Berry ezihlabayo: isakhiwo, izici kulinywe, betshala nokunakekela

Akunakwenzeka ukuba zibone ngeso lengqondo izwe ngaphandle sezihlahla berry - hhayi kuphela ezindaweni suburban, lapho inhlanganisela zokuhlobisa kanye nokusetshenziswa, kodwa futhi phezu ezitaladini zalelo dolobha, sizungezwe amasiko Fluffy akahle engengaphansi abathandekayo. Sibona onjani isitshalo - kwezihlahla berry.

izici kwesakhiwo

Zonke izihlahla libhekene ukungabi khona umgqomo. Kunalokho, ngokushesha kusukela uhlelo impande ubabonisa kuze amagatsha kweshumi, udala isidleke uqobo. Bangabaholi amagatsha ayinhloko. Ehlathini yakhiwa amagatsha ubudala ezahlukene kanye amahlumela ekuthuthukiseni izinso ezansi noma amagatsha isikhathi. Ukuhoxa izitshalo ezifana nezithelo amagatsha vegetative. Kobujamo obusaqanda izici umqhele nezihlahla kakhulu. Okukhishwayo kuphela lianopodobnye zinhlobo nge umqhele isicaba nezitshalo Ornamental, okuyinto nika ukuma izihlahla okunekhono.

Umsuka uhlelo ngokuvamile uhlanganisa eziyisisekelo ezimbalwa, kodwa izimpande naphakathi, ibekwe endaweni engekho ngaphezu kweyodwa kanye amamitha isigamu ukujula. Ngokushesha ukuthola sebuningini ukuncela izimpande, ebusweni nendawo okuhlelwa futhi usibekela benezincwadi endaweni ebanzi. Abaningi bazizwa njengodade sezihlahla berry, esimagama siyazi kusukela ebuntwaneni. Lona ezivamile amajikijolo engadini eRussia - currant, ugqumugqumu, Honeysuckle, raspberry, abanye izinhlobonhlobo cherry kanye nabanye.

Izici Key

Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene berry ezihlabayo, kodwa ngento eyodwa - isivuno ripens kuneNingizimu ukuthi lamatshe pome izithelo izitshalo. Nothile Kuveza berry kakhulu nge ngendlela efanele izinyathelo Agro-lobuchwepheshe. A yokuzala izindlela vegetative kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba athole izithelo zokuqala: unyaka 2-3 emva kokutshala.

Amajikijolo abacebile compounds ahlukahlukene bioactive, amavithamini, acid organic, pectins, ushukela. I okwandile kakhulu kulelizwe ithole berry ezihlabayo, izithombe, esimagama aso okusesihlokweni esithi - currants, gooseberries, ama-raspberry, chokeberry, Honeysuckle, njll Zonke amajikijolo esihlwabusayo futhi unempilo, kodwa eziningi izici jikelele uhlobo kwezitshalo ngayinye idinga indlela ngamunye ..

Izihlahla berry ezihlabayo

Autumn - isikhathi esingcono kakhulu izihlahla. Entwasahlobo ngenxa vagaries of sezulu engazinzile, awukwazi ukuphatha noma umonakalo: amajikijolo ekuseni eqala ukukhula. Ngalesi sikhathi ungenza isivuno ukulungiswa, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ukubamba ukukhanya beauty zokwelapha. Berry ezihlabayo kaningi zizalwa zingazange ngaphansi ilungiswe. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ukusika sezihlahla akudingeki. Kunalokho, izihlahlana izihlahla kuningi kakhulu kunezinye izihlahla. Ngaphandle kumiswa abanekhono engenakwenzeka ukuthola fruiting shrub ezinhle. Gelled - isitha eyinhloko ehlathini. Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela ukukhanya zikuthinta ngokuqondile isivuno. Amagatsha uzoqala afa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi mayelana nezilokazane nezifo, futhi asikhulumi - e amahlozi esingaweleki ngabo emhlabeni oyipharadesi. Lapha uchume nokugqwala futhi powdery isikhutha, kakhulu ukukhula sesiidae. Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphandle ehlathini ukwakha lubaluleke. Nqampuna izithelo kanye berry ezihlabayo ilula, kunzima kakhulu abaziphatha ngayo. Yiqiniso, lapho ukusika kufanele acabangele izici uhlobo berry ngamunye, futhi sizobe ukukhuluma kubo kamuva.

