Common nase: incazelo, indlela yokuphila, isithombe

Uma Common nase kwaba sasivumela omele amaningi umndeni carp, kanti kwezinye izindawo ngisho kufakwe uhlu izinhlanzi kwezohwebo. Namuhla, kuyinto engavamile kakhulu futhi cishe ezisengcupheni.

incazelo

Ngobukhulu Podust kufanele oluthathwa njengoba inhlanzi encane. Ngokuvamile, ubude bayo akuyona cm angaphezu kuka-30, futhi isisindo - 400 g, kodwa ezimweni ezehlukile atholakala ngabanye 1.5 kg. elongate umzimba, embozwe, izikali esikhulu uvalwe efanelekayo. Belly futhi ezinhlangothini esiliva elikhanyayo umbala izinhlanzi, futhi emuva ivelele ngokuba oluhlaza awo angaphakathi amnyama. Sigqamile ngokubomvu amaphiko, umsila has umngcele amnyama emaphethelweni phezulu kanye phansi. Phakathi zidala, abesilisa ukuthola umbala - ezisemagumbini emlonyeni, eduze amaphiko pectoral avele izindawo orange. Kanye wonke umzimba (esweni ngemisila) ezinhlangothini lokugijima black band, futhi on esikalini avele ezifana izilongotshane elincane umbala. Ekhanda akhiwa lamachubu eziningi EPITHELIAL.

Igama layo undermouth wathola isikhundla okungavamile emlonyeni. He is ngaphansi ekhaleni gristly kubonakale silibangise enkangala futhi ine uhlobo transverse arcuate umqhewu. namazinyo Pharyngeal makhulu, elilodwa-irowu. On umhlathi ongezansi has a ezicijile uphondo cheholchik.

Iminyaka yokuphila kwabantu kuyinto okuyisilinganiso seminyaka engu 8-10, futhi kuncika ikakhulu izimo Evamile nase uhlala ngaphansi kwazo.

taxonomy

Lolu hlobo kungokwalabo umndeni carp, oda carps iqembu izinhlanzi ray-finned. Eminyakeni yamuva, izinombolo zayo kwehle kakhulu. Of ekhona 18 izinhlobo undermouth abavamile - okuvame kakhulu.

Habitat nokusatshalaliswa

Le nhlanzi ukhetha inkambo nokulinganisela akawuthandi emi amanzi. Ngakho-ke, cishe uhlala kwemifula ejulile lapho phansi kuyinto sandy, enamadwala, nge semfene ezinkulu, gwema izindawo nge flow kancane. Podust - izinhlanzi phansi, wayelokhu cishe ngaso kakhulu phansi, cishe omthintayo naye esiswini sakhe. Babathanda kakhulu endaweni lapho eziningi snags zifakwa futhi doti enamadwala.

Sitholakala emifuleni cishe zonke ezinkulu Europe. Kuyinto ezivamile eJalimane and Switzerland. ERussia, uhlala imifula imicengezi aseBaltic, North kanye Black iziLwandle. Esikhathini sifinyelela engenhla Kama kuvamile impela Common nase. Ngo Belarus, ububanzi bayo kukhawulwe emfuleni umcengezi le Bug Western futhi Pripyat.

indlela yokuphila

Le nhlanzi yakha imihlambi eminingi ehlanganisa amashumi ngisho namakhulu abantu cishe alinganayo. Podust linesizotha futhi nginethemba kakhulu, okwenza kube izisulu ezilula Anglers. Inhlanzi ukufiphala ekhangayo, ungakwazi ngokuvamile ubone bebhukuda cishe ukuba izinyawo ababhukudi abantu. I ephakanyiswe kusuka phansi odakeni futhi isihlabathi abakufunayo izibungu izinambuzane. Fish Sivamile ukwehlelwa kwamanzi (ncibilika) e noJuni, uma kukhona indiza mass bloodworms. Ngenxa kwelungiselelo elikhethekile emlonyeni undermouth ukudla ophoqelelwe phezu ukubeka kusuka roll kwamanzi, okubonisa esiswini elikhanyayo. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa ukuncibilika izinhlanzi nezinye.

Common nase - izinhlanzi ehola yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Ngo sezulu libalele, ungabona ukuma okuhle ezansi emide yezimvu. Ziyakwazi ngezinye izikhathi eziningi kakhulu. Ebusuku, izinhlanzi ingena ukujula noma eduze ogwini, ezifihle ehlathini, okuyinto kanengi uwela kubhasikidi ukudoba futhi basting.

