Edgar Savisaar: Biography, izithombe

Edgar Savisaar (b. 31 Meyi 1950) kuyinto sezombusazwe Estonia, omunye wabasunguli be-Estonia Yabantu Front kanye umholi we Centre Party. Wayengumuntu usihlalo lokugcina Council of Ministers we Estonia SSR futhi owokuqala ukukhonza undunankulu Estonia ezimele, uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphakathi, uNgqongqoshe nezoMnotho nokuxhumana nemeya eTallinn.

umsuka

Likuphi uhambo wokuphila, Edgar Savisaar? Biography waqala ejele yayo Estonia Harku emzaneni lapho unina uMariya ukudonsa isigwebo seminyaka emihlanu, okuyinto won for inkampani nomyeni wakhe Elmar ngokuzama ukuthengisa amahhashi abo kunokuba lokuwunikela epulazini. abazali Edgar wawuhlala komngcele esifundeni Russian of Pskov Põlvamaa County. Umphakathi lapho empeleni elixutshwe, abantu abaningi anamagama Russian. Lokho unina Edgar nesibongo sasekhaya egqoka Bureshina, kayise nokuzinikela kwakhe igama lukakhokho kwaba Basil noMathewu, ngokulandelana, futhi umzalwane owayephuma iphoyisa umhleli party yepulazi collective, - Alexey.

Yilokho indaba, okuyinto kwaba eningi endaweni eyayaziwa ngokuthi i-Soviet Union okwenzeka Elmar noMaria Savisaar, eye wehla kancane (uma kungenzeka ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso!), Ngoba umyeni wakhe wanikwa iminyaka engu-15 emakamu. Mary ukulondolozwa nenkathi yokukhulelwa nokubeletha, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokuzalwa kwendodana yakhe ejele ngaphansi ushwele.

kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi Edgar Savisaar ngokushesha waqala umsebenzi, ukuqala ukusebenza eRepublican Isibhedlela Clinical eTartu. Ngemva komsebenzi, wafundiswa ebusuku esikoleni futhi waphothula ngo-1968. Khona-ke u-Edgar Savisaar nezifundo zakhe e-University of Tartu eMnyangweni Umlando, okuvela kulo wathola iziqu ngo-1973. Phakathi nezifundo zakhe wayesebenza njengoba nomfundisi ofundisa 1969 e ekomidini wesifunda Tartu Estonia Komsomol, futhi kusukela ngo-1970 kuya ku-1973 - i-Archivist we Estonia State Historical Ingobo yomlando.

umsebenzi Ekuqaleni Soviet Estonia

Lapho ayesebenza ngemva kokuthweswa iziqu Edgar Savisaar? Biography kuye ukuqhubeka lwakhe lwendabuko Põlvamaa County, lapho ayesebenza njengendlela uthisha wesikole samabanga aphezulu. Ngaleyo minyaka kuleli zwe yayithandwa kakhulu amaqembu abakhi umfundi. E-Estonia, lokhu kuhamba waba ngokucacile ezithile. Cishe bonke abafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme, abafundi ezikoleni sokufundela nasemakolishi wavakashela ehlobo e emapulazini asendaweni collective kanye nesimo ukusiza ezolimo. Ayehlelwe emaqenjini eholwa izinduna kanye commissars, okuyizinto ikakhulukazi abasebenzi Komsomol futhi othisha abasha. Enye yalezi nokhomishana kwaba Edgar Savisaar. , Wengamela konke lokhu ukunyakaza, yebo, iKomiti Central we IYoung Communist League of Estonia.

kocwaningo Umsebenzi

Kusobala ukuthi ukwenza umsebenzi social basiza uthisha osemusha ngo-1977 iziqu esikoleni ngesikhathi Academy of Sciences of the Estonia SSR, lapho afundela khona kuze 1979. Kulokhu, u-Edgar Savisaar labetibambile awulona ize, kokuba ukubhala ocwaningeni, okuyinto bahlola izindlela zika-Club of Rome kwetinhlavu izinqubo nomphakathi womhlaba wonke. Ngonyaka olandelayo ngesikhathi eMoscow Isikhungo System Ukuhlaziywa, yena ngempumelelo wamvikela.

Ngo 1980-1985 GG. Savisaar usebenza esigungu se-Tallinn City Council, wahlanganyela ukuhlela kwezomnotho. Ngasikhathi sinye, kusukela ngo-1982 wasebenza njengendlela womfundisi emnyangweni ifilosofi Estonia Academy of Sciences.

