Descent of uMoya oNgcwele phezu Zabaphostoli. Umkhosi Descent of uMoya oNgcwele phezu Zabaphostoli

Ngo isiko Orthodox amaholide eziningi. Zintathu - omunye ngamaholide ezibaluleke kakhulu ngemva Easter and uKhisimusi.

Ingqikithi yalo Holy Trinity iholide

Ngosuku the Holy Trinity Church ekhumbula senzakalo esikhulu waseBhayibhelini - ukufika uMoya oNgcwele phezu Zabaphostoli. Lesi senzakalo saphawula isisekelo Church of Christ. Ngalolu suku, emhlabeni wonke kuyinto ukunqoba ukholo lobuKristu, okubizela izingane zakhe ezingokomoya ukuze ziqinise futhi buyekeza etholwe Sacrament izipho Ukubhapathizwa uMoya oNgcwele. umusa Engaqondakali kaNkulunkulu uvuselela futhi siguqule emhlabeni kwangaphakathi ezingokomoya zabantu lowo nalowo lokholwako, umnikeza yonke okumsulwa kakhulu, esiyigugu futhi sublime. On umkhosi Holy Trinity amaKristu obu-Orthodox ajabule futhi ukugubha ukufika uMoya oNgcwele phezu Abaphostoli Namadoda lokuzalwa of the Church. Futhi ngalolu suku-ke waqala enye Umuntu kaNkulunkulu. Ezikhathini zeTestamente Elidala, abantu base bazi kukhuluma ngaNkulunkulu kuphela, nge kokuzalwa kukaKristu babona ngeNdodana yakhe ezelwe yodwa, futhi ngosuku lwePentekoste, abantu bakwazi ukufunda mayelana umuntu wesithathu kuZiqu-zintathu - Moya Longcwele.

UMoya oNgcwele Sokulinda

Descent of uMoya oNgcwele abaphostoli ngePhentekoste njengoba enkulu Inkathi yenguquko emlandweni izwe, wavuswa ezixoxwa Luka zokuqala yezEnzo. Lesi senzakalo sasingeyona isimanga izethameli - UNkulunkulu wabikezela ngomlomo wabaprofethi bakhe, iisus hristos wachaza isidingo kokubethelwa kwakhe, futhi aduduzwe abalilayo kwabaphostoli, ebatshela mayelana nokuza uMoya oNgcwele ukuqedela insindiso amadoda. Ilinde ukufika Umoya Ongcwele? Virgin Mary, abafundi bakaKristu, eziveza imure abesifazane, futhi abantu abangaphezu kuka-100 ayeseJerusalema kuya Cenacle, elalikade labetibambile ESidlweni Sokugcina neNkosi. Zonke abahlanganyeli ayelindele isithembiso sikaYise, uJesu athembisa, nakuba engazi ukuthi kanjani futhi nini-ke kuzokwenzeka. Ngemuva kwesehlakalo, lapho uJesu enyukela ezulwini, lwafika usuku yeshumi. AmaJuda ugujwe ngelilanga lePhentekhoste, umkhosi iTestamente Elidala - ukukhululwa kwamaJuda ebugqilini baseGibhithe futhi ekuqaleni ukuphila emunye + noNkulunkulu. Descent of uMoya oNgcwele kwenzeka ngalolu suku akuyona ngephutha: it ukhulula abakholelwa kuJesu Kristu emandleni kaSathane futhi isisekelo union esisha noNkulunkulu eMbusweni waKhe. Yathatha indawo imithetho eqinile of the Old Testament abhalwe kokuhola kukaNkulunkulu ngomoya ngothando nangenkululeko.

Descent of uMoya oNgcwele phezu Zabaphostoli

Ngehora lesishiyagalolunye ekuseni abantu abeza eJerusalema ngomkhosi wePhentekoste, bahlangana amasonto imithandazo nemihlatshelo. Descent of uMoya oNgcwele kwenzeka ngokuphazima kweso: lokuqala phezu Cenacle abonakala njengembudane umsindo umoya wesiphepho. Lendlu yagcwala nabaphostoli ezingcwele lo msindo owawuphezu kwamakhanda azo, kwakukhona okuningi elikhanyayo kodwa hhayi khona ukuhanguka ilangabi ngezilimi. ezingajwayelekile nakakhulu ukuthi izakhiwo sabo esingokomoya: lowo bawa, wazizwa yokwanda wamandla angokomoya, intshiseko nenjabulo okungavamile. Feel like uku ekhululekile, egcwele amandla futhi zamthanda ngokwengeziwe uNkulunkulu, abaphostoli waqala ukuveza injabulo yabo nge cheers elikhulu nodumo kuNkulunkulu, okwembula ngesikhathi esifanayo, bathi, hhayi kuphela e-Hebrew, kodwa nakwezinye, ezazingaziwa kubo ngezilimi. Ngakho kwaba khona ukwehla okukhulu ngokuthokoza kukaMoya oNgcwele, ukuba christen kubo ngomlilo, njengoba nje kwakubikezelwe ngomprofethi ioann Krestitel.

