Athletics: lena abanye uhlobo sport? Athletics eRussia

Athletics - wumdlalo eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi ezimpikweni ezahlukene, akumangalisi-ke kubhekwa indlovukazi ezemidlalo, ngisho inkulumo ethi "Ngokushesha, ngezinga eliphakeme, ngamandla" ukuze 2/3 akunakubangelwa ke. Owabanjwa mhlaka Olympics ngesiGreki sokuqala athletics kwakuhlezi uhlu lwezinhlelo ezinkulu ezemidlalo. Futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuze kube namuhla ke ithandwa kakhulu futhi ebaluleke kakhulu ezemidlalo. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu udumo kungenxa yokuthi umsebenzi asikho isidingo sokuba izimpahla ezibizayo. Ngakho, emazweni aseLatin America, Afrika nase-Asia baye baba umklomelo abawinile in eyala ehlukahlukene kuze kube yilolu suku.

Kuyinto ngenxa ukuthuthukiswa emhlabeni wonke ukuthandwa esikhulu njalo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo inchubekelembili athletics - kuyinto "iNdlovukazi Ezemidlalo" (isihloko okuyinto ethola engxenyeni kwekhulu XX yesibili). Emashumini eminyaka ambalwa nje, kwakungekho ngosuku isihloko angase kukhanselwe. Athletics iqhubeka 'laholela "emhlabeni kwezemidlalo futhi nodumo olukhulu.

Umlando nesenzakalo

Eqinisweni, athletics wayaziwa eside ngaphambi ngezikhwepha yaseGrisi yasendulo, emakhulwini eminyaka BC. e. izizwe zase-Afrika nase-Asia njalo olwenziwa imincintiswano. Kodwa amarekhodi documentary lokuqala, glassware, izibhebhe zobumba, nemidwebo kanye nemidwebo, okhuluma izivivinyo kuqala ukuthi ukuthuthukisa amandla (egijima, njll) Yiqiniso, behlele kithi evela eGreece yasendulo. Kodwa nakhu indida, amaGreki kuchasiselwe zonke ezemidlalo amandla weightlifting, futhi lokhu akukho ngozi, ngoba isando ungawujikijeli noma marathons ibanga ultra-eside neze athletics, ngakho phiko kunalokho ezingafanele. By endleleni, egijima ingenye imincintiswano endala kwabadlali, kwaba umdlalo kuphela Yama-Olympic yokuqala, okuyinto esukela emuva 776 BC. e. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuningi osekushintshile, futhi manje, sibonga uhlelo lokuvuselelwa iMidlalo Yama-Olympic ngo-1896 kuyinto ngokwezinga elikhulu kuveziwe embikweni okhuthaza athletics.

Ukuvela eRussia

ukuthuthukiswa kwezemidlalo okwenzeka emhlabeni wonke, uye ukuzigaxa athletics ithrekhi neRussia. Eyokuqala ukugijima uhlanga wawuba ngasekuqaleni 1888. Lo nyaka kubhekwa ekuqaleni athletics eRussia. Eyokuqala ubuqhawe zonke-Russian owawuse ngo-1908, kusukela kuleso sikhathi ivangeli Athletics Federation of Russia njalo uqhuba imincintiswano kulezi ezemidlalo, owawina okuyinto lo msubathi noma iqembu ukuthi sakwazi ukubonisa Chile best imizamo yokugcina eyala lobuchwepheshe noma imincintiswano. Konke ubuqhawe ezenzeka izigaba eziningana, kwasinda ukugijima, ukuhamba kanye nemicimbi kuhlanganiswe.

Athletics

Athletics - wumdlalo ehlanganisa eziningi ezimpikweni ezahlukene kungenziwa kuphawulwe phakathi kwabo:

• Nxazonke.
• Running (izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nebanga).
• amagobolondo Iphonsa (core, nengcula, isando, disk).
• Yokweqa (kathathu, ukuphakama, kanye esibondeni, ubude).
• Ukuhamba.

Yiqiniso, phakathi kwazo zonke ezemidlalo esesikwenzile ukuthandwa enkulu iyasebenza isiyalo. Lokhu kungenxa ukutholakala kwabo futhi bakhululeke usekelo impilo yabo nomzimba ifomu phezulu, kodwa akusho ukuthi imidlalo yokusubatha - ukuthi ukusebenzisa kuphela. Emhlabeni wonke, ukusabalala kanye nezinye ezemidlalo, kodwa uma zidinga eyengeziwe imishini noma ezemidlalo iyunifomu ke ukusebenzisa udinga kuphela izingubo ukhululekile futhi izicathulo.

yokuzijwayeza

Ezemidlalo nezokuzivocavoca nakho basonta athletics, umehluko kuphela kuphela yokuthi ngowokuqala - a multidisciplinary futhi babonise wona kwenziwe imishini kanye phansi. Kulokhu, zikhona ezemidlalo abesifazane ethize, futhi kukhona abantu. Umncintiswano yokuzijwayeza wenziwa kohlaka Imidlalo yama-Olympic, abantu baseYurophu abathuthela kule Umhlaba Championships, lapho izinhlobo kokubili ngabanye kanye nethimba mncintiswano. Ngakho, umzimba Gymnastic ayingxenye saziso futhi kungenziwa okushiwo ngokuqiniseka ukuthi imidlalo yokusubatha - kuyinto yokuzijwayeza!

athletics Zanamuhla: doping

Uma ubheka impande ukuvela ezemidlalo, kuyothiwa ukubonile ukuthi lokhu akuyona nje ukuhlola amakhono ayo kanye nemiphumela ngcono ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa fair, kanye ngokusebenzisa ezihlukahlukene izidakamizwa, okuyinto kuleli zwe lanamuhla ufana izidakamizwa. Ngisho 40 edlule, odokotela kanye abadlali professional wathi ukuthi imidlalo yokusubatha - umdlalo lapho abantu kwesiqhingi zabo esiphezulu.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi doping kuletha umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni njengoba enjalo, ubhubhisa yonke umqondo ka kuncintisana futhi ukukhomba okungcono. "Inhlupho ezemidlalo yesimanje," njengoba zibizwa kanjalo doping, akunakwenzeka ngaphansi amandla okuqeda ubani. Odokotela ukuziqambela izindlela ezintsha ukugwema izilawuli. Ngisho kukhona bezibona ukuthi umncintiswano wamanje - lokhu akukona emzabalazweni umsubathi odokotela babo, ngoba ngenxa ukwethulwa commerce ku ezemidlalo eza kuqala hhayi siqu impumelelo umsubathi, kanye nenzuzo yayo nenzuzo yokutjala.