Ezincelisayo Pinnipeds: umbono jikelele

pinnipeds lamabutho - iqembu elincane, ababebalelwa zinhlobo-30. Kukhona imindeni emithathu:

• seal kweqiniso;
• seal eared;
• walruses.

izilwane ezidla baphile ikakhulukazi emanzini. On yezwe a ezithile ekuphileni.

izici Jikelele

Njengoba sekushiwo, abamele leli qembu - ke walruses nezimpawu. Chaza izici jikelele. Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle pinnipeds - a izilwane kunalokho enkulu nge isisindo esiphezulu amathani 3.5 we emzimbeni nomzimba obuphelele-6 wamamitha ubude. Side imikiswe umzimba tapering kuze ikhanda nomsila. Intamo obukhulu ngasebenzi ngaphandle lwezimpawu eared. Iningi nasemilenzeni kufihlwe esikhwameni isiqu. Ukuqina ulwelwesi obunesikhumba lebhokisi iminwe emikhawulweni, ukwakha amaphiko. Konke lokhu kungenxa ejwayelekile lezi ezincelisayo (pinnipeds lamabutho). Ezahlukene zezilwane izimpiko ngokungalingani asethuthukile.

nemilenze yakhe zisetshenziselwa kuphela ukunyakaza. Nge indluzelekazi emaphikweni izilwane oscillate. Kulokhu, umthwalo oyinhloko ewela ezingemuva kwemisipha emzimbeni. I emaphikweni phambi silinganise isiqu omkhulu futhi umsebenzi amasondo ayo. Lezizibonakaliso pinnipeds ukhombe lithathelwe yabo imvelo yasemanzini.

Isikhumba onephunga izinwele nokhahlo. Ongama amafutha ungqimba thembeke ivikela kusuka hypothermia. Amazinyo kuleli kilasi kwezilwane okuhloswe kuphela ubambe futhi ukubamba ukudla. Nogebhezi lwawo omkhulu, ingqondo omkhulu. Amagobolondolo yangaphandle bengekho, kodwa abe indlebe ezinhle. Lapho bacwiliswa ebusweni amanzi kuvulwa sokuzwa is ayisesemikhulu ngenxa imisipha. Pinnipeds angakhupha imisindo ngokulambisa ezwakalayo. izitho olfactory achazwayo ngokugculisayo. Vision cishe nhlobo. Vibrissae, okuyizinto bude, kukhona main umzimba touch izilwane.

Ukudla, pinnipeds ezincelisayo bayakwazi isikhathi eside emanzini. Ubukhulu kwamaphaphu kukhulu kunesono ezidla ezweni-based, futhi unikeze okhishwa ngamakhala okugcwele ephefumula wesabelo entsha emoyeni. Kuyaqina of wamaphaphu izicubu, ukuqina pleural, ithuthukiswe ezicutshini.

Pinnipeds zidla ezinamagobolondo, molluscs, ulwandle izinyoni, nezinhlanzi. Ukudla ikhiqizwa kuphela ekujuleni kwamanzi.

Walruses nezimpawu uncamela ukuphumula zeqhwa. Pinnipeds kukhona yokuphila ahamba njengamaqembu. I lokuhlala esikhulu kunazo zonke izilwane akhiwa ngesikhathi ukuqala zizalela kanye molting. Abanye bancamela umzimba, abanye uthuthe.

abayizitha yemvelo:

• izingwe zasolwandle;
• amabhere;
• oshaka ezinkulu;
• killer nama.

ezincelisayo Pinnipeds ukuza waya ogwini noma ice ngoba kokuzalela nokuzalwa kwabantu. I lokuzala kuza iminyaka emithathu. Wazalelwa ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesizathu esisodwa ithole kanye ngonyaka. umzimba kuzalwa embozwe uboya obukhulu, okuyinto ngombala futhi isakhiwo lihlukile noboya of abadala. Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa noboya asemasha siyashintsha. Izingane zikhula ngokushesha, zidla ubisi fat kamama. Ngemva kokuphela ukusuthisa cub iba ezizimele. Pinnipeds aphila iminyaka engaba ngu-40.

