"Gabapentin" kanye notshwala: ukubuyekezwa. "Gabapentin": yokusetshenziswa, kobufakazi nesineke futhi odokotela

Ngezikhathi ezithile, imisipha amajaqamba uhlupho kubantu abaningi. Nokho, bambalwa abantu abacabanga ukuthi kungani uthi enjalo ngokuvamile kuphakama.

Ngokwe-art, ukuquleka kungaba ezahlukene: generalized (tonic, clonic, tonic-clonic futhi myoclonic) futhi ngokwengxenye (elula eziyinkimbinkimbi). umuthi asetshenziselwa ukwelapha nokuquleka zokugcina ngokuthi "Gabapentin". Yokusetshenziswa, ukubuyekezwa kanye contraindications of the izidakamizwa izokwethulwa ngemva kwesikhashana.

Kufanele ngokushesha kuqashelwe ukuthi, ngenxa ukuquleka esinqunyiwe libhekene ukungabi nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. isimo esinjalo ezingavamile. Babonakala clonic nokuquleka imvelo ezihilela imisipha ngezandla, iinyawo ubuso.

Ukwakheka, incazelo, womkhiqizo futhi ngezithako zawo

ithengiswe nomuthi "Gabapentin" ngayiphi indlela? Nobufakazi ukubika ukuthi lo muthi angathengwa at ekhemisi ngesimo kanzima gelatin amaphilisi e white. okuqukethwe kwabo kuyinto emhlophe noma aphuzi powder izidakamizwa.

Isithako asebenzayo lokhu ejenti kuyinto gabapentin. Futhi, kuhlanganisa nemiyo lowengetiwe ngendlela sodium carboxymethyl isitashi, i-calcium stearate futhi microcrystalline cellulose. Njengoba for amaphilisi, ziqukethe gelatin futhi titanium dioxide.

Ngo iphakheji ithengiswe lesi sidakamizwa "Gabapentin"? Izibuyekezo Umthengi bathi emashalofini Pharmacy izidakamizwa ingatholakala amakhadibhodi amaphakethe, okuyinto ezibekwe noma polymeric amaphilisi namakani noma ukunquma nentaba esitokisini.

Umgomo we isenzo izidakamizwa

Kanjani lesi sidakamizwa "Gabapentin"? Imiyalelo (ukubuyekezwa imithi ethulwa ekupheleni isihloko) ibika ukuthi izidakamizwa oyiyo kufana kakhulu neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (Gaba ngamafitshane). Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi isimiso wesenzo ngokuyisisekelo ihluke kwezinye izidakamizwa ukuthi basebenzisane Gaba-receptor (isib valproate, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, Gaba transaminase inhibitor, Gaba reuptake inhibitor, Gaba agonists futhi prodrugs ka Gaba).

izidakamizwa Okubukwe akanazakhiwo Gaba-ni futhi akuphazamisi bamba futhi umzimba Gaba. ochwepheshe Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi isithako esebenzayo ye-ejenti ngu sesibopho ukuthobisa α2-δ-subunit iziteshi voltage ancike calcium, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukugeleza calcium ion, ezidlala indima ebalulekile nokuqala kwemihelo-ubuhlungu neuropathic.

Izici izidakamizwa anticonvulsant

Yiziphi ezinye izici possessed izidakamizwa "Gabapentin"? Uphenyo odokotela bathi kuyaphumelela kakhulu ubuhlungu neuropathic. Lesi sidakamizwa kunciphisa glutamate ancike ukufa neuronal, okwandisa Gaba zamagama, kanye inqubo ukucindezelwa sokukhululwa monoamine amaqembu neurotransmitter.

Asinakusho ukuthi at lokuhlala emtholampilo ezifanele izidakamizwa "Gabapentin" asisho abophe ukuze receptor nezinye izidakamizwa (noma neurotransmitters), kuhlanganise GABAA receptor futhi GABAB, futhi glutamate, benzodiazepine receptor, glycine, futhi N-methyl-D- aspartate.

