Gediminas Tower: umlando, tesakhiwo, ukubaluleka

Old Tower of Gediminas (Lithuania, Vilnius) iyona nje ulondoloze ebiyelweyo ngesikhathi abadumile Castle Hill. Ukwakhiwa kubhekwa isibonelo omangalisayo medieval izakhiwo Gothic. Kuyinto iwuphawu Vilnius, endaweni ngoba abavakashi uthinte umlando.

Gediminas Tower (Lithuania)

lesikhumbuzo zomlando namasiko e Vilnius yaqanjwa umsunguli waleli dolobha - Grand UMbusi Lithuania Gediminas. On imiyalo yakhe, le nqaba phezu Castle Hill sase sibekiwe. Kusukela okuyingxenye layo elingenhla ngesimo samanje kuhlale omkhulu imitha-amabili umbhoshongo, yakhiwa ngamatshe yemvelo kanye isitini.

Ukwakhiwa esiye sabhekana izimpi eziningi, ukuba ime ekulweni, nakuba izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali esikhathini samanje nosuku sibonga nokubuyiselwa eziningana. Isikhathi kushintsha landscape, idwala ezintabeni sidilike. Ngo-2010, umsebenzi sina ukuvimbela ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, aletha usongo nolokubhujiswa izikhumbuzo zomlando namasiko sezenziwe.

Ngesikhathi umbhoshongo wawuyingxenye kwangaphakathi inqaba eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezakhiwe njengoba uhlu lokugcina defense elibekwa abahlaseli kuhlasela. Western walondoloza design kuphela zakhiwo ezimbili ezinde futhi kocingo annular. isakhiwo Massive okwamanje amathathu phansi. Umbhoshongo kuyinto esime i octagon ne salabo izikhathi izintuba amafasitela. Lo rise izibuya kwenziwa imbedded udonga ezitebhisini Kuvunguza.

legend

Kukhona yisho ukuthi uthango kule ndawo yayikhona ngaphambi (XIII ekhulwini). Noma kunjalo, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi embhoshongweni Gediminas Castle futhi wonke Vilna kwavela ngemva kokubona Lithuanian Duke Gediminas. Ukuzingela nge nabasizi bakhe kulezo zindawo ngamaholide ephusheni wabona impisi omkhulu, emi egqumeni. Yena akubiza nihewule abadelelayo, owesaba akekho. Prince usolwa ngokuthi wazama ukukhuluma amshaya umcibisholo izikhathi eziningana. Kodwa ukuthola hhayi ona him, ngoba wayethethelela egqoke zempi. Imicibisholo umane labhampa off imvunulo yakhe yempi.

Ukuhunyushwa abapristi ubuthongo sebehlala eyodwa: umbono kungaba uphawu kwaphezulu. Basikisela ukuba esikhundleni impisi bayokwenza kahle ukubeka inqaba. Gediminas wanquma ukwenza kanjalo, njengoba abapristi belulekwa, ngoba babecabanga ukuthi le nqaba omangalisayo futhi edolobheni esizayo emhlabeni kuba ukukhazimulisa Lithuanian ubukhulu. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, yaqala ukwakhiwa enqabeni aphakemeyo nge emithambekeni emaweni. A uphawu Vilnius uyimpisi zempi.

indaba

Ubufakazi osaphila, eyinkimbinkimbi castle esase sikhona kakade 1323. Kwezindonga zamatshe kanye phezulu enqabeni, zombili lezi zakhiwo kwakhiwa mhlawumbe engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XIV. Ngenkathi abaseBhabhiloni bevimbezele we Crusaders ekupheleni kwekhulu le nqaba yabhidlika obonakele. Ngemva umlilo ezinkulu (1419) lenqaba futhi eMbhoshongweni Ka Gediminas abuyiselwe Duke Vytautas (umzukulu Gediminas).

Izinqaba izinqaba kancane kancane saphela okunqumayo kule mpi, njengoba wezikhali ngesikhathi livinjezelwe ungase negate umsebenzi olwawuvikele. Noma kunjalo, ngo-1960 i-Upper Castle oye wama phezu okuvela kwezinhloko zamaviyo Polish-Lithuanian. ikhanda isiRashiya, ababebalekele lapho, isikhathi eside (izinyanga 16), wamelana iJerusalema livinjezelwe. Ngenxa eziphakeme evelele kanye nokwenzeka kuwo umlilo kose izibhamu, ukugcina ehlasela. Upper Castle, walimala kanzima ngemuva kokuthi kwenzeke isehlakalo, ngokuphelele njengoba injalo yasekuqaleni ayisaxhunyanisiwe abuyiselwe.

