Igazi ukutheleleka. Amagciwane izifo igazi. isifo Prevention

Man ehlaselwa nezilwanyana ezincane ezihlukahlukene sokugembula. Abanye wadluliselwa amaconsi sisemoyeni, abanye ngegazi. Indlela yokubhekana izifo igazi, futhi yiziphi izimbangela zabo?

Kuyini igciwane igazi?

Kuyinto isifo esithathelanayo ukuthi kwenzeka ukungenisa eziphilayo pathogenic emzimbeni ngemithambo yegazi. Muva nje, alawa magciwane zivame ezithinta impilo yabantu. Amagciwane izifo igazi - kukhona amagciwane, lenyama, amagciwane kanye rickettsia. Bahlala e isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi, okungukuthi, i isikhala ebiyelwe, futhi ayikwazi ngokukhululekile sishiye emzimbeni womuntu.

Lezi zihlanganisa futhi izifo oyingozi kakhulu, isifo, i-yellow fever, umalaleveva, i-typhoid. Carry lezi zifo ngokuvamile izinambuzane: imikhaza, namazeze, izintwala. igciwane igazi okunjalo idluliselwa ngokusebenzisa amathe yomzimba wesinambuzane komunye umuntu noma isilwane kwenye okwamanje lapho basuke yenhlwathi isinambuzane kunazo. Ukuze lolu hlobo izifo futhi zihlanganisa ukutheleleka nge-HIV kanye ne-hepatitis ezibangelwa amagciwane. Abakwazi ufake umzimba ngokusebenzisa imishini angcolile, ngesikhathi ocansini.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zifo?

Igazi kwezifo kusho zezinhlobo ezimbili: transimissivnaya futhi netransmissivnaya. izifo ezithwalwa yizinambuzane igazi idluliswe nge izidalwa eziphilayo. Lezi zihlanganisa isifo, umalaleveva, ukushisa komzimba oluhambisana, typhus. Umthombo walezi zinto izifo ingenza umuntu ogulayo noma isilwane, nabathwali - izinambuzane.

Amagciwane ngenkathi emzimbeni ezidala njalo zande. Amagciwane kungaba hhayi kuphela ngamathe yomzimba wesinambuzane, kodwa futhi umzimba wakhe noma phezulu. Umuntu angaba yini kuphela bite, kodwa wayichoboza we amagciwane.

Netransmissivnye igazi izifo ngocansi ngqo kumuntu nomuntu ngesikhathi contact.

izinqubo ezithathelwanayo egazini kungenzeka amagciwane ahlukahlukene. Igazi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane okungenzeka uma umzimba womuntu ungena ejenti causative yohlobo abafanele. Lokhu kungase kube human immunodeficiency virus noma kwesibindi. Igazi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane zenzeka lapho igciwane iwela umzimba, isib, i-ejenti causative umalaleveva.

Imizila yokudlulisela izifo igazi

Engeziwe izifo igazi izindlela ihlaba umkhosi:

• athathelwana;
• yemvelo;
• yokufakelwa.

Igazi ukutheleleka, ayihambi ngokusebenzisa athathelwana, okungukuthi ezenzeka ngesikhathi ukutheleleka ngegazi kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa yisilwane nezinambuzane ezithile.

Indlela yemvelo ukudluliswa kwalesi sifo livela kumama ezingenzeka embungwini, ngesikhathi lactation, ngesikhathi ocansini.

Artificial ngendlela abantu abakwazi batheleleke nge ukungenisa pathogen esikhumbeni ezilimele futhi nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, phakathi nezinqubo zezokwelapha kanye nemisebenzi ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi kahle ngayo. Umuntu angase utheleleke nge ukumpontshelwa ngegazi elinegciwane. IDUs kungathelela nomunye ngenkathi usebenzisa eyodwa isipetu abantu ababili noma ngaphezulu.

Indima izinambuzane ukudluliswa

izifo ezithathelana kukhona izinhlobo eziningana izimuncagazi, ezifana izintwala. Ziyakwazi yisinanakazana kuphela abantu, ukuze bakwazi ukuthwala izifo ezithathelwanayo, ezifana-typhus yisinanakazana.

izifo ezifana nomalaleveva, ezingase ziphakame kuphela uma kwenzeka ukuthi nezilokazane ezibangela umalaleveva kuzothatha umjikelezo ukuthuthukiswa emzimbeni esifazane Anopheles omiyane bohlobo lwe.

Esimweni isibhadalala nenhlupho kuphambi namagundane ukudlala indima enkulu, efana amagundane. A encephalitis ezithwalwa angadluliselwa imikhaza, okuyizinto abathwali ukutheleleka.

