I-Ephedra horsetail: ukusatshalaliswa, incazelo, isicelo

Iyini i-ephedra horsetail? Isitshalo sibheka ukuthini, sikhula kuphi nokuthi siyasetshenziswa ngani? Izimpendulo kuzo zonke lezi mibuzo uzothola ezintweni zokwaziswa.

Ulwazi oluyisisekelo

I-Ephedra horsetail iyinhlobo ekhethekile ye-shrub engokwesihlobo sama-Hvoynik nomndeni wabantu abahamba naye, noma u-Efratha. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo sinamanye amagama: i-concha horsetail, i-ephedra yezintaba.

I-Ephedra Horsetail: incazelo ye-botanical

Njengokuba kushiwo ngenhla, isitshalo esicatshangelwayo sihlala siphendu esihlala isikhathi eside futhi esinezinhlamvu ezinama-1-1.5. Izimpande zawo zincane kakhulu, zigcwele futhi zide. Isitshalo salesi sitshalo singashadile (singaba phakathi kwamaningana). Futhi lilukhuni, lukhuni, kusukela ebunjini elibomvu futhi elimpunga.

Amagatsha esihlahla aqondiswa phezulu. Ziqondile, zichaza, nge-interstices kuze kufike ku-2 cm, zibushelelezi, zihamba phambili, zifinyelele ku-1.5-2 mm ububanzi, ziluhlaza, futhi zivuthiwe kahle.

I-Ephedra horsetail inamaqabunga aphikisayo futhi aphikisanayo, ahlanganiswa phansi. Ngaphezulu kukhona ama-short-triangular, angenayo i-chlorophyll futhi anciphisa ubulili. Ama-chloroplasts atholakale kuphela kumaseli we-cortex we-neodrevesnevshih neziqu ezincane.

Ama-spikelets abesilisa alawa sitshalo angashadile noma angama-amabili noma amathathu. Zifinyelela ubude obungama 4-5 mm. Amaqabunga anjalo agcwele futhi ahlala eceleni kwamagatsha.

Izindwangu zangaphandle zasemahlathini ziyi-round-oval shape. Ziyinto encane, encane. Ama-anthers, ayisithupha kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngenombolo, ajwayelekile kakhulu futhi cishe aphelile.

Ama-spikelets abesifazana alezi zitshalo atholakala njengama-anthers, okungukuthi, emilenzeni 1-2 mm ubude. I-Ephedra horsetail inamabhuloki angu-2-3 ama-bracts. Ngezansi, zinama-width-shape, futhi zincane-zebhubhu eceleni komkhawulo. Zingcolile yomoya.

Isithelo sinikeza i-ephedra? Isithombe samajikijolo zalesi sitshalo singabonakala kulesi sihloko. Unombala obomvu noma we-orange. Futhi, izithelo zasemahlathini okucatshangelwayo ziyinyama, i-globular-elongated kanye ne-single-seeded. Imbewu iyindilinga, i-4-6 mm ubude ne-convex ezinhlangothini zombili.

Ngabe izimpande ze-herdradra zithole nini? Isithombe sale shrub siboniswa ngenhla. Izimbali zalo zikhona ngoMeyi-June. Imbewu yesitshalo esifanayo ifinyelela ngokugcwele ngoJulayi, kanti ama-berries e-pineal awela ngo-September.

Efdra horsetail lapho ikhula khona?

E-Russia, le shrub ingatholakala esifundeni seVolga, naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNgxenye yeYurophu. Futhi, isitshalo esibuzwayo sisakazeke eCaucasus, ezintabeni zase-Asia Ephakathi, eNtshonalanga Siberia, eMpumalanga Tien Shan, eMongolia naseChina.

Kuziphi izindawo i-ephedra ehlala kuyo? Kuphi ukukhula kwe-shrub? Isitshalo esinjalo sibonakala ezindaweni ezizintaba. Itholakala ezintabeni zezintaba, ehlathini nasezintabeni ze-subalpine.

Ngokuvamile, i-shrub engaphansi kokucubungula ikhula emazingeni amatshe, ezindaweni ezinamadwala nasemigodini yamadwala, kufaka phakathi nendawo ephakeme yamamitha angu-1000 kuya ku-1700 ngaphezu kolwandle. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, izimpande zezimila ngenxa yesimiso saso semithombo.

Amafomu e-Efrta ama-horsetail ayifani kakhulu, kepha amahlathi amaningi kakhulu. Ifuna kakhulu ukukhanya, futhi iyakwazi ukukhiqiza izitshalo, ngokuhlukanisa izihlahla.

Sebenzisa emasimini okuhlobisa

Kungani i-ephedra horsetail iyadingeka? Ukutshala nokunakekela lesi sitshalo kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ngenxa yalokhu kuxhomeke ekubukeni kwayo kokuhlobisa.

Ngokusho kwezitshalo zezitshalo ze-botanist, i-shrub enjalo isetshenziselwa:

• Ukuklama komhlaba;
• Ukulingisa ama-massifs zasendle nemifula;
• Ukuhlelwa kwemvelo nokuhlobisa izingadi zamadwala nama rockeries;
• Ukudala ama-curbs phambi kwezitidi ze-stony;
• Ukulingisa iziphepho zeqhwa namagagasi ekubunjweni okuhlobisa ;
• Njengoba kugcizelelwa ngokombhalo kumklamo wanamuhla;
• Gcwalisa inhlabathi bese udala isitshalo sokuthutha ngemuva.

