Ihlathi izinyoni. Amaqiniso kanye Izinombolo

Ezweni kukhona okungenani 8600 zinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyoni, phakathi ezweni lethu - ezingaphezu kuka-700. Emahlathini, izingadi namapaki wengxenye European zensimu kuhlale 294 zilwane. Imihlobo ehlukeneko izinyoni Russian bathole indawo yokufihla ikhanda emahlathini kanye ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.

Ezweni lethu, ne sezulu layo elibuhlungu, izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni uthuthele ku ebusika sezulu esishisayo, futhi labo abasele zivame bathuthe kusukela enyakatho kuya ezindaweni ezimaphakathi kanye eningizimu. Ngo ukubanda okwedlulele, futhi ngenxa yokuntuleka abandayo nezinyoni ukudla zijwayele ukufa ngamanani amakhulu.

izinyoni isidingo ukudla kakhulu ngenxa ukuhamba okusezingeni eliphezulu namandla umzimba. umthamo wansuku zonke kudla abanakho nalabo abantulayo mayelana 1/4 isisindo emzimbeni wakhe. Izinyoni ezidla ukudla kanye ngosuku, granivorous - okungenani ezimbili, futhi ezidla izinambuzane - mayelana 5-6 izikhathi. Amaphuphu ukukhula kwesikhathi isidingo ekuphakelweni kuphinde anda. Zikhula ngokushesha kakhulu, ngoba isisindo ngesonto lokuzalwa kukhuphuke ngo izikhathi eziningana.

Ihlathi izinyoni Russia akha iqembu elikhulu zilwane. Izinyoni kukhona abangane beqiniso futhi abasindisi kwamahlathi kusuka izinambuzane. Ezinye zinhlobo - kuphela izinambuzane (nightjar, nuthatch, cishe zonke izinhlobo songbirds). Abanye (tits, starlings, shrikes) izinambuzane bakha ingxenye enkulu yokudla. Ngu izinyoni granivorous futhi omnivorous kukhona iqhude, buntings, bullfinches, iqhude, izintaka, Iziqophamithi kanye ondlunkulu. Kodwa fledge izinambuzane kuphela. Futhi nge ukubuyabuyelela eqinile izinambuzane zonke izinyoni, ngisho granivorous, zidla kubo.

Ihlathi izinyoni azigcini nje ngokuhluka ubunjalo Ukudla, kodwa futhi wakha isidleke zilwane. Ngo agcwalise esidlekeni-10 zama- izinyoni insectivorous futhi 10 zinhlobo zidla amagundane amancane. Okunye isidleke ezincane emhlabathini otshanini. esinindolweni Okuwugqinsi ngabo - olwenzeka endaweni engcono isivikelo izitha. Yingakho emahlathini ubudala, lapho kungekho underbrush, izinyoni ezincane.

On the imiphetho kwamahlathi, e izingadi namapaki siphile zintaka futhi cuckoos, nightingale zakhele wabo otshanini cherry zasendle futhi elderberry kanye ihlathi nemifula, tits efana sehlozi, buntings futhi warblers ukhethe sezihlahla ezincane noma utshani obukhulu e ezimfundeni nokugawulwa kwezihlahla amasayithi.

Ihlathi izinyoni ukusiza ihlathi zikhule. Kusukela imbewu ahlakaze droppings bawo, kukhule ezihlabayo entsha. Abaningi izinyoni (Iziqophamithi, surto, starlings, chickadees) ukufihla imbewu yemithi, acorns, amantongomane, e iziphunzi moss noma ubudala. Kulezi "ukulondoloza kwesikhashana" ukhohlwe noma awangaphelela akhethiwe bese zihlume izihlahla ezintsha. Liyakhala, magpies futhi jackdaws esakaza imbewu izitshalo engadini, yingakho ungathola emahlathini ezindaweni ezingalindelekile.

izinyoni Wild Ziningi izitha. Ikakhulukazi eziningi izinyoni bayabulawa lapho basuke kuyasizana ekufukameleni amaqanda nasekufunzeni amaphuphu lapho abazali abakwazi ukushiya isidleke futhi yibona ikakhulu abayizisulu ezilula. Ngenxa ezizingelayo, kanye isandla womuntu akusho ukusinda ngaphezu lweshumi izinyoni ezincane ezihlala emahlathini eduze zokuhlala. I amapaki kanye izingadi, lokhu iphesenti ngisho aphansi.

Izitha emibi kakhulu izinyoni (ikakhulukazi abahlala eduze emadolobheni) - leli kati ezifuywayo. Kude ezindaweni zokuhlala ukuze emaflaya ekuzingeleni izimpungushe, ferrets, Martens, ochakide, izimbodla. Ukuze izinyoni phansi-lokushutheka beyizitha onogwaja futhi shrews. Abantu nabo kubangele umonakalo ngokuthi izinyoni kwamahlathi nokuklaba wamakhemikhali nezibulala-zinambuzane sishaye. Ngakho, kwakunabamemezeli abambalwa kuphela abangabodwa ihlathi izinyoni bukhoma konke omnene imvelo esaphila. Futhi yinde ngempela: kusukela Daws - engu-11, starlings - 10, ngesikhathi Blackbirds, robins futhi wagtails - ezingaphezu kuka-10 abe Swallows kanye amahlolamvula - mayelana 9, kusukela izintaka - iminyaka 7. Izinyoni eziningi angaphila isikhathi eside - kuze iminyaka engu-18, ondlunkulu, ama-gull emfuleni magpies-20 - engu-21, nightingale - 25.

Endleleni eya emazweni akude izinyoni bayakwazi ukuthuthukisa isivinini eside. Ngakho, izinyoni ezincane ezindizayo 30 - 50 km / h, starlings - kusuka 60 kuya 79 km / h, izinyoni zasogwini - 55 - 86. ezidla izinyoni (ukhozi) flying ngesivinini 95 km / h, nokuhlaselwa inyamazane - mayelana 360 km / h.