia, palpitations. Bonke zavele. Ubuhlungu emphinjeni kanye isisu esikhundleni ngokushesha kwemizwa kanye isibindi ukukhulisa. Konke lokhu kuhambisana ukuqubuka, kokuvela ngenxa ukopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba kanye evele mucosal yangaphakathi. Izinkomba eziwohlokayo nge ihora ngalinye odlulayo, futhi ngosuku lwesihlanu, isiguli kungenzeka abukhali esingamahlalakhona kwezinso noma yamaphaphu. Ukufa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesonto lokugula yesibili, futhi izimpawu zokusimama avele ngosuku 9-10th. Ukuze ukwelashwa zisebenzisa "Ribavirin" - i zokwenziwa izidakamizwa ngempumelelo. Ukuze uthole iseluleko eningiliziwe ukuthi baziphathe kanjani uma uvakashela izindawo khona cishe ngomnikelo omncane, kanye nohlu lokho asikwazi ukwenziwa sebekubeke futhi yini okudingeka ukuba ukwazi bonke abantu abahlala ezindaweni eziyingozi.