ECG izingane: lapho ukwenza umntwana electrocardiogram?

Electrocardiography - inqubo evamile, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba ichaze umsebenzi imisipha yenhliziyo. ECG izingane ungentiwa onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila. Azikho Izimo inqubo njengoba nje kungekho noyedwa. Muva nje, ngisho e-osenyameni evela esibhedlela izingane eziningi ukwenza i ECG ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane enempilo ngokuphelele.

Kuyini ECG?

Electrocardiogram eside umise ngokwaso njengoba kakhulu ulwazi, indlela okulula ukuphenywa kokuphulwa imisipha yenhliziyo. Ngenxa nokwehla nekhono kagesi eqoshiwe ithuluzi zenhliziyo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukwenza nemishini ekhethekile yokuthungatha ukuthi kungenziwa kalula exhunywe umzimba. I pulses kuthiwa iyakhula izikhathi 600-700, uze idivayisi ngokuthi i cardiograph. Yena decodes lo pulses futhi ibanikeze njengoba igrafu on iphepha tape ekhethekile. Inqubo kobuhlungu ngokuphelele, kuthatha isikhathi esincane, ephephile. Ngakho-ke, ECG izingane angenza zisencane. Lokhu kuvumela isikhathi ukuxilonga ezihlukahlukene izifo eziyingozi at isikhathi bokuqala.

Yini ingatholakala kwi ECG?

Ngabe ECG ezinganeni? Okokuqala, inikeza ukulinganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Kubuye ukuhlonza thuthuva ezahlukene umzimba, kungase kube untula e-magnesium, i-potassium ne iyiphi enye electrolyte. Lokhu kungenzeka akhonjwe izifo ezinkulu, ezifana:

• Azalwa naso noma bathenga isifo senhliziyo. Myocarditis.
• ukukhulisa okungavamile (hypertrophy) ngenhliziyo.
• isilethikusebenza.
• Angina.
• Inhliziyo block. Ukwephula conduction intracardiac, kwenhliziyo.
• iziyaluyalu umzimba okubangwa yimiphi imibandela sokugembula, izifo ezehlukene.
• embolism yamaphaphu.

izinzuzo

Kunezikhathi izingane lapho ukhombe X-reyi yesifuba. Le ndlela ubuye ngempumelelo kulolu cwaningo, kodwa kuvame kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe ukuqinisekisa noma yimuphi isifo. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe mayelana umsebenzi inhliziyo, ECG Kunconywa izingane. Izinzuzo lokhu inqubo zisobala. Yiziphi:

• inqubo Buhlungu uqobo. Abazali bayazi ukuthi ingane ngokwesaba okukhulu azibonayo noma ibuphi ubuhlungu, ngisho uhlobo electrode kungabangela iconsi. Nokho, abazi zibangele noma iyiphi kabi.
• Indlela silula, ke akakubangeli umzamo omkhulu, futhi isiguli noma udokotela.
• inqubo engabizi. Ingahamba njengoba mahhala futhi emitholampilo yangasese.
• Quickness. Akukona kuthathe imizuzu engaphezu kuka-10 nazo zonke amalungiselelo. Ingane ayifuni ngisho isikhathi ukuthola ngesaba. inqubo Braves kwanoma iyiphi ingane.
• Apparatuses ngoba EKG minyaka ngcono by ekuzuzeni imisebenzi emisha. Kulungiswa incazelo eningiliziwe (okwesikhathi ukuhlaziywa okuphelele ukushaya kwenhliziyo, imisipha iphendula emhlabeni longitudinal, ama-axis transverse) wenziwa esikhathini esifishane. Isiphetho ungakwazi ngokushesha uthole izandla zakho phezu.
• Asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka mayelana nendlela ukuthola indawo ukwenza ECG. Ingabe inqubo kunoma yimuphi umtholampilo.

izici ECG ezinganeni

Abazali basuke bedinga ukwazi ukuthi abasebasha umzimba ingane has izici zayo siqu, kwezinye izinkomba ubudala ingase ibe khona ehlukile. Lapho efeza ECG izingane odokotela, yebo, thatha lokhu ku-akhawunti. Ngakho lokho izici ejwayelekile ukuze ulifunde zezingane?