Ngo 1985-1988 GG. Savisaar abasebenza State Planning Commission yase-Estonia. Ngo 1988-1989. wayengumuntu Umqondisi Research "Minor" inkampani kokukhuluma.

ukucula revolution

Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Gorbachev sika yokwakha kabusha e-USSR Savisaar eyanyatheliswa kuyi-Estonia cindezela izihloko ngesidingo umphakathi kabusha. Wamenywa ukuba aye ethandwa ebusuku ohlelweni lwethelevishini "Cabanga futhi." Izihloko kanye izinkulumo Savisaar ngenkuthalo okuxoxwa ngazo ochungechungeni oluthi i-republic.

Ngo-April 1988, yena waba neqembu kudala Popular Front (Rahvarinne), ebelikude selokhu 1920, inhlangano mass zezombusazwe eSoviet Union, hhayi kulawulwa leQembu LamaKhomanisi. Ekuqaleni wadala ukusekela kabusha Popular Front waqala ngokuya ukuthuthukisa imiqondo Estonia National Independence futhi wadala lo mkhuba okuthiwa Singing Revolution, lwentando owawungumnyaka nokuhlanganiswa Estonia emihlanganweni e izinkulungwane abahlabeleli bendabuko, enza Folk songs.

Okukhiphayo Estonia base-USSR

Kusukela ekupheleni 1988 Supreme oPhethe Estonia SSR njalo elandela inqubomgomo okuhloswe ngaso republic aphume Union. ekwindla Okokuqala 1988 bamukela Declaration Yobukhosi, okuyinto umemezela ubukhulu imithetho Estonia phezu Allied. Ngemva konyaka, ke usukhipha umthetho ogunyaza entry emthethweni e-Estonia ziya eSoviet Union ngo-July 1940.

Futhi ngo-1989, u-Edgar Savisaar, umholi we Popular Front, baba Iphini likasihlalo we Council of Ministers of Estonia futhi ikhanda yayo Gosplan. Ngo-March 1990, ukhetho the Supreme Soviet, lapho Popular Front wathola% 24 kuphela wamavoti, kodwa ukwakheka uhulumeni uphathiswe Savisaar. Kwakungenzeka kanjani lokhu kwenzeke? Iqiniso ukuthi Estonia amaKhomanisi ngo ngesonto emva kokhetho, unquma ukuba bahoxe ekungeneleni Party, kanye nabameli babo e Supreme Council weRiphabhulikhi ukuphathwa uzwela. Ngenxa yalokho, Savisaar elakha uhulumeni amalungu Popular Front, baba usihlalo we Council of Ministers kusese Estonia SSR.

Nokho, ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa uMkhandlu Ephakeme uthi ukuba khona republic inyunyana uqobo okungekho emthethweni, futhi ngo-May 8 okufanayo ngo-1990 renames isi-Estonia SSR e-Republic of Estonia ngezindaba ukuqedwa elidala iculo lesizwe, flag and elingenamikhono izingalo kanye nokubuyiselwa soMthethosisekelo ngo-1938.

Ukuxabana May 15, 1990

Akuwona wonke umuntu e-Estonia uthanda okwenzekayo. Phela, ezingaphezu kuka 40% labantu bayo babe ke izakhamuzi Russian futhi abakhuluma isiRashiya ababona ikusasa labo kanye siyisiqiniseko nge kulondolozwe eSoviet Union. Ngokungafani Popular Front, baye wadala kwanyakaza Interfront.

May 15, 1990 izinkulungwane abalandeli bakhe Ugcwalise kothi Supreme Council of Lossi. On isakhiwo yayo wavuswa umaka obomvu (eduze tricolor Estonia), futhi amakhulu ababhikishi wafohla isithiyo amaphoyisa, bangena phakathi. Zazifuna kwenziwe umhlangano usihlalo Sun Ruutel, kodwa akazange avele phambi kwabo.

Ngaleso sikhathi umsakazo Estonia e-Estonia, u-Edgar Savisaar ezenziwe. Wayevame okuphindaphindiwe ulwazi mayelana nokushaya nezinsolo abasekeli Interfront Uhulumeni House endaweni Toompea futhi wanxusa abase-Estonia abuthele kule ndawo. Abantu basabela obizweni lwakhe olukhulu, futhi umuzi kwakhiwa izikhungo ezimbili lokuhlushwa amabutho. Bekusele kancane nje ukuba, futhi kunjalo zizofinyelela ngxabano oqondile. Kulezi zimo, abaholi Interfront Mikhail Lysenko futhi uVladimir Yarovoy banquma ukungayisebenzisi nhlobo i senze isimo sishube phila abasekeli bakhe ukusuka elangeni lesi sakhiwo. Ukuvikelwa zayo, kanye nokuvikelwa kolunye izikhungo zombuso, esikhundleni amaphoyisa athatha izintambo ezomvikela Estonia, "Defense League." Ngalolo suku amandla namaSoviet e-Estonia wahlulwa, kodwa ingakamiswa ekugcineni ngiwe.

