Benzylpenicillin sodium usawoti: yokusetshenziswa. imithetho isicelo

Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ukulungiselela ezifana "Benzylpenicillin sodium usawoti". Yokusetshenziswa, izinkomba, umthamo kanye nezincomo ukusetshenziswa okuzokhulunywa ngazo kulesi sihloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sibheka lezi izakhiwo kwemithi zomuthi, imiphumela engemihle futhi ekuhlanganyeleni izidakamizwa kanye neminye imithi.

Inani lamavoti

Umuthi iyi-ejenti elwa namagciwane kanye elwa namagciwane bohlanga penicillin akuzange kusize. Benzylpenicillin sodium usawoti ngokwayo, yokusetshenziswa zazo izokwethulwa ngezansi kuveza isikhunta ahlukahlukene.

Izidakamizwa kuleli qembu isetshenziselwa ukuphatha esicutshini, imiphumela ku izicubu ehlukahlukene izitho lapho igazi sinikeza esincane penicillin akuzange kusize. Ukuze izidakamizwa waqala kube nemiphumela ubuchopho spinal nentambo meninges, subarachnoid iqondiswa.

Benzylpenicillin sodium usawoti, yokusetshenziswa: isenzo pharmacologically

Umuthi siyasebenza ngokumelene amagciwane igramu-HIV, ezinye zazo yilezi:

• staphylococci;
• streptococci;
• pneumococci;
• idiphtheria ;
• -anthrax coli;
• aerobic (lokusinda ngokungabi bikho-oksijini) sporulating izinduku.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo izidakamizwa iyasebenza ngokumelene Gram cocci ezimbi (meningococcus, gonococcus), spirochetes, actinomycetes namanye amagciwane. Penicillin sodium Usawoti ayizwakali ukulwa namagciwane, rickettsiae, isikhunta, lenyama.

Izidakamizwa namagciwane amelana ka staphylococci, okuyinto bayakwazi bokukhiqiza penicillinase enzyme, uwohloka benzylpenicillin. I nomuthi liveza umsebenzi ongaphakeme e ekwelapheni Pseudomonas aeruginosa, amagciwane emathunjini namanye amagciwane, ekwazi ukwaba amanani angalingani penicillinase.

Pharmacokinetics

Ngo izidakamizwa esicutshini ngokushesha ingena egazini, kusuka lapho silethwa uketshezi lomzimba nezicubu. Ngokuphathelene cerebrospinal fluid, lihlaba uze ube inani elincane penicillin. Ubuningi eliphakeme egazini ngemva lezokuphatha intramuscularly waphawula ngemva 30-50 imiz. Uma izidakamizwa saphathwa phansi kwesikhumba, ngesilinganiso ukumuncwa sinciphile isibalo esiphezulu izinto ezisegazini sizoba ngemva kwehora.

amahora amathathu emva umjovo (ongama noma esicutshini) ka benzylpenicillin iminonjana kuphela ukuhlala egazini. Ngakho-ke, ukuze silondoloze lokuhlushwa eliphezulu izidakamizwa emzimbeni isikhathi eside, kubalulekile ukuba bafake ngokusebenzisa njalo ngemva kwamahora amane.

Lapho iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi, emakamu yayo zomuthi uwela ngokushesha. Futhi uma uthatha ngomlomo benzylpenicillin libhujiswa penicillinase (enzyme) futhi juice esiswini.

Excreted izidakamizwa excreted ku umchamo.

ubufakazi

Kufanele uzifunde ngokucophelela ngaphambi ukuqokwa izidakamizwa-penicillin sodium usawoti, yokusetshenziswa, umthamo kanye izinkomba ukusetshenziswa. Ake uqale nge lakamuva. Ngakho, lesi sidakamizwa ezinqunyiwe:

• yezifo kwamaphaphu futhi ipheshana zokuphefumula;
• izifo ezinzima ukonakala;
• endocarditis webhaktheriya;
• sepsis;
• izifo kanye amanxeba elinegciwane kwezicubu ezithambile, isikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila;
• ukusha;
• ukuvuvukala emgogodleni ubuchopho, izikhumba mazgovyh;
• ubovu pleurisy;
• peritonitis;
• cystitis;
• Pius futhi septicemia;
• osteomyelitis;
• idiphtheria;
• scarlet fever;
• isipatsholo;
• Erysipelas;
• Izifo izinsana;
• -anthrax;
• ugcunsula;
• actinomycosis;
• inflammations ahlukahlukene izifo zabesifazane;
• Izifo ukuvuvukala emphinjeni, indlebe kanye nekhala.