Intshumayelo yokuqala kaPetru

Ngomsindo owawenziwa endlini yabaphostoli nguye abantu abaningi. Abaphostoli emthandazweni futhi ukukhulekela uNkulunkulu waya ophahleni. Ukuzwa mithandazo ukucula kwenjabulo, abantu bamangala ukuthi abafundi bakaKristu, esikhathini esiningi, abantu elula abangafundile abakhuluma izilimi ezahlukene. Futhi ngamunye wafika ukugubha eJerusalema evela kuwo wonke abantu ukuzwa ulimi lwendabuko futhi baqonde ukuthi Umphostoli uthi. Ngaphandle umusa sangaphakathi ushintsho, abaphostoli bakwazi ngezilimi ezahlukene, ngaphandle ngokuzitadisha, ngempumelelo sisakaza iVangeli ezizweni ezahlukene.
Ukubona isixuku edideka endlini, Apostol Petr yasondela wanika intshumayelo yakhe yokuqala emfushane lapho esho isiprofetho ekwehleleni ngokuyisimangaliso uMoya oNgcwele lasendulo lifezekile, nokuthi kukhona ukusindisa abantu ukuthi lokhu kwavele ehlushwa engu- iisus hristos. Intshumayelo kwakulula, kodwa watshela ngokusebenzisa imilomo amadoda ngoMoya oNgcwele. La mazwi ukungena inhliziyo ukulalela abantu, futhi ngokushesha waqaphela esidlangalaleni baphenduke ezonweni zabo futhi abhapathizwe. Omunye-Day iSonto liye lenyuka lisuka 120 izinkulungwane ezintathu. Ngakho ngosuku bokwehla okukhulu ngokuthokoza kukaMoya oNgcwele phezu kwabaphostoli kwakuyisiqalo khona Church of Christ - umphakathi enibusisiwe amakholwa abafuna ukusindisa imiphefumulo yabo. Ngokusho nesithembiso uJehova, iSonto ngeke egqilazwe izitha kokholo kuze kube sekupheleni kwezwe.

izimfundiso lwePhentekoste

On umkhosi Descent of uMoya oNgcwele abaphostoli emasontweni uzibophezele komunye amasevisi okucebile enhle ngonyaka. Amathempeli ahlotshiswe amakhambi ehlobo - amakholwa ihambisane izimbali zasendle, amahlumela ngesikele sokuthena of birch. Phansi amathempeli ngokuvamile efafazwe asanda utshani, flavour mouthwatering ukuthi ihlangana ne iphunga lempepho, kudala isimo holidi okungavamile. Umbala izingubo izinceku abakhethiwe ukufanisa umhlobiso wethempeli - imibala efanayo green.
Ngemva Inkonzo, emathempelini zivame kwenziwe ngokushesha futhi esidlweni esikhulu. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kusihlwa ngokuvamile babekhonza kusihlwa, ngalolo suku ngenxa yokuthi eziningi ezithembekile zingakwazi khona-ke, enze okuhlukile. ISidlo chants khazimulisa uMoya oNgcwele. Inqobo nje uma le sevisi, umpristi wayifunda umthandazo ekhethekile ezintathu iSonto, alindele insindiso wonke yokwethembeka ngoba kwaba Phumula ka imiphefumulo bonke abafileyo, ngisho nalabo esihogweni. Zonke besonto ngalesi sikhathi kukhona ngamadolo abo. Okunjalo ukuguqa umthandazo pyatidesyatidnevny nkathi iphela emva Easter, lapho umhlaba neminsalo ukuguqa hhayi lwenziwa.

