Enzyme ukuthi sokudiliza amafutha emzimbeni womuntu

I chemical ukuguqulwa of esamukelekile umsoco womuntu indima enkulu eyadlalwa nezindlala wokugaya ukudla. Okungukuthi, uketshezi yabo. Le nqubo akuvunyelwe esihlelwe. Ngo pheshana emathunjini ukudla echayeke nezindlala ehlukahlukene yokugaya ukudla. Ngenxa ukungena emathunjini amancane uketshezi pancreatic kwenzeka nokwenziwa lesifanele izakhi futhi inqubo evamile wokugaya ukudla. Phakathi naso sonke lesi scheme, indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa enzyme kwakudingeka ukuba ngivule amafutha.

Ukusabela nokwehliswa

ama-enzyme kuthiwa kugxilwe kancane umsebenzi izinto eqhekeza eziyinkimbinkimbi etholwe pheshana emathunjini ngokudla. abaphukile Lezi izinto phansi elula, lula ukufunda ukuthi umzimba. Esikhathini indlela okulungisa ukudla enzyme inendima ekhethekile, noma enzyme ukuthi sokudiliza amafutha (kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu). Basuke ekhiqizwa nezindlala salivary nasesiswini, lapho ama-enzyme ninamathele imali kahle esikhulu of udaba eziphilayo. Lezi izinto kukhona amafutha, amaphrotheni, ama-carbohydrate. Ngenxa yalokho lezi enzyme emzimbeni agaya qualitatively Tholakele ukudla. Enzyme kudingeka ukusheshisa ukuphendula. Uhlobo ngalunye enzyme kufanelekile yokusabela ethile, ngokwenza ezifanele uhlobo loxhumano.

nokwenziwa

Ukuze nokwenziwa kangcono kwamafutha emzimbeni usebenza esiswini juice equkethe lipase. Lokhu enzyme uhlaba namanoni, amanyikwe ukhiqiza. abaphukile Amakhabhohayidrethi phansi ngenxa Amylase. Ngemva kokuwa, baba esikuthola ngokushesha futhi lingene egazini. Ukuhlukanisa nanesandla salivary Amylase, maltase, lactase. abaphukile Amaphrotheni phansi ngenxa proteases, iziphi namanje abathintekayo kulo ukuzinza we microflora yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini. Lezi zihlanganisa pepsin, chymosin, trypsin, carboxypeptidase erepsin kanye amanyikwe.

Ulubizela enzyme eyinhloko ukuthi ahlahlele fat emzimbeni womuntu?

Lipase - i-enzyme, umsebenzi kabani main ukuncibilikisa, zihlukaniswa futhi ukugaya amafutha esiqeshini womuntu wokugaya ukudla. amafutha bengena amathumbu abakwazi ukuba angena igazi. Ukuncela kumele zihlukaniswe zibe ama-fatty acid kanye glycerol. Kule nqubo, futhi kuyasiza lipase. Uma kukhona isimo lapho i-enzyme ahlahlele fat (lipase) lehliselwa, kubalulekile ukuba uhlole umuntu ngoba Oncology ngokucophelela.

lipase pancreatic njengenhlangano ngasebenzi proenzyme prolipazy kukhishelwa endlini duodenum. Prolipaza isebenze ngaphansi kwethonya Bile acid kanye kolipazy, omunye enzyme juice pancreatic. Lingual lipase akhiqizwa izinsana ngenxa nezindlala ngomlomo. Yena ehilelekile Ukugaya ubisi lwebele.

lipase Hepatic akhishelwa egazini, lapho sibopha ukuthi semithambo izindonga isibindi. Iningi amanoni ukudla zehlukaniswe emathunjini amancane ngenxa lipase pancreatic.

Ukwazi okuyinto enzyme uhlaba amafutha kanye lokho ngokuqondile ukuphatha umzimba, odokotela bangase bazinike zokwelapha kunesidingo.

I chemical ubunjalo cishe yonke enzyme - lokhu amaprotheni. Kwamanyikwe iyingxenye kokubili wokugaya ukudla bese endocrine izinhlelo. Amanyikwe ngokwayo bahileleke inqubo ukugaya, futhi enzyme esiswini main kuyinto pepsin.

