I wholesale ugesi emakethe. Ikhiqiza Inkampani ye Isitolo esidayisa yonke impahla Ugesi Market

Ngo-2003, i-wholesali uhlelo ugesi emakethe uye washintsha abalulekile. Isizathu salokhu kwaba ukwamukelwa yomthetho efanele, owawuthi izinguquko wemboni kuleli zwe kwenziwa. Injongo eyinhloko izinguquko kwaba esikhundleni izinkampani eziningi ezincane ukunikela ezihlukahlukene services - kusukela kokukhiqiza ukusatshalaliswa, ezintathu ezinkulu. Nazo ngokufanayo, kufanele ngokukhethekile isiqondiso eyodwa kuphela:

• ukukhiqizwa;
• zokuthutha;
• nokumaketha.

Ngenxa yalesi kwakukhona inethiwekhi elihlangene, eyayihlanganisa futhi kubalulekile yenuzi wezwe "Rosenergoatom". Lokhu kabusha kuzoletha amandla wemboni ezingeni elisha futhi kwenze kube omunye wabaholi emnothweni Russian.

Imininingwane ugesi njengoba lezimpahla

I wholesale ugesi emakethe yezandla isisetshenziswa kubaluleke kakhulu. Futhi njengoba lo mkhiqizo has a izici kwetfulwe ezithile, amanye amaphuzu kumele kunakwe ukuziqondisa emakethe. Isici esiyinhloko ugesi njengoba lezimpahla ukuthi zonke izigaba ukunyakaza okufanele kwenzeke alternately futhi ngaphandle kokulibala. Amandla kungagcineki kanye buthelela. Lolu hlobo umkhiqizo ngokushesha ngemva ukukhiqizwa kufanele ngokushesha ukufinyelela umthengi ekupheleni.

Elengamele Producer kungenzeka kuphela lemali ukunikezela isikhundla. Kodwa abantu ngokuphelele akunandaba yini nkampani inyathelisa amandla kagesi, ngoba ngemva ukukhiqizwa kabusha yayo iwela kugridi yomphakathi.

izinkampani Ikhiqiza kagesi emakethe wholesale azi kahle ukuthi umkhiqizo wabo libhekwa njengezidingo. Labantu kakhulu sensitive izinguquko okungazelelwe, kuzuba noma ukungabi khona mikhiqizo. Kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kubantu Ungashintshanisa ezizimele eyodwa umthombo esiteshini noma igesi bafudumale. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukulethwa kumele kube okunokwethenjelwa futhi ungaphazanyiswa.

Futhi, lapho kukhiqizwa khona amandla kagesi is kunakwe lihlela isilinganiso phakathi kwama uhlelo zokukhiqiza umhlahlo ukusetshenziswa. Kumelwe kube njengoba olinganiselayo futhi ukuthi kwakungekho ukungalingani.

izindlela isiqondiso emakethe

I wholesale emakethe ugesi namandla kuncike kakhulu ku-mode zombuso isiqondiso. Indlela eqondile imigomo, esikhundleni salokho, kuyakhethwa ngokuya ngezinto ezifanele:

• uhlobo yesimo sezomnotho;
• uhlobo ubunikazi;
• indlela yokungenelela isimo ekuthuthukiseni le mboni.

Direct ukuphathwa engxenyeni kahulumeni

Endabeni ukuphathwa oqondile komkhakha wholesale ugesi emakethe kuthonywa isimo ngokusebenzisa ejensi yayo ezifana Ministry. I-apharathasi isimo eliqondisa umsebenzi embonini futhi wonke amabhizinisi. State enquma ngqo inombolo bese ivolumu ukudiliva, usetha ukubaluleka nesiqondiso inzuzo utshalomali. Lokho empeleni wonke umsebenzi we amabhizinisi we umkhakha weze-energy (kuhlanganise intengo kagesi emakethe wholesale) esilawulwa futhi. Le ndlela ngempela ezinzima.

Public ekuphathweni wemboni ngokusebenzisa corporation isimo

Lapho ukulawula ngokusebenzisa corporation akahulumeni, isimo Ubuye esibalulekile ithonya phezu umkhakha. Ingabe ukuthi ukuzithiba Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inkampani wadala ngokukhethekile. Nakuba le nhlangano futhi basebenze kuleli isithakazelo yezwe, kodwa has a ukuzimela ezithile ukuzimela izinqumo. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuphatha umkhakha weze-energy xaxa ngokucophelela, ukuthola imali eningi futhi bahlele inqubo kahle.

isiqondiso State kanye engamele umkhakha

Le ndlela yokulawulwa kwezimboni umkhakha isetshenziswa emazweni amaningi yeningi. Uma bonke abadlali emakethe - abahwebi yangasese, lena indlela engcono kakhulu ngaphandle. Buhle le ndlela iyona ukuzibusa ngokugcwele. Kodwa akubona bonke zithwalwe osomabhizinisi yangasese. Ilayisense, nekulawulwa zokuphepha - iwumsebenzi isimo. It is zihilelekile Ngentengo tariff kulungiselelwa. Ikhishwa njengoba imithetho iyunifomu ngibopha ekukhiqizeni, kutfunyelwa nekusatjalaliswa zamandla.

phambili emakethe

Indlela ehlelekile ugesi emakethe wholesale, hhayi kuphela kuthinta nekusebenta ukuthuthukiswa yayo, kodwa futhi wonke embonini wonkana.