A amazwi ambalwa mayelana amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze izihlahla. Ingadi ifayela nail izinzipho kumele iloliwe, futhi ibe sesimweni esihle. Akubalulekile ukuba esikhundleni ezivamile sawing engadini hacksaw. Sebenza, omakhelwane ngokuvamile ezilimele angadingi amagatsha izihlahla ke ungakhululekile futhi kunzima. I tincetu kufanele kube bushelelezi futhi zihlanzekile. Lapho sithenwe kahle, bayoba ngaphansi elinegciwane futhi ngokushesha yene.

kokwehla

I yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu sobuciko engadini uzungu kuyinto ukutshala berry sezihlahla. Kumele kwenziwe ku landscape design, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele izintandokazi zohlobo ngalunye oluphilayo zakwazi. Izithombo kufanele kube ukhululekile futhi elula, ngoba otshanini abatshalwé isikhathi eside. Lokunye lokubaluleke ngalokulinganako kukhona kukhethwa indawo, ubuchwepheshe kulinywe kanye nokunakekela isiko kokwehla. Ukutshala Kwenziwa ngaphakathi imigomo kuye ngohlobo kwezitshalo, ngaleso sikhathi sonyaka, izimo zezulu, isimo bokuphila ehlathini.

Qiniseka cabanga ibanga phakathi kwesihlahla watshala. Ngokuvamile zokutshala noma transplanting uqale ekupheleni September (kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-October), kodwa inkathi evumayo kakhulu kuyinto entwasahlobo. izimfuno eliphezulu zenziwa kwi izinga kwenhlabathi (asidi, wenzalo khona Umanyolo futhi umswakama ezingeni). Ukwakha izimo ekukhuleni ngempumelelo ezihlabayo lapho babhekana cababa esiqhubekayo tillage okujulile ukwethulwa ukuvundiswa. Khona-ke, ngamunye ehlathini ngamunye bemba ukutshala ngemgodini, ukujula kufanele okungenani isigamu imitha.

shrub Ukunakekela

Uyabakhathalela berry ezihlabayo iqoqo imisebenzi, okubandakanya izihlahla, ukuvundiswa, ukuchelela kanye asivikele ezinambuzaneni. Its eliphezulu ukuqaliswa izonikeza isivuno eliphezulu. Ama-raspberry, amajikijolo, currants, gooseberries - kungcono izithelo kanye berry sezihlahla. Ngemva kokubuka izinto izici jikelele ukutshala izithelo ezihlabayo ngizinakekele, siphendukela izici ezithile lezi zitshalo.

Currant - berry ezihlabayo

Black currant - intandokazi phakathi balimi Russian. berry ewusizo ukukhanya-edinga, nakuba shading okuncane kwenza ezinhle. It ukhetha inhlabathi evundile hlangothi noma ezingeni eliphansi asidi (6-6.5), awekho ngaphansi izikhukhula ngo komhlaba. Currant - umswakama-onothando isiko futhi kuyakhandla ukuthambisa avamile. Ehlobo owomile kufanele uyophuziswa njalo emavikini amathathu. Okusakazwa cuttings noma izingqimba berry-ovundlile. Isikhathi kunazo ayethanda zokutshala - Autumn, kodwa ugxilile futhi currants etshalwe kwentwasahlobo.

Ukutshala imbobo ibhalwe, ukumba ngokucophelela up inhlabathi bese wengeza humus. Banezinhliziyo amamitha 1.5-2 ngaphandle. Izithombo lujule ukuze 10 cm, futhi bahlele kubo obliquely kunciphisa ukuba 2-3 efihlekile. Kudingeka waminyaka yonke efaka umquba nitrogen ne manyolo organic nokugcina efanele asidi ufulawa dolomite noma umlotha. izihlahla Proper kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo. Bush kufanele libe ubudala ezahlukene amagatsha 15-20. Izihlahla currants ekhiqizwa entwasahlobo noma ngo-Okthoba (emva leaf kuwa). Ezihlabayo thinned ahlabayo alengayo legatsha ehlobo amagatsha 5-6 ababuthakathaka (ngaphansi kuka-15 cm) ukuze athole ngokugcwele noma eqinile amagatsha lateral.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane

Izifo berry ezihlabayo hhayi ukuyibalekela currant: it uchayeke anthracnose, isikhutha, currant ihlumela ngomnikelo omncane. Gwema kuhlasela izinambuzane noma izifo, okuyinto ivame ukubhekana lezi amasiko, kuzokwenza ukwelashwa entwasahlobo. Currants, isibonelo, kuyinto eshaweni ewusizo amanzi abilayo. Nje amanzi abilayo is batheleka yamanzi metal waphuzisa ehlathini kusukela phezulu kuya phansi. Amajikijolo kungenziwa kusetshenzwe by sishaye Bordeaux ingxube. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi ukukhula kwezitshalo.