Njengoba ama-enzyme pancreatic ninamathele amanoni izinto ezilula?

I uhlaba Amylase le oligosaccharide kuya isitashi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, oligosaccharides aphule ibe yi-glucose ngenxa yesenzo nezinye ama-enzyme. Glucose is angena egazini. Ukuze umzimba womuntu kuba umthombo wamandla.

Zonke kwezitho zomzimba nezicubu Akhiwa kusuka amaprotheni. Ayikho ngaphandle futhi kwamanyikwe, okuyinto oyenza enzyme kuphela emva isingeniso zabo zibe mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi emathunjini amancane. Lapho ukwephula ukusebenza evamile umzimba, pancreatitis kwenzeka. Kuyinto isifo pretty ovamile. Izifo lapho kungekho amafutha enzyme eqhekeza, ngokuthi esingamahlalakhona pancreatic: exocrine noma endocrine.

izinkinga ukwehluleka

esingamahlalakhona Exocrine kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa ama-enzyme. Kulokhu, umuntu ngeke akwazi ukungakhathazeki zisebenzisa ukudla njengoba umsebenzi eqhekeza triglyceride abaphukile omningi. Kulezi iziguli, izimpawu isicanucanu okuyokwenzeka ngemva ukungenisa ukudla okunamafutha, nobukhali ubuhlungu besisu.

Lapho endocrine ukuntula ungethele insulin-hormone okuthiwa i kusiza ukugaya glucose. Kukhona isifo ezinzima ngokuthi isifo sikashukela. Enye igama - kuyinto ushukela sikashukela. Leli gama lihlotshaniswa ukwanda umzimba uketshezi of umchamo, lapho-ke ulahlekelwa amanzi futhi umuntu uzizwa ukoma njalo. Amakhabhohayidrethi cishe aziveli igazi ku amaseli, futhi ngenxa yalokho, azisetshenziswa izidingo zamandla emzimbeni. Inkomba kwegazi glucose kwandisa ngokucijile, futhi uqala ukuba abe okukhiphayo ngokusebenzisa umchamo. Ngenxa yalezi zinhlelo ukusetshenziswa amanoni amaprotheni ngezinhloso amandla luyanda kakhulu, futhi umzimba aqoqana imikhiqizo ngokwengxenye namachibi. Ekugcineni, kakhulu, it kwandisa asidi egazini, okungase kuholele ngisho nasezinkingeni ikhoma sikashukela. Kulokhu, isiguli ukuphefumula sifo, aze ngaquleka futhi ukufa.

Lesi sibonelo kungabonwa kahle indlela enzyme ezibalulekile sokudiliza amafutha emzimbeni zabantu, bonke izitho zisebenza ngokuvumelana.

glucagon

Uma kukhona izinkinga, qiniseka ukubhekana nabo, asize umzimba ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene ukwelashwa nemithi.

Glucagon has umphumela okuphambene isinyathelo insulini. Lo mphumela i-hormone i-wokuqhekeka glycogen esibindini futhi ukuguqulwa carbohydrate amafutha, kanjalo okuholela ukwanda we lokuhlushwa glucose egazini. A i-hormone somatostatin ithwala okusithiyayo of glucagon uketshezi.

self-ukwelashwa

Kwezokwelapha, enzyme ukuthi unamathele kwamafutha emzimbeni womuntu, ungamukela nge imithi. Iningi labo - kusukela brand edume kakhulu ukuba kancane-eyaziwa futhi engabizi, kodwa ngempumelelo okufanayo. Into esemqoka - ukuba self-medicate. Phela, udokotela kuphela usebenzisa zokupopola ezifanele, ungathola umkhiqizo esifanele ukuzinza yokusetshenziswa pheshana emathunjini.

Nokho, ngokuvamile, thina kuphela asize umzimba ngama-enzyme. Onzima ukuwenza uphumelele kahle. Ikakhulukazi uma umuntu isivele ubudala. Kuyinto kuphela efika kuqala kubonakala ayelithengile amaphilisi adingekayo - futhi inkinga isixazululekile. Empeleni, akunjalo. Umzimba womuntu - is a indlela ephelele, okuyinto nokho is ukuguga futhi ukugqoka. Uma umuntu efuna wawusebenza kuye isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, kubalulekile ukuba silondoloze ke ngesikhathi nokwelapha.

