Igama Real Utesova. Biography leonid Utesov

Qalaza bese uyazama ukuthola umuntu akazi ukuthi ubuhle Odessa? "Ukuze Odessa" okungenani kanye sezwa ngokuphelele zonke abakhileyo ezweni lakithi. Abanye baye baba khona futhi ukuphefumula ikakhulukazi emoyeni, ezinye uthando lwakhe futhi bayazi abavela izincwadi, amabhayisikobho nezingoma. Njengoba Bathi e-Odessa, "ingabe ufuna izingoma? Sinenkosi kimi! "Futhi umculi wokuqala futhi umculi ubani efika engqondweni kuleli cala, yebo, leonid Utesov. Igama yangempela yalo edume ngazo zonke yaseshashalazini, cinema nomculo - Vaysbeyn futhi igama langempela - uLazaru noma Leiser. Ngendlu lalibizwa umane Ledyaev Ledechka.

Ebuntwaneni Odessa

Leonid Osipovich Utesov biography waqala Mashi 22, 1895 (e-encyclopedia ukhombise usuku 21 Mashi) edolobheni lase-Odessa. Khona-ke, ngesikhathi inombolo 11 phezu esingunxantathu ohlangothini lomgwaqo umfana wazalwa owayezoba abadumile yena balidumisa lomuzi wakhe wayemiselwe. ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yashintsha igama layo kuya alley ngaphandle Utesova.

Vaysbeyn Family (igama langempela Utesova) besisikhulu - ubaba wezingane ezinhlanu. Baba, Joseph (Osip) Kalmanovich wasebenza forwarder ethekwini, umama - Malka Moiseevna - wema oshayelayo yakhe nomndeni wakhe, ukulawula yonke indlu (kuhlanganise nomyeni wakhe) ngesandla ngokuqinile. unina engumJuda nonkosikazi - kuyinto "okuthile okuhlukene, 'ngakho akukho muntu wayihlubuka matriarchy endlini ku esingunxantathu ohlangothini lomgwaqo. Ledechka, ngokusobala ngofuzo bomoya unina, okuyinto ayikwazanga kubonakala ekuphileni kwakhe. Kodwa uma Malka Moiseevna wathumela uhlamvu yakho ukuxazulula izinkinga zomkhaya - ukuphathwa yomyeni wakhe nengane, impi ukunqoba kanye nomthengisi ku Privoz, le Ledyaev yanqamula kwabanye ngaphandle endlini kayise.

Okokuqala, wasebenza kanzima futhi ngempumelelo alwa, ngisho zamane nje zaba ka usaziwayo emphakathini abafana Odessa. Okwesibili, Ledyaev Vaysbeyn kwaba umfundi kuphela axoshwe Commercial College Faig - izikhungo, idume ngomtapo ukuhleleka ovulekile. Ngalezo zinsuku, amaJuda (futhi igama langempela Utesova, njengoba sikhumbula, Jewish) owayengenza% 5 kuphela inombolo ephelele abafundi yanoma yimuphi semfundo eRussia. Faig kuphela abathole imvume ukuthola u-50% izingane zabantu abakhethiwe. Ledyaev Vaysbeyn (igama langempela Utesova) noma hit, noma kuthelwe ngepeni omunye wothisha futhi waxoshwa ezindongeni isikhungo phakade. Ngokushesha, kwafika isikhukhula hoodlum abasha eqashiwe esekisini wokujikeleza Borodanova yokuma "umbhali Bill" wahamba ngesinyenyela kulo muzi.

zokuzulazula

Esikhathini isekisi, wafunda ukuhamba tightrope, esishwibweni, olushaqisayo oluhloselwe ukuhlekisa izethameli ngesimo "izinto ezingasile zibomvu." Pokolesil imizi nemizana, ngo-1912 Ledyaev wabuyela Odessa ngaqala ukusebenza e-yaseshashalazini ahlekisayo farce ukuze Skowronski. Nokho, wakwenza kwaba isimo: "Cha Vaysbeyn" (igama langempela Utesov) - samazisa ukukhetha igama uphakeme kakhulu. Umculi Young waqaphela iseluleko ngokoqobo futhi waqala ukukhetha isidlaliso, bavumelane igama egqumeni: Rocks, Gorin, Gorski futhi ekugcineni Cliffs. Ngesikhathi esifanayo mina ushintshe Ledyu ku Lenya.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi Utesova igama langempela empeleni iyokwaziwa ngisho kuphela kumbuthano umkhaya omncane. izwe lakhe ukuba bamazi futhi bamthande ngohlelo olusha "sublime" igama.

"Njengoba uzokubuya isikebhe ..."

Ngo-1913, esanda leonid Utesov (igama langempela akasoze ivele playbills) langena ethiyetha emincanyana, itholakala emzini Kremenchug. Lapha umsebenzi waseshashalazini wakhumula.