Ehola uhulumeni Estonia

Eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngu eyodwa nengxenye kuze umzamo wokuketula umbuso eSoviet Union ngo-August 1991, iziphathimandla Estonia, eliholwa Savisaar futhi Ruutel elawula, bezama ukuthola ukuqashelwa inyunyana kobuholi uzibuse. Kodwa wabo kwakungu ekujaheni ukukwenza, kulapho ukuthi Estonia kwakukhona ezingxenyeni eziningi Army Soviet. Futhi lapha ukusiza isizwe Estonia akafikanga ubani, futhi Usihlalo RSFSR Supreme Soviet Boris Yeltsin.

Fika ngoJanuwari 1991, eTallinn, egameni RSFSR Boris Yeltsin yasayina isivumelwano ne-Estonia, lapho bona uzibuse. Yiqiniso, kwaba isibonakaliso isizwe yonke eminye republic aseSoviet, futhi bekuzwa lokhu, thatha ukuluma off izingcezu ngisho Union olulodwa, futhi ekugcineni dogryzli emva kuhlulekile Agasti 1991 Icebo lika ngonyaka.

Umsebenzi ezweni elisha

Sekuyisikhathi eside Savisaar kwaholela hulumende we-Estonia ezimele. Ingungu yensimbi ekhaliswayo ngokushaywa wayeneminyaka kulula kunokuba kwakhiwe esisha. Ngenxa yalokho ngokuwa ubudlelwane bezomnotho ne Russia ekuqaleni kuka-1992, inkinga enkulu yezimali Kwagqashuka lizwe, ukuze lizwe ukwethula ngisho isabelo amakhadi. Ngemva ukunganeliseki umphakathi ekupheleni Januwari 1992 Savisaar uhulumeni basula.

Ngemva kwalokho, wachitha iminyaka eminingana njengombonisi Vice-Usihlalo ePhalamende, aphethwe okuthunyelwe ezikhonzayo zamahhovisi ehlukene, kwaba imeya dolobha kusukela 2001 kuya ku-2004, wabe esebuyela sikahulumeni iposi ezikhonzayo. Ekugcineni emuva 2007, imeya Tallinn Edgar Savisaar wakhethwa. Ake ubone ngeso lengqondo ke, ebhekisela le nkathi, kuboniswa ngezansi.

indaba Wide impendulo atholwe elihlobene ne ukudluliselwa ngo-2007 kusukela maphakathi Tallinn Sculpture Bronze Soldier, isikhumbuzo amasosha aseSoviet liwile. Savisaar basiphikise lesi senzo, ukuze wamangalelwa by radicals Estonia ku ukubukwa pro-Russian.

Kunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi ebingasongela inqubomgomo abanolwazi futhi eyinkimbinkimbi enjalo Edgar Savisaar? Zimbophe Septhemba 2015 ngamacala ukufumbathisa sasifana umshudo kusukela blue. Abashushisi bammangalela nezinye izikhulu City Hall of Tallinn ukufunjathiswa ngokwamukela imali abangamakhulu ezinkulungwane eziningana euro, futhi inkantolo wawuhlakaza imeya ngesikhathi uphenyo.

ukuphila Siqu

Edgar Savisaar oseshade kathathu futhi uyise wezingane ezine. Kusukela umshado wakhe Kairi Savisaar uye indodana Erki, futhi umshado nge Liis Savisaar wayenobuhlobo indodakazi Maria nendodana Edgar. umshado Kugcine wayenaye Viley Savisaar, naye kuyinto sezombusazwe Estonia. Banezinhliziyo indodakazi Rosina. Kugcine ngqo umshado efanayo waphula ngo-December 2009.

Ngo-March 2015 kwabikwa esibhedlela yakhe. Kungokufanayo iyagula Edgar Savisaar? isifo sakhe kwabangelwa kwegciwane. Wenza isimo esibucayi zivuvukale kwezicubu ezithambile nomlenze wesokunene.

Kugcina kwenzekeni kumuntu onjalo ezidumile sezombusazwe Edgar Savisaar? Ukusikwa kwamalungu nomlenze wesokunene ngenhla kwamadolo. Nakanjani ukuthi ukumelana zonke amagalelo ukudalelwa, okuyinto enza, akulula. Nokho, sithemba ukuthi Edgar Savisaar, onempilo uhlulekile naye okwamanje ezibucayi kakhulu ekuphileni, namanje uhlobo eqinile, bakwazi sisinde kuzo zonke izilingo ukuthi bawela isabelo sakhe.