Ngokungafani "Carbamazepine" futhi "phenytoin", ibhekwa njengomlando wesonto nomuthi engahambisani ngeziteshi sodium. Ukulungiselela "gabapentin" ingxenye attenuates imithelela glutamate yokwamukela agonist ezifana N-methyl-D-aspartate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwehlisa kakhulu ukukhululwa kwe monoamine neurotransmitters.

I izakhiwo kinetic zomuthi

Yiziphi esingokwemvelo kinetic imingcele Amaphilisi "Gabapentin"? Nobufakazi Ngeke ukwazi ukuphendula lo mbuzo. Ukuze ukuthole, kuzodingeka ukuba baphendukele ochwepheshe abanolwazi noma imiyalelo afakiwe.

Ngokwe-mBhalo, bioavailability of wathi izidakamizwa ezingekho wakhona umthamo yokutholwa. Lapho inani izidakamizwa kuyehla.

Ngemva kokuthola lezi nomuthi ku yakhe esiphezulu plasma lokuhlushwa waphawula ngemva 3 h. I bioavailability eliphelele izidakamizwa amaphilisi cishe 60%. Ukudla, kuhlanganise ezikhuluphele kakhulu, akunamthelela le kinetics zomuthi.

Ukuhoxiswa "Gabapentin" wegazi lesiguli Kwenziwa umfuziselo komugqa. isikhathi isigamu-ukuphila kuzimele umthamo futhi cishe 5-7 amahora.

I izakhiwo kinetic zomuthi akashintshi ngisho uma sisetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe. I lokuhlushwa izidakamizwa egazini kungaba ezibikezelwe ngokusekelwe imiphumela umthamo yayo olulodwa.

I nomuthi "Gabapentin" kakhulu asisho abophe ukuze plasma amaprotheni (ngaphansi kuka 3%). It uboniswa ifomu ingashintshiwe nge nezinso.

Ukugaya imithi is hhayi obala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokho akusho ntombazane hepatic oxidative enzyme, kuhileleke nezinye izinkinga okuyinto umzimba ezinye izidakamizwa.

I imvume ejenti kusukela egazini incipha kubantu abadala kanye neziguli nge kahle izinso umsebenzi.

Ukulungiselela "gabapentin" esuswa umzimba by hemodialysis.

Izinkomba ukuze bathole imishanguzo engabasiza

Ngayiphi izifo sisuke sicabanga kuyinto izidakamizwa ngempumelelo ikakhulukazi? Yini abantu bathini mayelana lemibono?

"Gabapentin" sibonisa ezinhle ngokwayo ku:

• ubuhlungu neuropathic ezigulini omdala (iminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu);
• monotherapy noma njengoba izidakamizwa aphelele ekwelapheni nokuquleka ngokwengxenye, ephelezelwa nje okungaqondile zamabanga abadala nentsha engu-12 ubudala.

Izimo imithi kokuthola

Yiziphi Izimo izidakamizwa has "Gabapentin"? Izibuyekezo isicelo ukubika ukuthi kunomthelela ongemuhle emzimbeni, uma imithi sesamukelwe ku:

• hypersensitivity kunoma yiziphi izinto ezinkulu;
• ukuquleka esinqunyiwe ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12.

Kudingeka ukunakekela okukhethekile iyindlela engabelwe nokwehluleka ukusebenza kwezinso.

kufanele Ngithatha kanjani imithi "Gabapentin"?

Ukubuyekezwa (neuralgia lokhu remedy kusiza ezinhle kakhulu) kufanele ubeke ukuthi izidakamizwa kufanele sinikezwe kuphela udokotela abanolwazi, ngemva uphethwe yini.

Gelatin amaphilisi athathwa ngomlomo by singagwinyi lonke, ngefomu yabo. Umuthi ziphele kungakhathaliseki ukudla, wageza phansi ketshezi luningi. Uma udinga ukwehlisa umthamo imithi ukukhansela noma esikhundleni Analogue bayo, abese lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kancane kancane nasemabhizinisini isikhathi esiyisonto.

