Ephakeme tungsten oxide

Tungsten oxide kubhekwa omunye refractory kakhulu isigaba izidakamizwa wezinto ezingaphili. Ukuze anikeze izici metal, ukuhlaziya ikhwalithi metal uqobo.

tungsten Izici

Ukuze uqonde ukubaluleka esisebenzayo of tungsten oxide, uqaphele ukuthi metal ngokwayo ine ukumelana kagesi, ukuvaleka kwegebe ukunwetshwa yomugqa, okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuma.

A tungsten okumsulwa ductility okusezingeni eliphezulu. I metal ziyoncibilika acid kuphela uma ukufuthelana ^lokushisa 5000 C. It ihlangana carbon, ukwakha njengoba umkhiqizo ukusabela tungsten Carbide. Egcekeni nomphumela has amandla aphezulu.

Okuvame kakhulu tungsten oxide - trioxide tungsten. Inzuzo main yikhono ekhuthaza ukubuyisela powder metal ukwakha njengoba by-imikhiqizo ye oxides aphansi.

Metal has a high density, friability kanye nekhono ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi ukwakha oxide tungsten.

tungsten Alloys

Ososayensi baye baphawula owodwa esigabeni izinhlobo Alloys, okuyinto yakhiwa izakhi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. I esaziwa kunazo kahle kwakwakhe of tungsten kanye molybdenum. Ingxubevange Alloying isici molybdenum tungsten kwandisa amandla eqine.

Single-isigaba Alloys abhekwa compounds: tungsten - zirconium, tungsten -gafny, tungsten - niobium. Ubuningi ductility tungsten rhenium enamathiselwe. Ukungeza ke akuphazamisi ukusebenza insimbi refractory.

Ukulungiselela metal

indlela abavamile abakwazi ukwamukela tungsten Alloys refractory: ukufinyelela ukuma metal kweso uya kwifomu gaseous. Umgomo oyinhloko ukulungiswa okumsulwa electrolysis metal. Ngo ngezinga ezimbonini ukuthola tungsten ingxubevange powder yokusansimbi esetshenziswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, dala ukucutshungulwa izimo ezikhethekile usebenzisa cleaner.

Ukuba nemvelo

Tungsten oxide, Wo ₃ kabani ifomula ubizwa ngokuthi enkompolo eliphakeme. Akenzi zenzeka emvelweni njengoba injalo emsulwa, kodwa ingxenye tungsten imikhando. Inqubo isizinda kanye ukucutshungulwa metal refractory uhlanganisa izigaba eziningana.

oxide Ephakeme of tungsten ayabuya abangelwa yisisindo emkhandweni wensimbi. nokunonophala obengeziwe enkompolo Kwenziwa, futhi emva kokwelashwa ne angawodwa metal okumsulwa.

Ngo senqubo yokukhiqiza nomzimba omncane tungsten wire ukubukela ukuze ususe ngokuphelele ukungcola. Kungenjalo, izici lobuchwepheshe umkhiqizo osuphelile uzobe ziyancipha.

Izindawo ukusetshenziswa of tungsten

Indlela ukuze alulame tungsten oxide? Hydrogen, okuyinto baxhumana kwakwakhe, kuyasiza ukuthola metal okumsulwa. Kudingeka enkulu ekwakhekeni intambo imicu, ukudala-X-ray amashubhu, isikrini heater kanye cleaner amaziko okuyinto prednaznachngy ukusetshenziswa ngamazinga ashisa kakhulu.

Steel, lapho element alloying kuyinto tungsten ngezimiso eziphakeme amandla izakhiwo. Imikhiqizo ezenziwe ingxubevange esinjalo asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni amanye amathuluzi yezokwelapha, ukusika ifaka ngoba imishini imithombo. Inzuzo enkulu enkompolo kubhekwa amelana ukusonteka lokukhanda.