Descent of uMoya oNgcwele phezu Zabaphostoli. iconography iholide

Ukwakheka kanye ifomu iconography lwePhentekoste ingesinye sezibonelo zalokho izinguquko zobuciko imifanekiso ngaphansi kwethonya emfundisweni yobuKristu eminyaka. Ukwehlukanisa ukugujwa Ascension ne lwePhentekoste owaqala ekhulwini IV. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, lowo mkhosi kwaba ngosuku olufanayo, lapho kwabonakala izithonjana Ascension, lwePhentekoste. Ngemva ekugubheni ngekhulu xv ihlukaniswe, ngokulandelana, lapho kwakunesidingo esikhulu sokuthethelelwa ukuba sibonise ahlukene lwePentekoste, abaculi wabelane isithonjana engxenyeni engenhla - "Ascension" - futhi aphansi - "lwePhentekoste". Kulokhu, isithonjana lwePhentekoste kwesokunxele isithombe Virgin, ukuthi kwaba kwakungenangqondo. Ngakho-ke, e-East isithonjana of the Virgin kungaveli nabaculi Western baqhubeka ukudweba wakhe ube isikhungo sombuso isithonjana lwePhentekoste. Ekhulwini XVII amakhosi Russian waqala ancike onobuhle Western yabuye yaqala ukubeka izithonjana Virgin phezu Uzalo ngekusitwa nguMoya Longcwele.
Phakathi abaphostoli, esikhundleni Virgin ngezinye izikhathi, kuchazwa Etimasiya - Throne wathembisa omelela uNkulunkulu uYise, iVangeli evulekile kuso - uphawu iNdodana kaNkulunkulu, futhi ngaphezu kwabo, lama juba - uphawu ngoMoya oNgcwele. Zonke ndawonye luwuphawu kaZiqu-zintathu.
Le isixazululo "isigamu ezithandayo" onganelisekile bonke abaculi, ukufuna indlela engcono kakhulu baqhubeka. Descent of uMoya oNgcwele kwadingeka ayikho into emlandweni. It sathathwa njengesisekelo isikimu "Kristu uMfundisi phakathi kwabaphostoli" ukudala izingoma ezintsha iconographic. Lolu phawu kaKristu itholakala maphakathi, ngapha langapha abaphostoli. Esikhaleni "arc" yitafula, ubhasikidi nge miqulu. Ngemva izinguquko ezithile ziye zaholela baye bathi sebeshintshe ngokuphelele of samuntu isithonjana, ifomu zazo esikwaziyo namuhla.

isithonjana lwePhentekoste

Bokuqala uyasinda isithombe Descent of uMoya oNgcwele ithatha sifika onyakeni ka-586. Lokhu-miniature Russian amaVangeli wadala rabula indela kusukela Syria. Futhi, isithonjana likhona encwadini yamaHubo futhi eVangelini siqu, emibhalweni yeBhayibheli yesandla yasendulo, e nemidwebo amathempeli amaningi asendulo kweNtaba Athos, eKiev, Novgorod kanye namanye amasonto. ISinayi imifanekiso VII - abaphostoli IX ekhulwini kuboniswa isikhundla phansi, futhi, ungangemuki uMoya lapho imisebe esuka ilangabi uMsindisi isibusiso esivela ezulwini.
Isithonjana "Descent of uMoya oNgcwele", okumelelwe isithombe ngenhla, ngokwesiko okubonisa Zabaphostoli ku Cenacle ngezilimi umlilo phezu kwamakhanda abo. Wayehlezi a umkhumbi 12 abafundi bakaKristu (esikhundleni uJuda Iskariyothe uvezwa umphostoli uMathewu, ngubani wakhethwa ukuba esikhundleni sakhe) zibambe izincwadi nemiqulu - Amatshwayo nemfundiso yesonto. Imino yabo ezigoqwe ku ekuthinteni zesibusiso. Phakathi nabafundi bakaKristu kuboniswe isithonjana Umphostoli UPawulu, owayengeyena ngalolo suku ku Cenacle. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uMoya oNgcwele wehlela hhayi nje kulabo ababesezweni Cenacle, kodwa lonke iBandla, ehlanganisa ngaleso sikhathi Nambili. Yethula isithonjana phakathi uPawulu noPetru isikhala esingenalutho sibonisa khona uMoya oNgcwele esigabeni Church. Kusukela XVII - eminyaka XVII, isithonjana ivunyelwe umfanekiso Our Lady. Nakuba kule iZenzo zabaPhostoli ke aluboniswa ngalesi senzakalo, kodwa uLuka uthi ngemva Ascension likaJesu Kristu, bonke abaphostoli ngomthandazo nabesifazane, noMariya. Phakathi Kwesinye salezo zikhathi zokuhlangana zenzeka bese ukwehla okukhulu ngokuthokoza kukaMoya oNgcwele. Iconography evunyiwe indawo Our Lady sizungezwe abaphostoli maphakathi isithonjana.

Ayenikezelwe-zintathu Ongcwele

Nakuba e Sokholo ubudlelwane zintathu Ongcwele yaqedwa ekhulwini IV, ibandla lokuqala egameni zintathu Ongcwele emhlabeni yobuKristu akazange avele ngaphambi kwekhulu XII. ERussia, isonto lokuqala Descent of uMoya oNgcwele lakhiwa 1335 phakathi indela ephansi uSergiyu ka Radonezh abayizithulu Bora. It yaba isisekelo ngoZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra - omunye izikhungo elikhulu ekuphileni okungokomoya eRussia. Ekuqaleni, kokwakhiwa kwethempeli izinkuni elincane igama zintathu Ongcwele eziningi amaseli encane. Ngemva kulo ibandla labaseTheselonika Descent of uMoya oNgcwele phezu Abaphostoli Namadoda endaweni ezungeze kwaba ingxenye Isigodlo, futhi ekugcineni isikhungo ezingokomoya eMoscow eziningi okuyizinto umhlaba. Manje esikhundleni ethempelini cheryrehstolpny 1423 kwemibhoshongo enhle cross-oluyingungu elimhlophe-itshe zintathu Cathedral, azungeze okwaphela amakhulu eminyaka kwakheka Ensemble yezakhiwo sezindela.