Umdwebi abasha ikhiphe inzuzo ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "Ukusuka nhlekelele ukuba esishwibweni." Umdlalo kwaba amahora amaningi. Leonid kokuqala yesehlakalo ukusebenza okukhulu, bese wahlabelela isenzo Awe-Operetta, ngemva ehlabelela violin kuqala trio violin bese udlale ukulingisa. Kodwa akugcini lapho. Kwabe sekufika couplets satirical, indaba ezihlekisayo, umdanso, ingoma, ukubayisigebengu, juggling, futhi kowamanqamu - esindizayo esishwibweni. Wayelethwa wathola kahle, ikakhulukazi e-Odessa. Umlandeli enkulu ithalente enemisebenzi abasha umdlali wayeyiNkosi abadumile eHayidese - Misha Yaponchik (Vinnitsa igama lakhe langempela). Leonid Utesov, yena ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa wasiza eziphathelene (Mishkin) yayo "umnyango."

umshado

Njenganoma yimuphi umculi ezithandwayo, futhi ikakhulukazi abasebasha futhi kushisa, leonid uvele amaningi abalandeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo has lithandana umlingani wakhe ukusebenza. A actress abasha washada Elene Goldinoy (Yelena) ngo-1914. Ngokushesha saba nendodakazi wazalelwa u-Edith. Kule ngxenye umndeni wabo wasinda eminyakeni engu-48 ezayo. Elena, kanye Malka kanye, wathatha yiNhloko umkhumbi umndeni ezandleni zabo siqu, futhi sibonga wakhe ke wahlala ntanta isikhathi eside kangaka.

ukuphila waseshashalazini

Leonid Utesov beat ezihlukahlukene amatiyetha: Big futhi Small uRichelieu, Theatre Miniature kwedolobha Kherson, netiyetha mobile "KaMose". Ngaphezu yesehlakalo yaseshashalazini, umlingisi osemusha enkundleni. Ngo-1917 wayinqoba kupletistov mncintiswano aphethwe e Gomel. Ngo-1919, wadlala indima elincane ifilimu "kusho uLieutenant Schmidt -. Inkululeko fighter"

Esikhathini eko we Cliffs nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela ngowokuqala eMoscow bese yiLeningrad. Wedlula komunye yaseshashalazini kwesinye, ungalokothi ukuba ahlale isikhathi.

Ukudala orchestra jazz

Lokhu "flutter" waqhubeka kwaze 1928, lapho ekugcineni leonid Utesov wathola uthando lwakhe main - jazz. Kwathi ngesikhathi evakashele nomkhaya wakhe e-Paris. Elapho waqala ukuya ukusebenza American Jazz Orchestra ngaphansi kokuqondisa Ngakho Lyuisa, futhi wajabula nalokho akubona nakuzwa. Emuva ekhaya, leonid bakwazi ukuzihlelela jazz zabo band, alibiza ngokuthi "Tea-jazz". Khona-ke igama sashintsha kaningi (State Jazz Orchestra we RSFSR, uMbuso pop-orchestra RSFSR), kodwa into eyayibalulekile ukuthi ithimba wakwazi ukudlala jazz in Soviet Russia, okuyinto izinkomba zomculo, kanje, ukusho okungenani, okusolisayo.

Ekuqaleni, le orchestra kudlalwa izingoma ikakhulukazi angaphandle, Nokho, ngokushesha wenza ngesisekelo repertoire yakhe iculo ebhaliwe ngokukhethekile izingcezu wezinsimbi. Umlobi yathe ayeyithanda kwakungu-Isaka Dunaevskii - umngane siqu leonid Utesov.

"Fellows Jolly"

Eyaziwa futhi Lyubov Utesovu futhi-orchestra akhe amlethela iqhaza ifilimu abadumile Alexandrov "Jolly Fellows", eyakhishwa ngo-1934. Ngemva kwalokho, ngokuphelele zonke izakhamuzi zaqala ukucula izingoma zayo futhi ukufunda ubuso umlingisi sika.

iminyaka neMpi futhi ngemva kwempi

Phakathi WWII, leonid Utesov uhambo ngamakhonsathi ngaphambili, ngokuphindaphindiwe zawa ngaphansi nesikhathi sokuqhuma kwamabhomu nokungabi amabhomu, kodwa waqhubeka ekhuluma amadoda.

Lapho impi iphela, i-orchestra Utesov babuka izwe, ngokokuziphatha asekelayo Bakwethu, ngoba, ngamazwi ingoma yakhe siqu, "Sakha ingoma futhi usisize bukhoma." Eminyakeni eyalandela, ngokuhlanganyela baqhubeka ekhonsathini umsebenzi waqala ukusebenza emisakazweni nakumathelevishini, okwenza amarekhodi. Utesova indodakazi, u-Edith, uvele noyise - kwaba soloist nge-orchestra yakhe.

Eminyakeni yakhe ekunqabeni

Ngo-1962 wafela umkakhe Elena. Naphezu ubuhlobo eside parallel Antonina Revel, uyasinda ekufeni othandekayo waphendukela leonid Osipovich sizi.

Wayeka ukukhuluma, futhi nje ngaphandle kwalapho kudingeka ngempela ukushiya indlu. Antonina True ziseduze, kodwa Cliffs washada ngokusemthethweni wamnika iminyaka engu-20 kuphela kamuva, ngemva kokufa kwendodakazi yakhe ngo-1982 kubo bagula kakhulu. Kodwa yaba ngeyesikhashana injabulo. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, leonid Osipovich wafa eneminyaka engu-87.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi cishe konke ukuphila kwakhe Utesov wahlala eLeningrad, ngaso sonke isikhathi bahlala Odessa. Futhi manje, eminyakeni engu-30 ngemva kokufa kwakhe, ecabanga ngabaningi ngalo muntu, sibona ilanga yisiphepho ezitaladini, sizizwa phezu izindebe ulwandle okunosawoti ohelezayo bese uzwe:

"Kukhona umuzi ngibona iphupho,
Oh, uma kuphela owayazi ukuthi othandekayo
OLwandle Black owabonakala kimi
I acacias izimbali edolobheni ... "