• Ngo izinsana nojahidada kuvamisile ukuthi i-ventricle yangakwesokudla evelele. Abazali kufanele ungesabi lokhu, kuyinto evamile ngenxa ngisewusana engu-lingakanani encishisiwe.
• Encane ingane, omfushane ngezikhathi ikhombisa electrocardiogram.
• Ukuze lingakanani ATRIUM ezinganeni kancane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne olinganise abadala, ungesabi wokufunda okusezingeni eliphezulu P wave
• Njalo ebonakaliswa inqwaba esifubeni imikhondo, ngakho-ke izovela clove negative T.
• Ngo kumkhawulo atrial isigqi kufuduka imithombo.
• Wave alternans e ventricular izakhiwo - kuyinto evamile.
• Kungase ivele ukuvinjelwa akuphelele kwesokudla besigaxa block legatsha.
• Norma - itheku, arrhythmia zokuphefumula.
• Kukhona ukuthi kungenzeka ezijulile Q wave isahola lwesithathu standard (in izinsana).

Njengoba nje inqubo ECG kwenziwa, ungakwazi ukuthola konke mayelana nenhliziyo yengane egcwele.

ECG Yokuziphatha

Inqubo wenziwa ngosizo idivayisi electrocardiograph yesimanje. Ukuze umzimba wengane ziphephile electrode ekhethekile bayosibona nekhono kagesi ekhiqizwa kuleli inhliziyo, labo, yena, zilotshiwe ephepheni. Ngakho kanjani ECG izingane? Ekusebenteni, ukuhola 12: 6 kuthiwa yanamathela esifubeni esebenzisa sucker-electrode, nezinye electrode 6 ejwayelekile onikezwe zomzimba. Ukuze afeze ECG e umntwana usebenzisa electrode nge Ubukhulu encishisiwe, banalo ukuma ekhetheke kangaka abangele ukulimala umntwana isikhumba. Eminye imitholampilo zisebenzisa alahlwayo ukuncela izinkomishi, athambe kakhulu futhi ungashiyi ikhona iminonjana yenkolo. Ungakwazi ukuthenga iqoqo izinzwa alahlwayo izinsana.

amadivaysi Modern ukunikeza ikhono ukugcina ukufundwa kwimemori sangaphakathi kudivayisi, izishise kwimidiya yangaphandle, ukuze afeze ukucutshungulwa eyinhloko. Esigcwele yombhalo we ECG, nencazelo yalo, Ukukhishwa imiphumela olwenziwa udokotela. ukufundwa ingane ngamunye ngamunye, ukuhlukahluka kungenzeka ukwahluka, kodwa kufanele Ungeqeli ngalé kwezinkambiso bokuphila.

Indlela yokwenza i ingane electrocardiogram ngaphandle izinyembezi?

Inqubo akakubangeli ingane noma ibuphi ubuhlungu, kodwa ngoba izingane nokwesaba yonke into entsha, engavamile, futhi ngokuvamile ukuze bakwazi unbalance ngisho uhlobo amaswidi. Uma inqubo ukuba izingane, kungcono usisebenzisa kokusuthisa, ngesikhathi sokulala lapho ingane iphumule, akusebenzi. Ibhekane ECG ingane ngaphandle izinyembezi kungenzeka. Izingane osevele ubone okwenzekayo, kudingeka alungiselele kancane. Udlale nabo endlini udokotela, ukubonisa ku onodoli inqubo, angitshele ukuthi ukuya kuye. Boys aphendule umdlalo omkhulu amarobhothi. Tshela indodana yakhe iyoba amarobhothi ukuthi unamathisele ukulawula wiring. Ngesikhathi inqubo, kuyodingeka ukuba aqambe amanga namanje, sengathi ngilele ukuze ibutho isitha Android abazange bakuqaphele. Bona ukuthi ingane yakho bayojabulela ukushaywa emtholampilo, waze ufuna ukubuyela ukudlala.