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa ubuhlungu neuropathic e abadala

Njengoba kule izenzo isimo imithi kubhekwa? Yini abantu bathini mayelana Izibuyekezo wezokwelapha? "Gabapentin" kakhulu ngempumelelo kuzibonakalisa ngenxa yobuhlungu neuropathic. Ekwelapheni kokuqala isimo umthamo ezifana nsuku zonke kufanele kube 900 mg. Inani wathi ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu. Uma kudingeka, umthamo liyakhula kancane kancane kuze kufike (isb, kuze 3600 mg ngelanga).

ukuquleka esinqunyiwe

kufanele Ngithatha kanjani imithi "gabapentin" kulesi sifo na? Izibuyekezo babike ukuthi ithuluzi angabelwa hhayi kuphela abantu abadala, kodwa iminyaka intsha kusuka 12.

Umthamo eliphumelelayo nokuquleka esinqunyiwe kubhekwe 900-2400 mg ngosuku. Ukwelashwa yalesi sifo uyaqala ne-300 mg zomuthi kathathu ngosuku. Ngemva kwalokho umthamo wansuku zonke kufanele senyukela 900 mg, nokuningi futhi kuze kufinyelele 2400 mg ngelanga (ihlukaniswe ngemithamo ezintathu alinganayo).

Isikhawu esiphakathi ngemithamo zomuthi reception yayo kathathu akufanele kube amahora ephakeme kunaleyo 12 (ukugwema resumption of nokuquleka).

side effects

Yini ukusabela ezingezinhle kungenzeka seziguli ezithola anticonvulsant? Okushiwo ngabantu ngalokhu Izibuyekezo umthengi? "Gabapentin" ekwelapheni ubuhlungu neuropathic kungabangela:

• asthenia, ukulimala ngengozi, ubuhlungu kwasendaweni ezahlukene, ubuhlungu emuva, ukutheleleka, umkhuhlane syndrome, ikhanda, isisindo somzimba, edema neuropathy;
• Gait nasiphazamiso, ataxia, ukulahlekelwa amandla okukhumbula, hypoesthesia, ukudideka, isiyezi, ukucabanga kahle, ukozela, eliqhaqhazelayo;
• ukuqunjelwa, ukubuyisa, ukukhishwa isisu, ukuhlanza, nomlomo owomile, dyspepsia, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu besisu;
• ukuqubuka kwesikhumba;
• iphika, umphimbo obuhlungu,
• amblyopia.

Ekwelapheni nokuquleka ngokwengxenye, umuthi kunomthelela ukuvela:

• yobuhlungu beqolo, ukukhathala, imfiva, ikhanda, igciwane lohlobo, edema neuropathy, isisindo somzimba, ukukhathala, ukucobeka edema ebusweni;
• ukuqunjelwa, isifo kwamazinyo, isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa, isifiso sokudla kakhulu, nomlomo owomile noma umphimbo, ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuvuvukala sokuzincisha ukudla, gingivitis;
• uphawu vasodilation noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
• leukopenia, purpura;
• Ngokuvamile abantu baphuka izinqulu, myalgia futhi arthralgia;
• ukulahlekelwa amandla okukhumbula, ataxia, ukudideka, incoordination, ukucindezeleka dysarthria, lability ngokomzwelo, ukuqwasha, uvalo nystagmus, ukozela, ukucabanga okungavamile, liqhaqhazela, imisipha ukudikiza, isiyezi, hyperkinesia; inzuzo, kuyadamba noma ukungabi khona ingqondo, ukukhathazeka paresthesia, ubutha;
• imihuzuko, induna, isikhumba ukulunywa, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba;
• ukukhwehlela, pharyngitis, rhinitis, i-pneumonia,
• amblyopia, diplopia, angaboni kahle;
• pheshana urinary nezifo, nokuvusa induku.

amacala ukweqisa izidakamizwa

Yini izimpawu ukweqisa izidakamizwa kungabangela wathi nomuthi? Kuthiwani ngalo bathi izibuyekezo? "Gabapentin" ukweqisa izidakamizwa kubangela double umbono, isiyezi, ukozela, inkulumo kahle, ukucobeka kanye nesifo sohudo.

