Imidwebo Ilya Kabakov sika Iosifovicha. Umculi Ilya Kabakov: yokudweba "Beetle"

Abaculi ngempela namaSoviet futhi Russian kakhulu owaziwayo West Ilya Kabakov. imidwebo yakhe embukisweni namuhla emazweni amaningi, futhi izindleko njalo ngonyaka siya ngaphezulu. Ukuthandwa wafika enkosini ngemuva kokuphela 1980, lapho efudukela kwamanye amazwe. Ngaphambi ukuthi Kabakov kwaba ayenomkhuba umhlali e-USSR, umthombo oyinhloko wemali iye efanekisa izincwadi zezingane. Imidwebo, owanikhipha udumo nengcebo, wabhalela insizwa, kodwa ukubala ukuqonda umsebenzi wakhe eSoviet Union bahluleka.

Ebuntwaneni futhi intsha

Umculi Ilya Kabakov, laba izithombe zabo namuhla babe abantu abacebe kunabo bonke e emhlabeni, wazalelwa e-Odessa-1933. Lo mndeni waba uyise ezivamile, Iosif Bentsionovich, ubesebenza njengomshayeli umakhenikha, kanye nonina, Bella Yudelevna - ezimali. Lapho Impi YeZwe II iqala, umfana upapa waya phambi, futhi unina, kuthathwe kanye Uzbekistan (Samarkand). Lapha ngo-1943 waqala ukutadisha Umdwebo esikoleni kwezobuciko esebenza lapho bashiye esuka kude impela eLeningrad Isikhungo Painting, Umfanekiso and Architecture. Repin. Kabakov wafunda e Samarkand engu-2. Ngemva kokuphela kwempi ngo-1945 umfana abanamakhono wayiswa School Art eMoscow (MSHSH). Ngemva kokuphothula wakhe, wabhalisa Surikov Institute uMnyango Graphics (wayengumuntu umfundi kusukela ngo-1951 kuya ku-1957).

Ukudala ngaphambi nangemva ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe

Umdwebi abasha wamabhuku lochaza izincwadi ezinyatheliswa "Detgiz" (kamuva ke iqanjwe kabusha "Wezingane nezincwadi zokufunda"), wabambisana ne omagazini "Murzilka", "Funny izithombe", "The Kid". Ngalesi sikhathi, kukhona izithombe lokuqala Kabakova Ili, abhalwe isitayela surrealism nezobuciko abstract. Ngo-1960 yena ijoyina ezinhlwini abaculi, abaphikisi bombuso, futhi indalo yakhe ukuza emibukisweni angaphandle L'Aquila, ngemva kokuba ziye okwethulwa Venice, eLondon Cologne. Ngaphezu imidwebo, emisebenzini kombhali bebelokhu ngenkuthalo ukuze sibonakale ezifakiwe. Okokuqala International Grant Ilya Iosifovich wathola ngo-1987 Ngemva konyaka, umculi waklonyeliswa scholarship Ministry French of Culture, futhi ngo-1989 wathola imali kusukela German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), wenza konke ayengakwenza ukuze Berlin futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ekhaya ayisebenzi .

Ngemva bokungena emhlabeni wonke ukwazi lokho umculi Ilya Kabakov. Imidwebo, izithombe ongawabona kule ncwadi, okwasusa esinamathambo phakathi abalandeli yobuciko wesimanje. Isiqongo wenkazimulo okuyinhloko kwaqala 1990: ngaleso sikhathi wayengasekho eziningi nemibukiso emazweni amaningi. ERussia, umculi waqala ngenkuthalo embukisweni kowezi-2000. E-West namuhla, ummeleli oyinhloko ubuciko amaSoviet nasemakamu Russian kubhekwa Kabakov Ilya Iosifovich. imidwebo yakhe ayebekwe embukisweni "Russia", owawuseHholo -Guggenheim Museum, eduze izithonjana Andreya Rublova, imisebenzi Malevich, Bryullov, Repin. Ngemva kwalokho, igunya umculi nakakhulu anda.

"Shower"

Yini ngakho yabakhanga abathandi art imidwebo Kabakova Ili? Ukuze uqonde lokhu, kudingeka ucabangele imisebenzi eziningana okuyinhloko kusukela izinkathi ezahlukene zokuphila kwakhe. Ngo-1964, uchungechunge imidwebo zaqhuma ngaphanzi esandleni umculi onesihloko esithi "Shower." Ngemva konyaka, lezi zibalo wafika lombukiso Italy, ngenxa yalokho wasuka Ilya Iosifovich ezingqubuzana kakhulu nge lokuphikisana neziphathimandla zamaSoviet. Izithombe ukuboniswa nombhali umuntu emi eshaweni, luhlala ezomile. Amanzi ethela kusuka ukuthambisa kungaba, amafomu emhlabeni indoda uwela, amaphiko, kombhede kanye nezinye bobunjwa eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa akavumelani uthinte isidumbu sakhe. baxgeki Western ziye zakhomba Umdwebo Kabakova Ili nge kusilela izinto ezibonakalayo e-USSR, kodwa umculi yena babethi wayegqugquzela umane wahosha indoda eyachitha konke ukuphila kwayo ulinde into.