raspberry

ukunambitheka Omkhulu amajikijolo, izakhiwo zabo okusezingeni eliphezulu zokwelapha, kanye zokuhlobisa okusajingijolo ezihlabayo siyigugu balimi eziningi. Kunzima ukucabanga isayithi ezweni, okuyinto kwakungeke luhlobise sezihlahla berry. Kuye ezihlukahlukene okusajingijolo ezihlabayo ukuphakama ongafinyelela ngamamitha amabili. Ukuze ezinhle kwezitshalo isitshalo ukufinyela raspberry kudingeka imigqa, nge ngezikhawu isigamu-imitha phakathi sezihlahla, ukuze amaqula a ka 0.3 m ukujula. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba ukuwa yayo ukutshala, njengoba ayenzile ngeyokuqala entwasahlobo izinsuku raspberry iqala ngenkuthalo zikhule. Lapho ukutshala izimpande kufanele ibekwe ovundlile kwenhlabathi. inhlabathi iphulwe akudingekile.

Okusajingijolo linesizotha, ukunakekela kuba izihlahla ayimpoqo. It ikuvumela ukwandisa isibalo neziqu, futhi ngenxa yalokho, isivuno. Lapho spring izihlahla isihlahla ashiye amahlumela 7-9 eqinile. Emva kokuvuna, susa oneminyaka emibili neziqu, ukunakekela Ningamuki iziphunzi. Bona overwinter kahle izinambuzane, futhi kubalulekile ukuba ukuwanikeza lelo thuba. Okusajingijolo, abaningi izihlahla berry nezihlahla, amanzi-onothando futhi edinga ukuthambisa ngokweqile ngokulinganisela kodwa hhayi. I sigqoka kangcono ngayo humus.

Ukunakekela ugqumugqumu

Ugqumugqumu - emfushane (akukho esingaphezu imitha ukuphakama) berry ezihlabayo, amagatsha embozwe ameva prickly. Izithelo - round noma okusaqanda amajikijolo aluhlaza, obomvu noma ophuzi. Ugqumugqumu nesomiso nemithi, akathandi umswakama ngokweqile, ukuthambisa kufanele kube ezingavamile futhi olungaphelele.

Proper izihlahla ugqumugqumu kubaluleke ngokukhethekile. Kuyinto ebalulekile ukuze sokuvuna ophanayo. Minyaka yonke, khetha amahlumela ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu eqinile abasha, ngokunciphisa yonke
omunye empandeni. Susa onesifo, alengayo amagatsha futhi amahlumela ezimpandeni ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi yokukhula. Minyaka yonke, udinga agcwalisa amagatsha amasha ehlathini. inani lawo ehlathini kumele singeqi 10-15. ukucutshungulwa Esifike Ngesikhathi kwentwasahlobo nezihlahla kuzosiza ukugwema ukubonakala aphid nezinye izinambuzane. ugqumugqumu ehlathini ngokunakekela okuhle kungaba izithelo kuze kube iminyaka engu-25.

Honeysuckle ezidliwayo

Lokhu izihlahlana uthando kakhulu ukukhanya izitshalo horticultural. Yingakho Honeysuckle ikakhulukazi yayidinga izihlahla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyakwazi ukushwaqa, uma Ukusincwela akuyona eyenziwa eminyakeni 2-3 kuphela. Honeysuckle - ngempela esiyize enkulu, ukufinyelela 2 m ukuphakama, nge beige uqweqwe olungaqinile. Amajikijolo - amnyama onsomi ne glaucous, oblong emise. Ukunambitheka izithelo - kusuka sweet and omuncu-sweet muncu nge ukufutheka liphinyiselwe - ke kuncike ezihlukahlukene.

Honeysuckle idinga gqwa ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela, ikakhulukazi fruiting. It ukhetha inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi yokudla evundile nekhathazayo: njalo eminyakeni 2-3 ezihlabayo ekwindla avundiswa kg umquba 10, 80 g we superphosphate kanye 200 of umlotha. Ngamunye entwasahlobo Honeysuckle fed urea - 10 g ngalinye 1 m². Lokhu eziqinile ebusika berry ezihlabayo neminyaka yokuqala ikhula ngesisindo. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, izihlahla moldable Kwenziwa ngonyaka.

Berry ezihlabayo, isithombe imininingwane emfushane lapho ethulwa isihloko basakaza kulo lonke elaseRussia. Lokhu izitshalo ozithandayo horticultural unyaka ngamunye ngijabulisa abashayeli bamaloli yenala amajikijolo elimnandi ewusizo.