Ngakho-ke, njengoba izinyathelo zokuvimbela igazi izifo ehola indima kungokwalabo imisebenzi efana magciwane (Amagciwane elwa) Ukubulala amagciwane (isinambuzane ukuthi amagciwane), disinfestation (belwa namagundane zasendle).

Izimpawu ngegciwane egazini kubantu

Ngemva contact inqubo ukutheleleka pathogen e umzimba womuntu ukukhiqizwa kabusha yayo ethuthukisiwe. Kuyaqapheleka njengoba inhlalakahle, ukubukeka kwakhe, futhi endaweni yokucwaninga kanye nezinkomba emtholampilo.

Zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo ayihambi ngokusebenzisa igazi, babe ekhombisa yabo, kodwa kukhona nalabo obuvamile zonke lezi pathologies. Izimpawu nesenzakalo egazini izifo ezingabantu:

• ishayela okusheshayo;
• umkhuhlane;
• ubuhlungu ekhanda;
• ngenxa yobuthakathaka;
• ukucobeka;
• ukungakuthandi ukudla;
• isikhumba kuba eliphaphathekile;
• kungenzeka uhudo noma ukuhlanza.

Ukuxilonga izifo igazi

Uma usola isifo egazini, kunikezelwe ukuhlaziya basemtholampilo uketshezi begazi. Ephambi kwezinduna i focus ezithathelwanayo ngo imiphumela ezohlaziywa baphawula ukwanda kwenani leukocyte, izinti, kukhuphuke ESR. Ukuze esolwa igazi umalaleveva smear ukuze libe iconsi obukhulu.

Qiniseka ukuba bahlole umchamo for ukuhlaziywa jikelele. Ngo izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe umsebenzi kwezinso kuyaphazamiseka, kuyobonakala ezintweni laboratory.

Ephoqelekile esolwa igazi ezithathelwanayo izinqubo kukhona kwamakhemikhali kwegazi. Ngakho igazi zihlolelwe igciwane lesandulela ngculaza, futhi ugcunsula (vivinyo idingeka kunoma yikuphi esibhedlela kanti ngihlolwa prophylactic).

Uma usola isifo esibangelwe igciwane ukukhiqiza izitshalo bacteriological.

I ukwelapha izifo ezifana

izifo Iningi egazini izimo ezisongela ukuphila. Ngakho-ke, zonke iziguli okucatshangwa ukuthi banalo lesi sifo kuthiwa ungeniswe esibhedlela. Ukuze isifo ngasinye ezithathelwanayo - ukwelashwa yayo eqondile. Kodwa cishe zonke zidinga ukuqashwa yokwelapha elwa namagciwane, inani elikhulu amavithamini namaminerali ezisiza umzimba ukubhekana nalesi sifo.

Esabelwa futhi ukwelashwa ngokukhishwa kobuthi egazini ngu emthanjeni ukuvuza ukumnika solution glucose Iringa, nosawoti bokuphila.

Nokuvinjelwa kwezifo

Ukuze bazivikele ezifweni ngegazi, kudingeka ulandele imithetho yokuhlanzeka. Ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese kubalulekile ukuba zigeze izandla ngensipho namanzi. Izithelo nemifino kahle ngaphambi kokudla ukugeza ngamanzi afudumele. Gada ukuhlanzeka zokulala, inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa okuqhubekayo emzimbeni, indoda izingubo, izicathulo zakhe. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze avimbele ukwethulwa ukutheleleka endlini.

Ukuvimbela izifo igazi futhi agcinwe ezingeni wombuso, ngosizo izinhlelo ezithile sokukhipha marsh izindawo, ukuhlolwa njalo njalo. Ukuqeda pediculosis ezikhungweni zezingane nezinhlangano ezihlukahlukene ngihlolwa gqwa wenziwa. Ngemva lonke ehlathini kubalulekile ukuhlola bona nezingane zabo, ukugwema izibungu ukuhlaba zingene isikhumba. Kusukela amagciwane esikhumbeni kuzosiza ngesigezo njalo yezandla. Kubalulekile ukubhekana waba nezintwala ekhanda, ukubulala omiyane namagundane ehlukahlukene. On iwindi ehlobo kufanele uhlanganyela omiyane net.

Futhi, nokuvimbela izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane egazini kufanele sigweme ukungabi nasimilo. Lapho izinqubo zokwelapha kufanele usebenzise kuphela amathuluzi luhlanzekile futhi amagilavu.