Undermouth kakhulu sensitive umonakalo amanzi. Kodwa ngezinye kwekhabhoni amagesi anobuthi avela izitshalo riparian nge kokulikhiphela akusho hamba, njengoba kwenziwa, isibonelo, minnows, futhi ifihla ngemuva amatshe. Ngenxa yalokho, cishe njalo ehlobo, ungabona kanjani emfuleni sibaningi elintantayo undermouth umndondo, ngokuhudula kude iqhude kanye amanqe.

ukudla

Nase Evamile, isithombe okuyinto ivezwa lesi sihloko, njengoba izinhlanzi nsuku feeds ikakhulu ulwelwe filamentous futhi detritus. Yena iqoqa ngokubakhanda ngamatshe, Driftwood yinqwaba, skilfully scouring ezindebeni zakhe. It is enza umonakalo omkhulu kuya entwasahlobo undermouth nezinye izinhlanzi ukudla amaqanda abo avundiswa, ukuhwaya ngayo izinto ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ingxenye yokudla kule nkathi zimi nomswani kanye nemisundu eminingi. Kodwa nge ekuqaleni ehlobo kuba inhlanzi herbivorous Common nase - ukudla kwakhe siqukethe ngokuphelele emfuleni kwezimila.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha

Ukukhula kwalezi izinhlanzi zifinyelela enkathini yokuthomba 3-5 ubudala, lapho zabo obuphelele umzimba iba hhayi ngaphansi kuka 18 cm. Undermouth caviar kubeka ku amatshe amakhulu, yinqwaba. Uqhubeka ngalesi sikhathi hhayi ningi than izinsuku ezintathu. Amaqanda makhulu, umbala olumhlophe, lemali kwazo kuvela izingcezu 1.5 kuya kwezingu-12. Esikhathini esithile undermouth namanje ubambe eduze ngezizathu zidala. Ngalesi sikhathi, ke feeds hhayi kuphela izimila, kodwa futhi nezinye zidala nezibiliboco kamuva, inhlanzi: chub, gudgeon, roach. Ngezinye izikhathi akusho eya siqu sakhe.

Ngemva 2 amaviki izibungu avele ukukhanya. Bahlala khona izinyanga ezimbili emanzini, zidla plankton futhi babe gazinga, ukudlulela yokuphila phansi ukuthi ngokuvamile kuholela Common nase.

Lokuzaliswa kuthathela ngo-Ephreli, kodwa kuyenzeka ngezinye izikhathi baligcina nalapho ngosuku olungaphambili, incike lokushisa lamanzi - ke kufanele lizwakale linemfudumalo okungenani kuze 8-10⁰S. Fry avele, uma kakade efudumele okwanele, futhi bachitha lonke ihlobo e angajulile futhi Shoals nge zamanje ababuthakathaka. Ezindaweni ezinjalo ngokuvamile zikhule utshani ngokwanele (amanzi Pine Shelkovnikov futhi t. D.), Ngenxa okuyinto izinhlanzi zikhule ngokushesha impela. Ngo September, izingane bathuthela ezindaweni ezijulile. Ukuze engu-unyaka owodwa Podust isisindo imayelana 60 g bawe kakade ifinyelela isisindo 150-200 g

ubusika

Ekwindla, lapho kuqala kubanda, undermouth luhlala endaweni enokuthula futhi ethule. Ukuntuleka kokudla isitshalo nokumphoqelela ukubheka ibhu udaka ungqimba. Ngo-October walowo imifula imisinga enamandla kanye Shoals wacishe ingekho. Indawo eyinhloko ukuze bahlale khona ubusika Common nase, kukhona emigodini ejulile. Kuzo, efihla kusukela ngoNovemba, lapho imifula uqale ukumisa, futhi kuze entwasahlobo.

ukubaluleka kwezomnotho

Undermouth value commercial abuzange. Isizathu siwukuthi muva nje-ke cishe ingekho ngamanani amakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phansi yokuphila eziphila yakhe catch nzima. Ngokuvamile undermouth iba impango Anglers ehlome rod ukudoba elula. I nomlomo namanye amadivayisi efanayo akusiyo bamagange. Kodwa lolo obuswa kanzima. Bit ukhona phakathi abadobi ochwepheshe yokuthi catch Podust poods. Biting senhlanzi kudinga libhubhisa esheshayo, futhi sinamandla ngempela futhi ngokuvamile ahlahlele. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu kudinga umuntu ukuzondla kahle in inqwaba.

Podust inyama okumnandi, ukudla, has properties ahlukahlukene ewusizo. Ukupheka kufanele kube ngokushesha ngemuva kokugibela inhlanzi, t. Ukuze. It has ikhono ngokushesha ukuwohloka.

izinyathelo zokuvikeleka

zezinyoni ezingavamile, ogama labantu muva kuye kwanciphisa ikakhulukazi, kuyinto Common nase. incwadi Red emazweni amaningi aseYurophu siyifake uhlu izinhlanzi ezisengozini. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukunciphisa isibalo lolu hlobo - nokungcoliswa emifuleni-zinambuzane, yasendlini nendle ezimbonini. Common nase - izinhlanzi ukuthi singaphila emanzini ahlanzekile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kunomthelela ekulondolozweni yokuhlanza emfuleni embhedeni, ekuvimbeleni siltation ngezizathu zidala, ukukhulisa yokufakelwa, bamlandela ekwenzeni amanzi.