Imigomo yokusetshenziswa kanye umthamo

Kuye izinhlobo yokwelapha uphethwe usebenzisa benzylpenicillin sodium usawoti zomuthi kungenzeka iqondiswa. Yokusetshenziswa, umzila yokuphathwa umthamo kungenzeka ezocatshangelwa yithi kulesi sigaba.

Inkambo yokwelashwa izidakamizwa ingahlala, kuye ngokuthi isifo, kusukela emasontweni 4 izinyanga 2 noma ngaphezulu. Umuthi ingasatshenziswa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• Intramuscularly e waya engxenyeni engenhla elingaphandle gluteal. Ukulungiswa buhlanjululwe ngaphambi wezokuphatha distilled amanzi, novocaine noma sodium isixazululo chloride.
• Intravenous - .. kuphela ngaphansi izifo ezifana ezinzima, ezifana meningitis, endocarditis webhaktheriya, septicemia, njll Umuthi iqondiswa njalo ngehora 4 noma ukuvuza okuqhubekayo - 30 amathonsi ngomzuzu amahora 6-12.
• Lungase iqondiswa endolyumbalno benzylpenicillin sodium usawoti. Yokusetshenziswa (indlela ukusebenzisa) ihlinzeka indlela ukuvuvukala asebuchosheni nomgogodla, kuhlanganise meninges. Umuthi is injected kancane kakhulu - imizuzu 1-2.
• Kukhona amacala lapho benzylpenicillin esetshenziselwa ukujova foci ukuvuvukala. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho actinomycosis, isikhumba leishmaniasis pyoderma ezingamahlalakhona kanye nezinye izifo zesikhumba ezithathelwanayo.
• Nge inhalations - yokwelapha kanye nokuvinjelwa kwezifo of amaphaphu yomoya. Ngenxa yale njongo, exutshwe benzylpenicillin isixazululo sodium chloride noma amanzi distilled. Inhalations kungekho izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-2 ngosuku. Ezesikhathi eside ukwelashwa umuntu - kusuka imizuzu 10 kuya ku-30.
• Liphinde injected ngalo ingaphakathi pleural noma peritoneal e ubovu peritonitis noma pleurisy.
• Ngesimo izona yokugcoba, kusaladi olumanzi, lotions kanye izimpushana - I-ukusha, amanxeba ale izicubu zomzimba ezithambile, futhi osteomyelitis al.
• Futhi, ikhambi izidakamizwa esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo engenhla zokuphefumula kanye zamehlo.

Penicillin ingasetshenziswa therapy kanye nezinye antibiotic sulfanilamide amalungiselelo. Kulokhu-ke izindlela oyoqinisa umphumela zokwelapha izidakamizwa esetshenziswa.

side effects

Ingase futhi abe umthelela ongemuhle benzylpenicillin sodium. Yokusetshenziswa uphawula ukuthi zikhonjiswa ekuphathweni emthanjeni zomuthi avame.

Ngokuyinhloko, emibi ehambisana komzimba nezinto izidakamizwa. Phakathi izimpawu enqabayo waphawula:

• candidiasis;
• isifuba;
• umkhuhlane;
• ukuphathwa ikhanda;
• Ukugodola;
• ubuhlungu bamalunga;
• Angioedema;
• eosinophilia;
• izinhlobo ezahlukene dermatitis;
• umkhuhlane;
• lymphadenopathy;
• ukushaqeka anaphylactic - ezimweni ezingajwayelekile kakhulu.