Uhlobo lokuqala inhlangano ugesi emakethe wholesale kuyinto emakethe phambili. essence yayo itholakala supply kwemikhiqizo futhi izivumelwano waphetha. Imisebenzi wemakethe phambili kusekelwe bemave lamabili, esiphelweni sesimiso okuyinto abahileleke ngokuqondile nomthengisi kanye umthengi izimpahla. Kunezindlela eziningana kagesi amandla ukunyakaza. Eyokuqala ukubhaliswa okwenziwayo phakathi umkhiqizi kanye umthengi. Ingqikithi yalo Uhlobo lwesibili yesivumelwano ku kabusha imikhiqizo. Isiphetho lwesithathu kwenzeka ngesikhathi abafanele stock exchange okhuluma phambili.

Inzuzo yalesi emakethe linokwethenjelwa nokuphepha, ngoba wayeseboshwe insures zombili izinhlangothi kusukela kungenzeka i-force majeure. Emzimbeni sivumelwano ukuqaliswa eziyokhishwa kuphela ngemva kokwakhiwa sansuku zonke. Lena enye uyisebenzise ngempela, awudingi ukuchitha umzamo omkhulu ukuhlela emakethe umsebenzi.

Market "usuku-phambili"

Ukuhweba uhlelo ugesi emakethe wholesale ngokuyinhloko zangaphambi inquma inani kanye nesikhathi ukunikezela. Kodwa kusukela ngo-umkhiqizo zingasuswa ngosizo ngezindlela ezahlukene, ke kungenzeka impela esebophela esingalindelekile. Nokho, lokhu inkinga isixazululekile nje ngokwanele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usethe emafektri yesikhashana. Futhi lokulawula lolu daba kungenzeka esebenzisa amathuluzi kwezomnotho (isib, ukwanda ekuqaleni izindleko). Nokho, kusebentisana asinikeza emakethe ugesi has a uhlamvu oluthile. The main izici zayo wemakethe - kuba osheshayo kanye ukusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, uhlela ukuhamba amandla kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze operation esitebeleni of inethiwekhi.

Kusebenta ukusebenza kwe-opharetha uhlelo, ebheka kangakanani, lapho futhi obani ukuletha. Umsebenzi wakhe siqukethe ekubhaleni uhlelo lokuhamba ugesi. Ukunemba uhlelo incike izinga lokwaneliseka bonke abahlanganyeli emakethe. Ngakho-ke, opharetha is kunakwe kanye namandla izingxenye kagesi amanethiwekhi. izibalo Ethembekile ukusiza ukuqeda kungenzeka sindisa, ngenkathi usebenzisa zonke imigqa amandla ngokugcwele.

Ngokuvamile, ngosuku lapho opharetha ekugcineni avumela sansuku zonke, kwandulelwe ukugunyazwa okwenziwe usuku nokusebenza. Isisebenzi kunomthelela lonke emakethe. Kuyinto le ndlela yenhlangano ubizwa ngokuthi "usuku-phambili".

Market "ngesikhathi sangempela"

ugesi emakethe Isitolo esidayisa yonke impahla libhekene imprecision yayo, ngoba ukubikezela ngokunembile ububanzi ukunikezela sinzima kakhulu. Kungase kube amanye ngeziphambeko kusukela ebekiwe kule inkontileka.

Kaningi kuyenzeka ukuthi endaweni eyodwa kukhona ukungabi namandla, kuyilapho ezinye, kunalokho, kukhona izinsalela. Kunoma ikuphi, abazi khansela nomunye ngaphandle. Uma ubukhulu ukungalingani likhulu, kungaholela ukwehluleka ohlelweni. Ngakho-ke, opharetha ulawula ukunikezela.

real-time emakethe evumela ukwenza uhlelo ukuhweba ezilinganiselayo ababambiqhaza yayo ukungalingani babo abakhona.

izinkampani Generating

Okwamanje eRussia zikhona izinkampani eziyisikhombisa ezinkulu. Zixhumana nabantu nomunye, futhi inethiwekhi Ngakho amandla wholesale emakethe. Izinhloso eziyinhloko ohlelweni yilezi sokuphehla amandla. Bonke zihlelwe zaba izinhlangano eziyisithupha. Amandla yisilinganiso sesifundo esisodwa iqembu ezinjalo gigawatts ayisishiyagalolunye. Okwesibili Generation Inkampani ye Isitolo esidayisa yonke impahla Ugesi Market ulawula ekusebenzeni emifula izitshalo amandla. Ibizwa ngokuthi "RusHydro". On the wholesale akhawunti emakethe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu amandla aphuma ezweni.