Ezinzwa Hypoglossal. Ukuhlola emsipheni hypoglossal

Abantu abangenalukholo abanazo nokwelapha, akunakwenzeka ukuba Cabanga nangalokho emsipheni hypoglossal. Kodwa kwezinye izimo, lolu lwazi kungaba kubaluleke kakhulu. Kunezindlela eziningana izinkinga ezingaba ona izinga lokuphila elihlobene ne ulimi futhi emsipheni hypoglossal. Ake sihlole kubo ngokuningiliziwe.

Cishe nje eziyinkimbinkimbi

Hypoglossal ezinzwa izimpahla, okusho ixhumana kwalapho ulimi nge isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko. Linikeza motor (efferent) emsipheni, okuvumela isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko ukulawula imisebenzi yolimi futhi orbicularis Oris kwemisipha. Emsipheni ibhangqwe, limelela pair weshumi nambili ka-izinzwa cranial. Sivela sulcus anterolateral futhi nucleus yayo itholakala eduze oblongata medulla.

Oral ezinzwa hypoglossal ithumela pulses futhi inikeza umsebenzi engenhla, aphansi, longitudinal, transverse nemisipha ulimi mpo. Yena unesibopho ukuhamba kwesilevu-lingual, sublingual, lingual futhi styloid imisipha.

Kanjani ukuqonda udokotela. Meaning of imigomo

Njengoba ulwazi emsipheni hypoglossal kancane okunzima ukuyiqonda, iziguli musa njalo ukuqonda lokho isazi sithi. Ukuze uqonde uphethwe, kubalulekile ukwazi amanye amatemu:

1. Gemiglossoplegiya. Le nkulumo ibhekisela ukukhubazeka kwesigamu nolimi.
2. Laloplegi - esimweni ukukhubazeka ngokuphelele ulimi lwakhe.
3. "Dysarthria". Sifo, ukudalula ukuhlukumeza yokukhuluma abakhuluma kahle. Egwinya ephelezelwa umuzwa izinto nezingahlobene nendaba emlonyeni.
4. "Anartrija '- uphethwe, ukuchaza ukuthi inkulumo uyiqaphuqaphu akunakwenzeka.

Lezi zincazelo ingatholakala nemilando ezihlobene emsipheni hypoglossal, kaningi. ukubaluleka yabo ukukhumbula.

Yini isiguli ekhononda

Ukuze ubone udokotela, iziguli ikakhulukazi akhononde nobuthakathaka ulimi. Bangase bathole kunzima ukukhuluma, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ukugwinya. Kancane kancane, inkinga ekhulayo, nolimi ihamba sibi kakhulu. Isiguli singase sibe nomuzwa wokuthi uye 'emlonyeni ogcwele iphalishi ", ngenxa okuyinto inkulumo yakhe okunzima ukuyiqonda. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, iphele ngokuphelele.

ngihlolwa

Uma abasolwa Uchwepheshe okushayile ezinzwa hypoglossal, izimpawu ke eyonquma ngesikhathi kuhlolwa ulimi ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Into yokuqala kubuza udokotela ukunamathela ngolimi lwakhe. Ungamangali, lesi senzo esilula kungase kubonise inkinga eyisisekelo. Udokotela uzokwazi zibukeke kutholakale umsuka wendaba yesihluku sifo. Uma emsipheni hypoglossal ayisebenzi, nolimi kuphambuka eceleni. Lokhu kungenxa hypotonia imisipha ngakolunye uhlangothi. Yonke ebusweni umzimba kubukeka ukushwabana bese uba anolaka. Kodwa lapha kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi iziguli eziningi ukwenqaba ngamabomu ulimi towards udokotela kangangokuthi angabangela zibukeke kangcono kuso. Uma kukhona ukungabaza ukuthi zinjalo yini ulimi okungahleliwe noma okungalindelekile sinqatshiwe, ukunikeza isiguli uthinte ichopho udebe eliphezulu. Uma lesi sifo alikho, ithiphu uzobe ephakathi nendawo, uma ushayisa ezinzwa - is abangenamakhaya nganxanye.

Ngaphandle ngeziphambeko udokotela kufanele sinake yoma futhi fibrillar ukudikiza.

lesion Bilateral we emsipheni hypoglossal siyenzeka cishe u-20% amacala. Lesi sifo zingelashwa sibi futhi kungaholela ukuqedela ukulahlekelwa yokukhuluma.

Izinketho uphethwe. peripheral

Eqinisweni, peripheral - ukulimala kwenzwa egqoke non ukuvuvukala ngokwemvelo. Endabeni le hypoglossal emsipheni uphethwe inikezwe sehlukaniswe peripheral emaphakathi kanye neuropathy.

Central indlela kortikonuklearnyh kuthinta emsipheni. Inkinga kuthinta cortex, futhi i-nucleus ye nambili nezinzwa cranial. Lolu hlobo lwe-peripheral ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswe nezinkinga emsipheni ebusweni. Ulimi lapho protruded kuphambuka ukuba esesayidini izilonda, njengoba umnyombo emsipheni hypoglossal kungenxa Nenkabazwe okuphambene. Yoma futhi fibrillar ukudikiza ningagcini.