Izimo

Akubona bonke iziguli angaxhumana yokwelapha nge nomuthi we benzylpenicillin sodium usawoti. Yokusetshenziswa kanye nemithetho yokuphathwa ukunikeza eziningi Izimo. Phakathi kwabo:

• izifo iguliswa ezifana urticaria, hay fever, isifuba somoya bronchial, njll.;
• hypersensitivity kuya penicillin;
• izimpendulo engavamile izidakamizwa;
• isifo lwegciwane ukumelana iyunithi umthamo benzylpenicillin.

Ukwethulwa kwe endolyumbarnym izidakamizwa uyakwazi kungavunyelwe isithuthwane.

Nokukhulelwa kanye lactation

Esimisiwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuphela uma inzuzo ekwelapheni abesifazane mkhulu engaba ingozi kumntanakhe ongakazalwa. Kungenjalo, umuthi ngeke iqondiswa. ingozi isilinganiso nekghono kunqunywa udokotela ukuba khona.

Uma kudingekile, ukuqondiswa izidakamizwa ngesikhathi lactation Kufanele uyeke ukuncelisa ibele.

izakhiwo

Izidakamizwa izidakamizwa benzylpenicillin sodium usawoti ine uhlobo ezimhlophe esihle crystalline powder nge ukunambitheka ababayo okuyinto kalula encibilikayo ketshezi.

Umuthi kalula libhujiswa acid, alkalis, ama-ejenti oxidizing, enzyme penicillinase, kanye bafudumale. Lungiselela izidakamizwa izidakamizwa kumele kube ngokushesha ngaphambi kokwenziwa.

izinyathelo zokuqapha

Umuthi iqondiswa kuphela esibhedlela nge udokotela futhi ayewengamele. Nge ukudlula yokwelapha kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi enganele umthamo benzylpenicillin noma ukunqanyulwa ekuqaleni ukwelashwa kungaholela ekwakhekeni namagciwane amelana microorganism. Esimeni ukumelana ukwelashwa izidakamizwa is baqhubeka nezinye elwa namagciwane.

Ukufisa komzimba iqondiswa kanye izidakamizwa antihistaminic kuyinto benzylpenicillin sodium. Yokusetshenziswa (isenzo izidakamizwa e ebekiwe imininingwane yakhe ethile) yazisa ukuthi uma isiguli ukubonakaliswa iguliswa yokwelapha ngayeka.

Kumaqembu athile eziguli (abadala, izinsana, buthaka ukugula) Kungase kudingeke ukumelana benzylpenicillin, elibangela ukuthuthukiswa superinfection.

Ngekusetjentiswa isikhathi eside, lo muthi kungenziwa ukuyiveza noma ngokwengxenye libhujiswa microflora emathunjini, okuholela ukukhiqizwa encishisiwe amavithamini ye iqembu B. Ngakho prophylactically iziguli evame ukunikezwa amavithamini B1, B12, nabanye.

Uma, ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa izinsuku 3 awuzange waphawula yimuphi umphumela, kubalulekile ukuya ukwelashwa kuhlangene noma ukwabela-antibiotic entsha.

Izixwayiso

Okumele kuqashelwe awabele abantu nge senhliziyo futhi kahle izinso umsebenzi benzylpenicillin sodium usawoti. Yokusetshenziswa futhi incoma ukuthi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile sinikwe labo ezigulini ngilugcinile hypersensitivity kuya cephalosporins.

Ngenxa kungenzeka superinfection fungal Kunconywa ukuba linqume ejenti anti-fungal.

Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa

Ekumisweni labo imithi elwa namagciwane, okuyinto babe bacteriostatic, isinyathelo amagciwane nge-penicillin akuzange encishisiwe.

Ukulungiselela "Probenecid" has a impahla ukunciphisa uketshezi ijabulise ka-antibiotic eholela ukwanda igazi ezingeni wale mithandazo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukwandisa isikhathi balikhipha nasezinguqulweni emzimbeni.