Biography Danielya Defo - nombhali "eRobinson Crusoe"

Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi ngenxa yezimo ezithile, sifunani phambili ngoLwesihlanu. Kungokufanayo kwenziwa futhi hero iwusizo kakhulu Danielya Defo - eRobinson Crusoe. Yena akazange azihlanganise nesiqunto ngoLwesihlanu. Mhlawumbe le ncwadi - omunye wemisebenzi ambalwa ukubisha umphefumulo umfundi kusuka emakhasini lokuqala.

Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela kafushane kwakho ngalokho kwaba biography of uDaniel Defoe - umdali imisebenzi othandekayo. Izazi-mlando ungavumelani: lapho ezalelwa umlobi odumile. In the ukungabikho iyiphi asekelayo ncamashi le dokhumenti ulwazi, kucatshangwa ukuthi Defoe wazalwa cishe 1660. Kwakungenxa Maphakathi nekhulu le-17 e-London, indodana kahle abacebile inyama yomthengisi wazalwa Daniel kancane. Kusukela zisencane, uye wazembula nesifiso esinamandla sokufunda, okungase asehluleki ezikudidayo abazali bakhe. Umama nobaba yayifisa ukuthi indodana yabo yayizonakekelwa waba umpristi, noma, kanti okubi, ukuze uqhubeke ebhizinisini lomkhaya. Kodwa isiphetho babenqume ngenye indlela.

Umlando Sakudala uDaniel Defoe ugcwele izenzakalo eliqhakazile: lapha samaPuritan Academy theological and imizamo izinkondlo imisebenzi izindikimba yenkolo, ngisho ezimali umsebenzi efektri hosiery. Lapho ngineminyaka engu-engu-25 (ngo-1685), le nsizwa uqala yomthengisi umsebenzi. Iwayini kanye nogwayi, amasokisi amade kanye zokwakha - sibonga isipho lokukholisa Defoe waba amakhasimende ububanzi hhayi kuphela e-England, kodwa futhi phesheya. Nokho, ukusuka ngamunye walandela sincipha ngokushesha. wezimali inhlalakahle yakhe njalo esikhundleni wuhlelo nciphisa. Kamuva, umbhali uyothi khona ukuthi wagcina engumlandeli izikhathi amathathu enothe, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo nakanjani abampofu.

Ngawo lowo nyaka biography Danielya Defo kungenzeka ubuthaphuthaphu: iqhaza ekuhlubukeni King James II izinyathelo zezombusazwe uStuart wayesemathuneni ekamu lama-ezinqotshiwe, futhi kwadingeka ukuba ukuhlobisa izikafula. Nokho, lokhu akuzange kwenzeke, futhi ngenxa yezimo engaziwa (kungakhathaliseki wasixolela umbhali, kungakhathaliseki wamane wabaleka) nombhali "eRobinson Crusoe" wayesaphila.

A sihlubuki ngokwemvelo, umbhali uDaniel Defoe inkanuko waphonseka izimpi zezombusazwe avuvukele. Ukusekela umbusi omusha Vilgelma Oranskogo - Dutch owazalelwa - the eyiNgisi kwaba sobukhosi eseduze. Nokho, imibono kababa yenkolo, ebekwe umsebenzi 'indlela engcono ukuqeda abasezinhlanganweni "Angitholanga impendulo kule elandelayo imibuso okwakukhona Anna Stewart. Futhi, by inhlanhla bodwa, ihlongandlebe ededelwa ekuvalelweni.

Ngemva oza esihlalweni sobukhosi sendlu ka-Hanover Defoe futhi ehileleka izingxabano zezombusazwe. Uma ejele, umbhali ikhetha ukushiya umsebenzi impi embi nosopolitiki wayeseba yisakhamuzi abavamile. Kwaba ngemva kokukhululwa ejele, uDaniyeli wabhala umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala omkhulu "Ukuphila Adventures eRobinson Crusoe emangalisayo." Izimpi ezingakaze zibe enkazimulweni wobuciko okukhulunywa likhula ngokushesha. incwadi Novoizdannuyu ngokuthwebula off emashalofini like hotcakes. Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi oqwembeni amakhophi okuqala noveli akazange ucacise igama lombhali: umbhali wesaba ukuthi "inkazimulo" fighter yakhe yezombusazwe kungaba yingozi umkhiqizo.

Ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba sazi, ayikho le nto ezifana isithombe. UDaniel Defoe lathunjwa amafutha nelineni ngendwangu futhi atshengisa abadumile, hhayi ukuze, abaculi bangaleso sikhathi. Eziningi zalezi imisebenzi ezisekhona kuze kube sesikhathini sethu.

Biography Danielya Defo has iminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi, nakuba inani imisebenzi umbhali ungaphakathi uhla, anamakhulu mane, lutho olungcono, "eRobinson Crusoe" ayikwazanga ubhalele umbhali. Omunye imisebenzi yakhe ebalulekile kuwumsebenzi emithathu ivolumu "Ukuvakasha England nase-Scotland."

UMdali owaziwa nabathandwayo zonke izincwadi mayelana eseyitholile esiqhingini wafa ngo-1731, ekhaya, umkakhe nezingane eziyisishiyagalombili - waphoqeleka ukuba abalekele izikweletu futhi ejele abanamacala '.