Ngeshwa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ephedra kunqunyelwe, njengoba kuqukethe izinto ezidakayo. Ukulima nokusabalalisa izihlahla ezinjalo kungavunyelwe umthetho. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimiso azisebenzisi izitshalo ezihlotshisiwe zokuhlobisa, ngoba i-ephedrine yamakhambi anjalo ayisetshenzisiwe ekuklanyeleni kwezwe.

Izimo zokukhula

Zonke izinhlobo ze-shrub ezibuzwayo zijwayele isimo sezulu esomileyo, kanye nesimo se-steppe, sedwala nenhlabathi. Ngakho-ke, zingalungiswa ngisho nasemhlabathini ompofu.

Lapho uhlobisa ingadi yakho, i-conifer kufanele inikwe indawo enelanga. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izitshalo ezinjalo zibekezeleleke kahle ngezingqikithi, azizona ezingenangqondo kumoya ongcolisiwe futhi azizesabi imimoya.

Umhlabathi we-ephedra horsetail udinga okhethekile. Njengoba uyazi, uthanda umhlabathi owomile futhi owomile.

Ukweqa ngaphezulu kwezihlahla ezinjalo kubulala, kuhlanganise nesikhathi sasebusika. Ama-conifers aphansi azwa kahle emaphoyiseni phakathi kwe-rockeries namatshe, futhi nasemhlabathini we-stony. Uma isitshalo sidinga ukutshala emasimini emifino noma inhlabathi evamile, kubalulekile ukubeka amanzi anamandla futhi aphezulu emigodini yokutshala.

Ukutshala isitshalo

Isayithi lokutshala i-shrub enjalo kufanele ilungiswe kusengaphambili. Inhlabathi iminywe ngokujulile futhi ixubene nesihlabathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla ayo.

Inhlabathi yempendulo ye-acidic noma i-medium neutral kumele ibe nomkhawulo. Futhi phansi kwezingxenyeni zokufika kwasakaza ungqimba oluphezulu lwamanzi.

I-Ephedra horsetail kahle ithatha izimpande kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esiphezulu kakhulu sokufika kwayo:

• Maphakathi no-Ephreli-May;
• Phakathi nango-Agasti-Septemba.

Ukutshala izihlahla kwenzeka ngendlela ejwayelekile. Into esemqoka kulokhu, musa ukuguqula intamo eqinile. Ukuphuza isitshalo ngemuva kokutshala kuyimpoqo. Amanzi asatshalaliswa nxazonke emgodini wokufika. Kamuva, ukuphuza i-ephedra kwenziwa kuphela ngesomiso.

Ukunakekela isihlahla

I-Ephedra horsetail iyisitshalo esiphikelela futhi esiqinile. Ukunakekelwa kwalo kuncishiswe ukugcina ukugeleza kwenhlabathi kanye nekhono layo lokudlula uketshezi.

Ukunisela akudingekile kulezi zitshalo. Uma kubandakanywa ukushisa okwedlulele, ukugcina i-humidification kuzokhuthaza ukubunjwa kwamajikijolo amahle.

Akukho okufaka umquba okudingekayo kulawo ma-conifers, ngaphandle uma bekhula emhlabathini ompofu ompofu.

Iphuzu eliyinhloko lokunakekela i-ephedra likhulula inhlabathi. Yenza lokhu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nokuwa.

Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali nokubaluleka komnotho

Ngokuqinisekile zonke izingxenye zehlathi ezibuzwayo ziqukethe i-pseudoephedrine ne-ephedrine. Amahlumela alesi sitshalo afaka kuze kufike kuma-tannins angu-11%. Zingasetshenziswa ukuthola izitshalo ze-tannic.

E- Asia Ephakathi naseKazakhstan, ngezinye izikhathi umlotha weziqu ze-ephedra horsetail wanezelwa ekuhloleni ugwayi.

Isicelo emithi

I-Ephedrine iyisisindo esiba nomphumela oshukumisayo ohlelweni lwezinzwa zomphakathi nasenhliziyweni. Ibuye ivimbele i-peristalsis yamathumbu, izimbangela zezinsimbi, iphakamisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi, ivuselele isikhungo sokuphefumula futhi ikhulise i-bronchi.

Ukusuka ku-adrenaline lesi sici kuhlukile ngokuthi umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwawo ukhula kancane kancane, kodwa unesenzo eside.

Amalungiselelo asekelwe kulesi sitshalo asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa u-vasoconstriction ngo-rhinitis nezimo ezivuthayo, kanye nendlela yokunyusa ukucindezelwa kwegazi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, izifo ezithathelwanayo, izifo eziphuthumayo, i-myasthenia gravis, i-traumas, ubuthi obuhlungu ngamaphilisi okulala nezidakamizwa ezidakayo. Ukwengeza, i-ephedrine isetshenziswe ngokuqinile ekutheni i-ophthalmic practice ikhulise abafundi ekuxilongweni.

Imiphumela emibi

Uma i-ephedrine ingasetshenzisiwe ngendlela efanele, imemezele imiphumela emibi, ebonakaliswa njengesiyaluyalu, isizungu, ukuthuthumela okukhanyayo, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu be-precardial, i-palpitation, ukwesaba ukufa, ukucindezeleka okukhulu, ukulala nokushonelwa, ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, ukubambezeleka kokuchama kanye ne-hyperhidrosis, kanye nokukhanda ikhanda nokunqunywa Ukuhlambalaza.