Amathuba nesenzakalo ekuqhubeni kokuqendwa umkhiqizo imifantu futhi chips kuyinto kakhulu. Sha ethandwa kakhulu of okuhlinza, zazo tungsten ifakiwe, kubhekwa ukuwina.

Kule Scrap Metal ezingavamile ekhiqizwa izinga okusezingeni yelikhono, upende ezahlukene, zombala akhethekile m. N. Ngo umkhakha yesimanje zenuzi kabanzi tungsten crucibles kanye iziqukathi enemisebe imfucuza.

metal refractoriness udlala indima ebalulekile Welding arc. Kusukela tungsten ngefomu okumsulwa kubhekwa metal ezingavamile, ukuze inqubo yayo ukulungiselela wenziwa nokunonophala nokwenziwa kabusha netshe tungsten. Ngesimo okumsulwa it has a ukukhanya grey umbala ne isici metallic ayebuthaka. Standard tungsten Alloys, ukubizwa ngokuthi stellite, futhi siqukethe ayibe futhi chromium. Isakhi esiyinhloko e compounds enjalo ukhonza ayibe. Alloys bayindlala e isiqoqi sama-softwe.

tungsten oxides

Yini i-nitrous ikakhulukazi tungsten (6), ifomula zazo ine uhlobo Wo _3? Metal kungaba abonise ahlukahlukene namachibi uthi: ukuzinza esiphezulu ngezindlela ezihlukene ne Valence metal (4) no (6). Wo kuqala uhlobo loxhumano ₂ iphathelene oxides esidi ine izici ezilandelayo: okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuma kanye ukuminyana ethile. Le ngxube yamakhemikhali cishe zingaxazululeki emanzini kodwa lapho ukufuthelana kungenziwa oncibilikiswe acid kanye alkalis. Ngo umkhakha chemical isetshenziswa kulethe kwezinye ukusabela. Ngokwesibonelo, WO kwenezele ₂ asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo sobumba.

Tungsten oxide kokuba Valence ka (6) futhi liveza isici izakhiwo-esidi. Le ngxube is wasithukuthelela alkalis, kodwa ayikwazi Ukuqedwa emanzini. Njengoba sazi ukuthi okusezingeni eliphezulu ukuma kwakwakhe, isetshenziswa kuphela njengenhlangano izinqubo namafutha zamakhemikhali.

isiphetho

Ngokuhamba yokuthakwa kwamakhemikhali wezinto igxile ekutadisheni oxides, ukuhlaziya izakhiwo zabo futhi umkhakha izici primeneniyav. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyi ukuhlolwa kokugcina ibanga lesishiyagalolunye umsebenzi sipho elandelayo: "Bhala oxides Formula bethusi, bensimbi kanye tungsten futhi ukunquma eziyisisekelo chemical nezici zabo."

Ukuze sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo umsebenzi, kumele ube umqondo izici oxides. Kubhekwe lezi zakhi kanambambili, lapho umbandela wesibili mpilo. Zonke oxides zokuhlukanisa ngamaqembu amathathu: eziyisisekelo, ene-asidi, amphoteric.

Nethusi izakhi sokushintshela iqembu, ngakho kungaba Valence onhlobonhlobo. Ukuze zethusi singatlolwa bunjesi ongakhetha ezimbili kuphela oxides bembonisa izakhiwo eziyisisekelo - Cu ₂ O futhi Cuo.

Iron alikho sub-iqembu eyinhloko izakhi zamakhemikhali, ngakho kukhona isimo namachibi +2 futhi +3. Kulezi zimo, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo oxides akhiwa - Feo futhi Fe ₂ O _3.

Tungsten e compounds kanambambili nge oxygen avame ububonisa Valence (4) no (6). Zombili oxide metal abonise izakhiwo esidi, ngakho asetshenziswa umkhakha njengoba accelerators chemical izinqubo.

Injongo eyinhloko tungsten oxides kakhulu ukuba nesizungu yalezi metal okumsulwa ezifunwayo nezimboni zamakhemikhali Metallurgical.