Lapho kudingekile ukuze afeze electrocardiogram

Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi ikhanga nangodokotela bababhekene nezifo zenhliziyo yonke umhlali emadolobheni amakhulu yesibili. isifo senhliziyo, ngokudabukisayo, kukhona ku nendawo ephambili phakathi izinkinga ezihlobene nezempilo. Yingakho wonke amazwe ophucukile isethi inqubo ECG ebantwaneni konyaka wokuqala wokuphila njengoba saziso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile:

• Nge ukudlula ngihlolwa yokwamukelwa ensimini, esikoleni.
• Nge ukudlula ngihlolwa.
• Ngaphambi izifundo kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yamathimba wezemidlalo.
• Ngaphambi imisebenzi edingekayo.
• ECG kufanele sasesiqhutshelwa nezifo ENT ezingamahlalakhona.
• Ngemva inyumoniya, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, namathansela, zokugwema izinkinga.
• Uma kukhona ezikhonjwe nokububula inhliziyo.

Uma izinyane esifubeni uyakhathala ngokushesha oncela isikhumba emhlabeni izindebe iba cyanotic, kulesi simo, nje okudingeka ukwenze i ECG nengane. Ngabe - ukukutshela iyiphi wezingane. Yonke imitholampilo kufanele imishini yesimanje, elivumela inqubo kobuhlungu.

Ukuqhuba ECG Kuyadingeka uma ingane ngokuzumayo ngaquleka, uyakhathala ngokushesha, wahlupheka zokuzikhukhumeza, isiyezi, ubuhlungu enhliziyweni nezihlanganiso. Qiniseka ukubiza wenhliziyo ezingane.

izinkomba

Ngakho, sicabanga ECG Imiphumela yengane. Sokuqonda izinkomba kuyinsakavukela ukuhluka ECG i isiguli esingumuntu omdala sika. Nokho, ezicini ezithile udokotela ubudala njalo ucabangela lapho ehumusha izinkomba ezinganeni. Kahle kahle, lokhu inhliziyo ishaya - izingane ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-3 ungaba sibalo ezinjalo amabhithi ngeminithi 100 kuya 110, futhi lokhu kubhekwa evamile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhliziyo ishaya incipha, futhi ukuthomba kufanele inikeze inkomba okuyinto ngaphezulu akhiwa omdala (60 kuya ku-90 ngomzuzu).

Sokuqonda ECG ukufundwa kuleli izingane, udokotela kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi amaza kagesi ukudlula e-izingxenye inhliziyo (in the ezahlukene kokuphakama P, QRS, T) zokuthi kusukela millisecond 120 200, lokhu kulingana izikwele ezinhlanu. QRS eziyinkimbinkimbi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba bazi uma ventricles bayajabula kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi isikhawu vymeryat phakathi kwamazinyo Q futhi S, lezi zibalo kumele singeqi umngcele ms 60 kuya ku-100. Ngokukhethekile - kwesokudla ventricular excitation (V1-V2). Pediatric ECG ngokuvamile ibonisa ukuthi lesi sibalo ephakeme kunaleyo ngakwesobunxele. Njengoba bekhula, lezi zilinganiso buya ezivamile.

igrafu ECG abantwana ngokuvamile ibonisa namantombazane, eqhekeza, ukuqina R-amagquma. isilinganiso ngale ndlela kuyoba umuntu omdala wakhomba bradycardia noma tachycardia. Ezinganeni kungokwemvelo.

Sasixoxa ngaLowo kwezinkambiso izinkomba. Nokho, musa ukuzama wokufunda i Imiphumela electrocardiogram, lolu daba kumelwe zenziwe udokotela onekhono kakhulu.

ukuhlola engeziwe

Uma leyo ngane izokwazi kuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu ukuthola imiphumela olunembile umenyiwe ukubamba i electrocardiogram nge umthwalo. Okungukuthi, kuqala, ukuthatha ukufundwa lapho esephumule, bese emva umsebenzi othile, excitation (umntwana ukunikeza ukusonta libhayisikili, gxuma).

Uma ingane yabonisa ngeziphambeko kusukela ukufundwa evamile, isiguli kufanele udluliselwe ukuhlolwa eyengeziwe. Ukuze udlulisele ultrasound inhliziyo. inqubo non-koda kuyinto kobuhlungu ngokuphelele, akasebenzisi nganoma iyiphi indlela ebuhlungu kakhulu kimi.

Khona-ke, ngosizo ikhompyutha tomography ichaze futhi ukuveza noma isifo senhliziyo.

Isiphetho - Abazali kudingeka ukuqapha eduze impilo yezingane zabo, futhi beqhuba izinqubo ECG nje okufanele yenziwe njalo, OK - kanye ngonyaka.