Inqubo kungase kudingeke izinyathelo eziningana. Uma emsipheni hypoglossal wamshaya kuphela endaweni yomnyango yangaphakathi, imisipha abathintekayo kuphela umsebenzi ulimi.

Uma lesion iqale ngaphansi ophumayo isiteshi emsipheni hypoglossal, inkinga kuthinta izinzwa ezixhumene ne ameva wesibeletho. Lokhu kuholela ukuphazamiseka ukusebenza kwemisipha ukuthi ubambe amalaka. Ukugwinya uzobe saya eceleni enempilo.

peripheral neuropathy

ukukhubazeka Flaccid we emsipheni hypoglossal sitholakale uma inqubo kuthinta emgogodleni noma nucleus intracerebral. Odokotela bayibhale incenye letsi "paresis ka nemisipha yolimi." Zombili lezi amagama okulingana. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo eyodwa emaceleni, kodwa uma kukhona zokugula izikhwebu, kungase sibonakalise umonakalo imisipha nhlangothi zombili. On luhlolo, inkinga yoma lubonakale olimi. Izicubu ilahlekelwa kuyaqina, iba flabby futhi "ngayinyomfoza ngayiphosa". Uma kunjalo inzima, umzimba umsebenzi motor lase kakhulu kungagcini.

Uma emsipheni hypoglossal kuthintwa Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ulimi lwami lukhuluma ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo is abangenamakhaya ukuba ecaleni njengoba yayinjalo. Lapho lesi siguli silandela imithetho out ulimi lwakhe, ukuthi saya eceleni ethintekile. Udokotela angakwazi ukubona ukundindizela fibrillar (ukudikiza). Lena ngezinye izikhathi kudidaniswe evamile imisipha Twitch, okungase kwenzeke ngesikhathi voltage kolimi ngesikhathi ophumile. Uma uchwepheshe waphawula lokhu mkhuba, kufanele ucele nesineke ukukhulula imisipha olimi. Jwayelekile imisipha ukuzamazama kwakuzokwenzeka nini, futhi fibrillar ahlale.

Nge ezijulile ezinzwa yenuzi lesion uphawu eyengeziwe kungase kube isiyingi imisipha yoma umlomo. Isiguli akakwazi ukwenza izenzo elula - ukubeka phansi izindebe zabo iziyise Friend tube, amakhwela, buhlungu.

Esikhathini paresis flaccid isitho bilaterally okhubazekile uhlezi phezu phansi ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. Inkulumo nekhono zigwinye kakhulu i-.

Izizathu kokunqotshwa-nucleus emsipheni hypoglossal ziba zimbi kangangokuba zingenza. Wokukhulula ezivamile:

• gravis;
• motor neuron isifo, ie kokunqotshwa le Izinzwa ;
• siringobulbiyu;
• uvendle;
• izinkinga semithambo.

Chaza ngokuningiliziwe izimpawu zezifo eziningana.

Bulbar futhi pseudobulbar palsy

Imbangela sifo esiwohlozayo lokuqala izicubu ukonakala e cortex, kahle igazi flow medulla oblongata, ukubukeka stem izimila polientsefalomielit, zokugula kwesakhiwo, ukulimala, base Yekhanda.

Tags: kuthule kuthé cwaka epiglottis, amalaka nolwanga elithambile, izwi ushintsho, ukushonelwa inkulumo anokuhambisana, ukugwinya (uketshezi ukudla kungaba iyangena ekhaleni), nokuvaleka kwemigudu yokuphefumula. ukulele Vocal e "isikhundla cadaveric" ulimi fibrillar ukudikiza. Uma ngaphezu kwalokho ehlaselwe emsipheni ebusweni kanye trigeminal, le masseter imisipha yoma, futhi umhlathi ongezansi droops.

Pseudobulbar palsy kuyafana bulbar, kodwa lokhu ukunqotshwa korkovoyadernyh elala zombili. Ezisithinta inqwaba yokwaziswa okulethwa yizinzwa cranial, kuhlanganise emsipheni hypoglossal, kukhona ischemia palsy. Izimpawu kungezwe salivating ukunyakaza reflex we zamehlo, iziqubu zokukhala noma ukuhleka, komqondo kanye intelligence encishisiwe.

Izindlela ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa

Udokotela uqhuba umlando yezokwelapha, enze kuhlolwe ngamehlo ukuqinisekisa uphethwe uqoka CT noma i-MRI zobuchopho. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba kutholakale imbangela yokushona kokucindezelwa we emsipheni hypoglossal.

Noma iyiphi inqubo yokwelapha unikezwa emva isiqinisekiso uphethwe. Umgomo oyinhloko - nethonya elihle sifo ecashile. Ukuzelapha akuvunyelwe!