Ukuvela art lomqondo

Ekuqaleni kwawo-1970 e-art laseSoviet isitayela "eMoscow Conceptualism", omunye abasunguli bayo kubhekwa umculi Ilya Kabakov. nombhali isithombe ngalesi sikhathi - kuba inkulumo yokulingisa tape obomvu owawuhlanganisa zonke izici zokuphila nomphakathi wamaSoviet. Kuyaphawuleka umsebenzi "Izimpendulo iqembu zokuhlola" Kabakov sika (1972), lapho wonke leaf surface isicelo ithebula calligraphy spray ngesineke. Kuyo, zonke izakhamuzi zaseSoviet - akuyena umuntu nge imizwa nemizwelo, kodwa igama lokuqala kuphela kanye nesibongo ebhokisini.

conceptualism eMoscow uthola isandiso yayo kule "Uhlelo ukususwa bin" (1980). Lapha Kabakov usulu wakhe isici lidalula indlela Soviet zokuphila. amabhakede ethengiwe abantu abahlala efulethini ngokuhlanganyela, izipho lomculi ngokudingeka nsuku zonke, kodwa njengophawu lokuthi umthetho wonke-ukuthi zingephulwa cha.

On Owesilisa ofike ngendiza Space ekamelweni lakhe kancane

In the 1980, acute ngaphezulu eveza ukungeneliseki kwakhe ngendlela Soviet zokuphila Kabakov Ilya Iosifovich. Okupendiweyo ukufaka bekulokhu owaziwa phesheya, futhi wathola lapho ukuthi ukuvuma kwayo, kuyilapho ekhaya mayelana umculi owaziwayo kuphela emibuthanweni emincane. Eminyakeni 1982-1986 Kabakov wasebenza phezu ingoma "I Owesilisa ofike ngendiza isikhala ekamelweni lakhe." Ukufakwa kubonakala kahle umehluko phakathi ekhubazekile insizwa amaphupho akhe. Ukwenza bakudala izindiza ngokurhaba izingoma protagonist landizela ziya endaweni engaziwa, breaking ngokusebenzisa uphahla zekhanda lakhe shabby owawuholela kwelinye ikamelo elincane. Ngemva kwelinye izwe Kabakov sobala ukuthi indima umculi womuntu ukuboniswa yena, ushiye Union phakade.

imidwebo Kabakov sika "Beetle" futhi "Isudi"

Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe ENtshonalanga alethwe Ilya Iosifovich edume umhlaba hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi isimo okuqinile. Ngo-2007, Phillips de Pury endalini umdwebo wakhe e- "Isudi" (1981), ethengisiwe cishe ku- $ 4 million, kuye kwenza ukuba kube umdwebi eqolo Russian of ngemva kwempi. wobuciko yakhe, umbhali wabhala ku ucezu plywood. It Kabakov ukuboniswa okwanele yilanga ehhotela nge armchairs, itafula ikhofi kanye TV. Phambili kulesi sithombe kunesonto umculi ubeke ulwazi izinkambo waqondisa ngebhasi ogwini Black Sea. Le nombolo, ngokuhlanganiswa lonke uLwandle Olumnyama kwaba yimphumelelo we yisakhamuzi Soviet.

Ngo-2008, ukunakwa nabezindaba bakwamanye amazwe futhi bakhangwa Ilya Kabakov. Umdwebo "Beetle", ebhalwe ngo-1982, wadayiswa zidayiswe for million 5,84 zamaRandi fabulous. Ngakho, umculi usetha irekhodi elisha ngoba ukubaluleka imisebenzi yabo. Umdwebo Ilya I. closeup ngesineke ibhungane shiny ehlezi leaf oluhlaza. Engxenyeni engezansi kuwebhu kumbhali ehlotshisiwe nursery nemvumelwano mayelana isinambuzane. Okwakushiwo inkondlo ulula: ingane Uthole ibhungane brilliant ukuqoqa yakhe, kodwa kwaba umzukuzuku amakhefu khulula. Kodwa Kabakov bekungeke kube yena uma ebengalidluliselanga etshaliwe kule nursery elula incazelo imvumelwano ezijulile. Beetle, uzama ezandleni bomfana, hhayi nje ulwela impilo yakhe, lapha wazizwa esicacile olunezimiso lomuntu, ukungafuni ukuba yingxenye uhlobo iqoqo uhlelo.

owakwakhe Kabakov

Emhlabeni wonke, Kabakova Ili imidwebo ezihlobene nokusebenzelana wesimanje Umdwebo Russian. Namuhla, umculi ehlala eNew York. Ngo-1989, washada. Kwakuwusuku ngomfazi Ilya I. ukweleta kakhulu impumelelo yayo, ngoba wahlanganyela ngokuziphatha zawo zezimali kanye nenhlangano ye nemibukiso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Emilia (unkosikazi) co-exhasiwe eziningi wemisebenzi yakhe yobungcweti. Ngo-2012, umsebenzi ahlangene Umkhumbi abashadayo 'ka Tolerance "yaqanjwa ngokuthi isici engcono yephrojekthi, futhi waklonyeliswa Cartier Award.

Thanda geniuses kakhulu, asikwazanga ukuthola ukuqashelwa ezweni lakubo Ilya Kabakov (umculi). Isithombe (izithombe ezinye zazo ethulwa esihlokweni) ku West ziye ngomdlandla etholwe wonke umphakathi intuthuko futhi ukuqinisekisa umlobi wayo liyindawo efanelekayo ohlwini abaculi oluvelele.