Ukuqeda uthi ezifana yokwelapha lingaze, kanye isisulu wageza esiswini nimnike namalahle isebenze.

Iziguli ezinzima esingamahlalakhona kwezinso, hemodialysis kuboniswa.

Izidakamizwa "Gabapentin" kanye notshwala

Izibuyekezo Ochwepheshe ukubika ukuthi nekusebenta izidakamizwa kubhekwe kakhulu. Kodwa lokhu kungatholakala kuphela uma kwenzeka ukuthi isikhathi sokusebenza kwawo isiguli ishiywa ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala.

Uma izidakamizwa is kuhlangene utshwala, isiguli singase kakhulu ukuba zimbi kakhulu ukusabela ezingezinhle ezivela isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko (stupor, ataxia, njll).

izidakamizwa ekuhlanganyeleni

Izidakamizwa "gabapentin" e yezinzwa, ukubuyekezwa zazo zingaphezu omuhle, zingahlanganiswa hhayi yonke imithi.

Ngokusho imiyalelo, antacids ukunciphisa bioavailability zomuthi.

Myelotoxicity izidakamizwa ukwandisa haematotoxicity Amaphilisi "Gabapentin".

Lapho kuhlangene i-morphine pharmacokinetics yayo aliguquki. Nokho, lapho inhlanganisela enjalo kufanele ziqashwe ngokucophelela kungenzeka ukusabela isimiso sezinzwa.

nomuthi Okubukwe lingathathwa kanyekanye ne izidakamizwa antiepileptic (isb, "pentobarbital", "Carbamazepine", "Phenytoin" futhi valproic acid) kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela ukukhulelwa ngomlomo. Kulokhu, awusebenzi ukushintsha kinetics.

izincomo ezithile

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi syndrome ukuhoxiswa nge okuvela nokuquleka ekwelapheni "gabapentin" awuzange imakwe i ukumisa ngokushesha ngemithi antiepileptic kubantu abanegciwane nokuquleka ngokwengxenye usengakwazi avuse Ukudlikizela eqinile.

imithi Okubukwe akuyona indlela ephumelelayo ukuzinqoba ukungabi isithuthwane.

Abantu abadinga ukwelashwa eziyinkimbinkimbi nge-morphine, kungase kudingeke i umthamo anda "gabapentin". Kulokhu, ukuqinisekisa nokuqapha njalo isiguli sokuthuthukiswa ukozela. Ngezinye nemithi yayo ekukhombeni umthamo kufanele ngokwanele encishisiwe.

Lapho kuhlangene "gabapentin" nezinye izidakamizwa anticonvulsant abikwe Imiphumela okungamanga ekutholweni amaprotheni ku umchamo usebenzisa ukuhlolwa emapheshana Ames N-Multistix SG. Kule ndaba, ngoba izifundo ezinjalo ukuncoma ukusetshenziswa kwezulu indlela ethize sulfosalicylic acid.

Izibuyekezo ochwepheshe kanye abathengi

Izibuyekezo Iningi kodokotela neziguli mayelana "Gabapentin" ukulungiselela akhayo. Le mibiko zisikisela ukuthi izidakamizwa yokubhekana ngokuphumelela kulo msebenzi. Nokho, uma kuhlangene utshwala ngokuvamile ukuthuthukisa ukusabela kabi komzimba omubi isimiso sezinzwa.

Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele yokuthi ukudamba ngokushesha izidakamizwa kungabangela ukwazi iziguli imizwa, ukucobeka futhi ucasukile.

Abantu abaningi baye baphawula ukuthi ukuthathwa lokhu kusho ukuthi ukucindezeleka nemicabango yokuzibulala. Futhi, imithi ngokuvamile kubangela ukuthuthukiswa pancreatitis oyingozi.

Ochwepheshe batusa emithini yokuselapha "Gabapentin" kuphela ngaphansi kweso udokotela bazokwazi ngokushesha ulungise lwemithi zokwelapha njengoba kudingeka.