Gediminas Tower: ikheli indawo

Ngo-panorama kwedolobha Castle Hill nombhoshongo kuphela kulo usesikhundleni evelele. Ngokwalokho ayezibonele kona yayo emphemeni sesigodi eMfuleni Vilnia ngokuphelele izakhiwo kubonakala ikota mlando, ngokumelene isizinda izakhiwo zesimanje. Le ntaba ngokwayo etholakala eduze Cathedral square eduze zokuxhumana isonto. Stanislaus. emithambekeni emaweni ephakama ukuphakama cishe 50 amamitha (143 m ngaphezu kolwandle).

Kusukela Lower Castle ukuze Gediminas Tower engafinyelelwa ikhebula emotweni, ekuthandeni ezungezile, noma nihambahambe endleleni ngesimo Kuvunguza. Emanxiweni aleli Upper Castle sekuseduze by. Yahlala isisekelo sesibili (eningizimu) ingxenye umbhoshongo ngakho konke nabaqaphi inqaba. Ingungu yensimbi ekhaliswayo ngokushaywa ka ezitebhisini Kuvunguza, emihle seliphelile ukushuba odongeni, 78 izinyathelo, ungathola labagibeli observation, engaphezulu kwenye amamitha amabili.

isicelo

Ukuqiniswa Upper Castle kwakuyizinto ezazisetshenziswa kwa-non-lempi kuyilapho izindawo asizayo. Kube arsenal lagcinwa, kwaba ongakasetshenzwa okugcinwa ngoba izinhlamvu kanye nemishini. Gediminas umbhoshongo lalisetshenziswa njenge-observation reference iphuzu. Kwake kwaba nesikhathi lapho Upper Castle yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo Igumbi ejele. Izinsalela izindonga amanxiwa kancane kancane adiliza. Ukuphumelela ezimbili Phansi umbhoshongo-yalolucwaningo 30 we XIX zithathelwe for nokubekwa amasosha. Isihlanganisi engenhla wamiswa add-e sesibili. Kube yesibani ifakwe yocingo optical.

Ukulandela Ukuhoxiswa nezivikelo egqumeni enqabeni inani izinqaba (1878), yonke imiklamo benziwa litholakale emphakathini. On the umbhoshongo kwaba ongakasetshenzwa umlilo-umbhoshongo. On eziyizitezi yayo aphansi has a ikhofi. superstructure Ngokhuni ukuthi adiliza ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe I, futhi endaweni yawo kabusha esitezi sesithathu. Kusukela ngo-1960, ezakhiweni basembhoshongweni abuyiselwe kutshengisa Lithuanian National Museum. Lapho eya emphemeni okwashiwo uqimba engenhla, izivakashi kanye ubani bangase bazibone panorama komuzi. Liphinde sibonisa Flagpole, okuyinto izimpukane ifulege lesizwe.

Inani

Ngemva nokubuyiselwa eziningana Gediminas Tower ekhatsi Vilnius waba yindawo wavakashelwa abavakashi. Ngaphakathi ke, noma ubani angabona nokuchaza eNational Museum (zikhona igatsha lawo). Ungakwazi ukubheka onobuhle izinqaba zasendulo izinkathi ezahlukene, bheka impi nokugqoka Knights Lithuanian ngesikhathi izimpi XIII-XVIII eminyaka.

Nge umbhoshongo exhunywe kwi-isiko yonyaka ifulege ngokuvuswa. Emuva ngo-1919, January 1, amavolontiya alwa lokuqala ephakanyiswe phezu Flagpole tricolor kazwelonke wamanje (flag on imibala ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani futhi abomvu). Gediminas Tower - kuyinto izivakashi hhayi kuphela Ukuheha maphakathi ebunyeni alwa isimo, kubuye kube isikhumbuzo esibalulekile yomlando, ubungcweti, bokwakhiwa ephakathi, ifa walondoloza ngokuyisimangaliso abantu Lithuanian.