Yiqiniso, zifunda futhi zingenisa ulwazi, okuyinto enzyme ahlahlele amafutha ohlelweni womuntu wokugaya ukudla, ungaya ekhemisi bese ucela wemithi ukuncoma izidakamizwa nokubunjwa oyifunayo. Kodwa lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile lapho, ngoba ezinye zezizathu ezinhle Angeke wakwazi ukuvakashela udokotela noma wayimemela endlini. Kumelwe kuqondwe ukuthi singakwazi iphutha elikhulu futhi izimpawu zezifo ezihlukahlukene kungaba okufanayo. Futhi ukuze senze ithole ukuxilongwa okufanele, qiniseka udinga usizo lwezokwelapha. Ukuzelapha kungaba ukulimaza sina.

Ukugaya esiswini

juice esiswini iqukethe pepsin, hydrochloric acid lipase. Pepsin izenzo kuphela i osebenzelana acid kanye uhlaba amaprotheni ku peptides. Lipase e esiswini juice uhlaba emulsified kuphela amafutha (ubisi). Dilizani amafutha enzyme iba esebenzayo kuphela imvelo ane-alikhali emathunjini amancane. Uya kanye ukubunjwa ukudla semi slurry, ukusika ukhiphe imisipha abushelelezi esiswini. It is bafakwa duodenum ngamaqoqo. Ezinye ingxenye encane ugxile izinto ngaphezulu esiswini (ushukela, usawoti ziyoncibilika, utshwala, imithi). kakhulu inqubo ukugaya ngokuvamile kuyaphela emathunjini amancane.

Ukuze isihambile ku ukudla duodenum engena Bile, emathunjini bese ayo pancreatic. Uthola ukudla esiswini ezingxenyeni eziphansi, aphenduka ngejubane elingafani. Fat imisiwe, futhi ubisi sihamba ngokushesha.

lipase

juice pancreatic - a ane-alikhali uketshezi, ayinakho umbala equkethe trypsin nezinye enzyme ukuthi ninamathele peptides ku amino acid. Amylase, lactase futhi maltase ukuguqula carbohydrate ibe yi-glucose, fructose kanye ne-lactose. Lipase --enzyme ahlahlele amafutha ku-fatty acid kanye glycerol. I ukugaya kanye excretion juice kuxhomeke ohlotsheni Izinga lokudla.

emathunjini amancane futhi kwesinye wenza ukugaya parietal. Ngemva ukwelashwa mechanical enzymatic of imikhiqizo cleavage angena igazi lymph. Lena eziyinkimbinkimbi inqubo bokuphila ukuthi wenziwa villi mncane amathumbu ikhadi futhi ngokuqinile iqondiswe kwelinye direction kusukela villi esiswini.

ukuncela

ama-amino acid, amavithamini, glucose, nosawoti wamaminerali ku aqueous isixazululo Ukwakheka angena capillary igazi villi. Glycerol nokudla okunamafutha acid is hhayi oncibilikile ugxile Imicu yotshani bengayi. Badlula ku amaseli EPITHELIAL, okuyinto zakha amafutha angene lymph. Bephumelele okuvimbelayo-lymph, zikhishwa emgudwini wegazi.

Kubaluleke kakhulu uma amafutha edonsa udlala Bile. Fatty acid kanye Bile ngokuxhuma ne alikhali, saponified. kwakhiwa Ngakho insipho (nosawoti encibilikayo of okunamafutha acid), odlulayo kalula ngokusebenzisa odongeni villi. I nezindlala emathunjini ezinkulu ogxile secrete isikhwehlela. Ithumbu elikhulu ubamba amanzi kuze kufinyelele 4 amalitha ngosuku. Kuyinto inombolo enkulu kakhulu amagciwane ehilelekile ukubhidlika cellulose futhi synthesis amavithamini B no-C ikhaya