Biography of uSolzhenitsyn: Kwakuwusuku Gulag

"I Gulag Archipelago", "One Day ku-internet Ivana Denisovicha" ... Lezi imisebenzi edumile emhlabeni wonke ka-Aleksandru uSolzhenitsyn wadala. Biography (dlala), lokhu umbhali kuzoxoxwa ngezansi.

Alexander uSolzhenitsyn: Life Indlela

Umlobi esizayo wazalwa ngo-December 11, 1918 ku Kislovodsk. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abazali bakhe beza kusukela abalimi, babenesifiso imfundo enhle. Nokho, unina umfelokazi uSolzhenitsyn sika esesesiswini sikanina. Ukuze ondle indodana yakhe, waba oloba.

Ngo-1938, u-Aleksandr Isaevich waqala ukutadisha at Rostov University physics kanye ne-mathematics ubuhlakani. Ngo-1941, naye wakwazi ukuqedela umnyango ukuxhumana walesi sikhungo. Biography uSolzhenitsyn ibonisa ukuthi ekuqaleni ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe Aleksandr Isaevich wangena ebuthweni.

Ngo-1945 A. uSolzhenitsyn waboshwa counterintelligence Tactical, njengoba enye yezincwadi zakhe NKVD wathola ukugxekwa uStalin. Ngenxa yalokho, u-Aleksandr Isaevich wagwetshwa iminyaka engu-8 ebhadla ejele futhi bedingiselwe eSiberia. Wayelethwa avuselelwa kuphela ngo-1957

Biography uSolzhenitsyn lisitshela ukuthi ngo-1974 lapho aphinde waboshwa khona, osolwa ngokuba imbuka futhi wadingiselwa eJalimane. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, umbhali kuhanjiswe ku Melika - nangu eyingoduso e umsebenzi wokubhala.

Ngo-90-yalolucwaningo eRussia emuva abanye abathuthela kwamanye amazwe. Omunye wabo kwakungu-Alexander uSolzhenitsyn, biography kabani iDemo lithi waphindela kwelakubo kuphela ngo-1994, umsebenzi womphakathi kanye kwezincwadi umbhali waqhubeka kwaze kwaba usuku lokugcina - wafa ngo-2008.

Biography of uSolzhenitsyn: Ukudala

Ngo-1962, Khrushchev avunyelwe ukushicilelwa noveli "One Day ku-internet Ivana Denisovicha." Umkhiqizo isihloko yayizimisele emakamu kaStalin. Khona-ke izindaba ezinjalo yashicilelwa ngokuthi "Matryona" futhi "Ukuze ezinhle imbangela."

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-5, umbhali ethunyelwe iCongress of the Union of abalobi incwadi evulekile ngokuthi ukuphela ukucwaninga. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe uvinjelwe. Noma kunjalo, amanoveli ezifana "Umdlavuza Lesigceme" futhi "OwokuQala Circle", lisabalaliswe samizdat wafika ngisho eNtshonalanga.

Ngo-1970, isiboshwa wangaphambilini we Gulag ukhishwa emkhakheni izincwadi uMklomelo KaNobel. Kodwa ngo-1973 i-KGB ashaqe imisebenzi wesandla "The Gulag Archipelago", okuyinto wachaza emakamu okusebenza kanzima nasemajele chithi saka-USSR. Ngokwezibalo, isithakazelo umfundi ngobukhulu e-uSolzhenitsyn kwaba kule minyaka 1988-1993. Khona-ke, imisebenzi yakhe yashicilelwa cishe amakhophi angaphezu kwesigidi e.

Biography uSolzhenitsyn uphawula ukuthi umbhali zokudala okuthiwa nobuntu isikali oludumile inkinga, kanye ukubonakaliswa izenzakalo zomlando ngokusebenzisa iphrizimu bezibona abalingiswa ezahlukene ngokuphelele nomunye. Wayevame isebenzisa kungabhekisela waseBhayibhelini futhi umfanekiso kwengoma. Kulokhu, ukuma kombhali akuyona njalo eshiwo ngokucacile, kunalokho uSolzhenitsyn uzama ukufaka Ukungqubuzana imibono ephikisanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi yakhe mikhulu kangakanani obubhalwe okhetheke khulu. Eqinisweni, iningi izinhlamvu imisebenzi uSolzhenitsyn sika babe prototypes real, okuyinto okwakushiwo umlobi mathupha.