I-oda Rosaceae imbali ifomula

ithuthukiswe Iningi ngokuya kwemvelo, okuyinto usesikhundleni niche omkhulu embusweni isitshalo - oda Rosaceae (Rosales). Siqukethe imikhaya ayisishiyagalolunye (Rosaceae, Elm, kamalibhele, Konopleva, amaswidi, sembabazane et al.). Lezi zihlanganisa: apula, cherry, mountain ash, hawthorn, cotoneaster, cherry, ama-strawberry, Quince amabhilikosi nabanye abaningi. Impova ngosizo izinambuzane.

Zonke izitshalo Rosaceae zinezikhathi khona umzimba, njengabo imbali. Formula flower efihlekile Rosaceae, oyiyo ziyadingeka ukufundelwa ngo biology esikoleni.

Kuyini imbali?

Ngenxa yokuba khona emzimbeni nezitshalo eziqhakazayo kukhona esitebeleni kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngokwesibonelo, Suez Canal: ukushisa babulawa kanye nezihlahla ezikhulayo, kodwa hhayi gymnosperms futhi ezinjengohlinzamfuku, futhi izimbali.

Imbali - Izitho zokuzala, amahlumela esifushane, futhi pistils, stamens, amacembe - amahlamvu ukushintshwa.

ukusabalala

I-oda Rosaceae - enyakatho. Amalungu ayo wenze indlela yabo nangale umbuthano polar iplanethi yethu. Zonke ozithandayo Rosaceae izitshalo zethu: apula, ithini lamapheya, plums, amabhilikosi - sizalelwe Nenkabazwe. Okuxakayo nje e Nenkabazwe eningizimu, bathola okuncane kakhulu. Kuphela eNingizimu neMelika nase-Afrika ezishisayo (e-Australia libuye libe) kungaba ngizibonge "plums osemqoka" we chrysobalanaceae umndeni.

Rosaceae izitshalo - umyalelo elichumayo. Evolution ubaniké nekhono ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha. Yingakho iningi labo kungabonwa hhayi emahlathini, intombi, ezindaweni ezilimele - ezivulekile, washisa izindawo, nasemizini, emithambekeni nemihosha, ku emazweni umhlabathi silahliwe, size entabeni scree: saxifrage, Crassulaceae. Akukho mncintiswano, ayachuma, ukukhula ngokushesha futhi ngamandla. Futhi uthwebule indawo isikhathi eside.

sakhiwo sangaphandle

Abaningi amakhambi Rosaceae ngokuvamile kudidaniswe i-oda ranunculales Buttercup ngoba zifana ngezindlela bakudala: stamens eziningi pistils. Ngaphandle, lesi sitshalo wemiyalo emibili futhi babe izici ezifanayo. Kodwa kukhona kwezinhlobo okuthuthukile.

Izici ezikhethekile ukuthuthukiswa sihlahla oda Rosaceae

izinhlobo bakudala inhlangano ngokuvamile esingalawuleki imbali: isinqumo eliphezulu, inani elikhulu stamens, kodwa amazwe athuthukile, kunalokho:

• pistils evikelwe ayesisebenzisa cupped;
• ayesisebenzisa izithelo likhula futhi ngokuvamile iba ekhangayo, ngenyama namanzi futhi iphunga elimnandi (lihhabhula, pere);
• izithelo kanye nephunga bakhangwa izilwane, esikhundleni salokho, ukusakaza izitshalo Rosaceae olude;
• imbewu ivikelwe igobolondo kanzima kakhulu.

Rosaceae umndeni (Rosaceae)

Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinhlobo angiosperms (dicotyledons). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi nezihlahla ukuze amakhambi. Ngokuvamile Ushintshe isitho vegetative isiphunzi, amadevu prickles.

Izimbali nakho kungaba olulodwa, futhi inflorescence. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-ibhulashi cherry, izambulela cherry, eliphakathi kwe izihlangu. Perianth ngemibala egqamile noma nje ezimhlophe, edonsa izinambuzane impova.

Iziphi izici isakhiwo olotshiwe wesakhiwo Rosaceae babe? Imbali, formula elandelayo, libhekene kokuba ukulandelana ecacile:

• CH5L5T∞P∞ - kule formula kukhona sitrobheli, rose zasendle kanye nabanye.

Inani ifomula:

• W - wokugubha sepals.
• L - wokugubha isigcebe sembali.
• T - wokugubha stamens.
• P - wokugubha pestle.
• ∞ - amaningi (kungenzeki ukubala).

Izinombolo ukhombise inombolo. Ukuze izitshalo bomkhaya Rosaceae imbali (ifomula) ine uhlobo ejwayelekile. imbali Lungisa - umuntu okuyothi ungakwazi ukuchitha eziningi izimbazo, futhi zonke izingxenye ahlukaniswe kubo, kuyoba izinhlangothi zazo ziyalingana. Lezi zimo zokuma babe Rosaceae. Imbali isakhiwo (ifomula) futhi kungenzeka idluliselwe ngendlela ehlukile.

Ngokwesibonelo, zasendle rose (Rosaceae) - imbali kabani ifomula is kanje: Sa5So5A∞G∞, lapho:

• Ca - kusukela Latin. Calyx, okusho inkomishi noma sepals.
• Co - kusukela Latin. corola noma Corolla ehlanganisa inombolo n-th amacembe (kuleli cala 5).
• A (androceum) - izitho wesilisa, okungukuthi stamens ...
• G (genoceum) - umzimba female, okungukuthi pestle noma carpels tho ...

Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi nakuba inja-rose isitshalo usizo kakhulu, abantu esiqhingini Tasmania ngenxa ekwandeni ngokweqile inani ehlathini balwa naye. Bona zazibaqhubezela izimbuzi. Lezi zilwane zaziwa umthelela wabo elonakalisayo nezilwane, kodwa baphuma control. Izimbuzi kwaphoqa amahlozi aminyene rose zasendle, kodwa, ngemva kokudla imbewu ezinkulu, wafa ngenxa ukuvaleka emathunjini. Singasho ukuthi ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni wesintu, izitshalo kwawona isitha.

Akukho muntu ongasho ukuthi inani eliqondile zama-rose asendle. Kodwa wonke amalungu omndeni zihlukaniswe, okumhlophe futhi ephuzi. Okuvame kakhulu kanti lasendulo (Rosa Rugosa) - abomvu. Phakathi kwabo, ngisho walulama nemivini zinhlobo siluhlaza.

ESiberia, okuxekethile, inhlabathi ebhidlikayo usindisa kunezimpande bakamalalahlengezela elikhulu Rosa acicularis - esigaxeni yayo eqinile afana ibuthuntu yensimbi nemigoqo.

Ukuziqhenya esemqoka ye Rosaceae kufanele kubhekwe izimbali zabo zibe nephunga elimnandi. Rosaceae (imbali, ifomula ezichazwe ngenhla), umphumela wabo zokuhlobisa, ukubaluleka kwezomnotho kanye indima kwemvelo - ikusasa emhlabeni. Akunakwenzeka ukuba zibone ngeso lengqondo izwe lanamuhla ngaphandle ukuba khona kwalezi izitshalo. Singasho ukuthi ukuvela kwabo uye zafaka umfutho ekuthuthukiseni zonke izinto eziphilayo futhi kwenze kube indlela esicabanga futhi wazi-ke manje.