walruses

Walrus - ke ingenye yezindawo ezinkulu ezincelisayo pinnipeds ekilasini. Abamele lesi sigaba ingatholakala amaChukchi Sea, uMhlaba leziqhingi of Franz Josef Land, ngasogwini seziqhingi Novaya Zemlya, emanzini angajulile kwezilwandle we-Arctic Ocean.

incazelo

Walruses ifa eyangaba enamandla 2-4 kg ngalinye, okuyinto project ngenhla ushingamu ngo-50 cm. Izinsikazi kukhona zikanokusho futhi mfushane. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kukhiqizwe eyangaba ukudla by ziba ngcono isihlabathi noma daka phansi kwamanzi. Walruses ubude lingafika ku 4 m balinganise 1.5 tonnes. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu mass umzimba izilwane mobile futhi beshesha. Zonke umzimba mammalian embozwe yayiqinile futhi kwaphela ngokubomvu izinwele. amafutha Ongama ukujiya abafika kwabangu-10 cm thembeke kuvimbela supercooling. Walruses, hhayi kwi freezer emanzini abanda njengeqhwa abanga izinkinga, futhi ngeke besaba yesithwathwa abukhali. Ngenxa yokuba khona ongama emoyeni sacs, okuyinto ehlangene pharynx, abazi ukucwila emanzini ngesikhathi sokulala umsindo. On udebe eliphezulu has a awugqinsi, zivumelanise nezimo futhi ube obukhulu, asezindaweni imigqa eziningana Intshebe (izinzwa). Bona iphunga esondela ingozi. Sinenkosi yamehlo. izindlebe sangaphandle azikho. Emakhaleni kanye izimbobo indlebe zivaliwe uvalwe lapho emanzini. Fins ukusiza izilwane ungene futhi ukubhukuda. emaphikweni Hind ukusiza ukwakha phezu komhlaba kanye ice.

indlela yokuphila

On the ice noma kwi ezingwini uhlele rookeries. Uma kwenzeka ingozi, ukwethuka, ekuphumeni esezindaweni zawo ajwayelekile angawethusi nomunye, ukungena emanzini, kokushiya nezidumbu zezilwane.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Walruses ukuzalela kusukela ngineminyaka engu-iminyaka emihlanu, kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu noma emine. Kube kuvele cub isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula. Insikazi feeds ke nje ayibi canines (eyangaba). Nanguya waba umama onakekelayo kakhulu, futhi azilokothi zishiye ingane yakho engozini.

esisongela

• Ukunciphisa okuphawulekayo inani ekhonjiwe engalawuliwe ukudoba isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula. Kusukela zamashumi amahlanu ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka abazingela yabo ukuvinjelwa. Wenza okuhlukile senziwa kuphela bendawo (Yakuts, amaChukchi), okuyinto amalayisense avunyelwe yokuzingela isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo siqu. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula afakiwe eNcwadini Olubomvu njengokungathi ezincelisayo ezisengozini.

umndeni Tuleneva

Indlovu - omele ngobukhulu phakathi pinnipeds, izimvu zamanzi abahlala sub-Antarctic futhi kwezilwandle Arctic. Igama wathola sibonga isikhwama obunesikhumba, esemgwaqweni ekhaleni besilisa. Ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe ayichitha uphawu amanzi. Kwabesilisa nesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani ayizigidi ezintathu futhi ube ubude 6.5 m. The nobukhulu abesifazane lincike ohlotsheni kulo ne.

Pinnipeds ezincelisayo - lolu hlobo ukukhiqizwa zokudoba. Izikhumba asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni izicathulo nezimpahla zokugqoka. Inyama kudliwa. Izikhumba zezilwane abasha isetshenziswa njengoba impahla eluhlaza kuyinto. Special funa zamanzi ezinoboya.