Asphalt enamathela: Technology kanye Ukufundiswa

Ababulawa esekelwe bituminous ingxube umgwaqo kubhekwa omunye ezinengilazi nenzuzo kakhulu. Liwusizo, engabizi futhi ngokuvamile kwenza kube lula kudingekile yokusebenza izici. Yiqiniso, ngeke akwenze ngaphandle amaphutha, kodwa zivame ukwenzeka amacala non-ukustaka ubuchwepheshe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kahle ahlelwe asphalt enamathela ihlinzeka sezingeni eliphezulu eziveza amandla futhi kuyaqina. Kulokhu, zikhona izindlela ezahlukene ekuthuthukiseni imigwaqo nakuzingxenyekazi, umehluko okuyinto abangela ukwakheka kwe-ingxube kanye nokupakisha ubuchwepheshe.

Ukwakheka ingxube bituminous

Traditional asphalt ubuchwepheshe inikeza khona kudivayisi engxenyeni eyinhloko amaminerali yamathebhu futhi isibopho. Iqembu lokuqala izinto kuhlanganise isihlabathi futhi amatshe. imfucumfucu Ngakho kungase kufakwe amatshe nesihlabathi esetshenziswa ifomu lonke noma afahlazekile.

Futhi kuye ngokuthi izidingo umgwengwezi nemibandela yokusebenza yayo ingasetshenziswa esihle amaminerali powder. Uphiko organic sokuqanjwa eziyisisekelo ngokuvamile isibopho itiyela. Izici okubangelwa uthola asphalt ukhonkolo, kunqunywa indlela ekwakhekeni ingxube isizinda. Umehluko izindlela ukwakhiwa yesixazululo ngenxa kwemigomo izingxenye esetshenziswa. Ngokwesibonelo, amatshe noma itshe ochotshoziwe kungenziwa kukhethwe nge ucezu kusuka 10 kuya 40 mm. Futhi ibitume kungase kudingeke viscosities ezahlukene nokuminyanisa. Lezi zici nezinye ekugcineni ukunquma izici enamathela.

Iziyalezo ukulethwa compounds kusayithi

Ngokuyinhloko ngehlobo, inombolo kanye nomthamo izimoto ukuthi uyoyifeza ukulethwa. Lokhu kukhetha kuncike umsebenzi walo ivolumu ingxube kanye izinga isitayela esizayo. inqubo yezokuthutha kuhilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa, kuhlanganise enesisindo, kulayishwa impahla ngokushesha athuthelwa ngepayipi iphuzu eyamukelayo. Ukuze nokugcinwa wathatheka, ukuxubana abandayo kanye hot esetshenziswa ukuhlanza umzimba dumper okuyinto imbozwe isisitho selanga waterproof ovikelayo noma kombhede. Izingxube olubunjiwe asphalt ukhonkolo kwakhiwa okuyinto, is uthuthwa okuthiwa Kocher. Le moto nge thermos-labathaki bamafutha, ukuhlinzeka e inqubo kokuthutha kuhlangana bafudumale kokuqanjiwe. Ngokuphathelene zokuthutha sikhathi, endabeni Izingxube ashisayo futhi mastic sincike izici Izingxube kanye nezixazululo imikhawulo abandayo zokuhamba nobude besikhathi cha.

umsebenzi wokwenza amalungiselelo

Lo mcimbi oyinhloko phakathi belungiselela kokuphothula ebeka uqweqwe kudivayisi yakho yokuhlola enamathela. Ubude emapheshana enjalo okungenani 200 m, ububanzi esithathwayo ngokuhambisana kwemigomo ukudlula paver. Ngokusekelwe imiphumela yokuhlolwa ukustaka ubuchwepheshe ukunquma ofanele kakhulu iresiphi ingxube, futhi uma kudingeka, kwenze izinguquko inqubo ukubekwa kanye compaction yayo ubuchwepheshe.

Test asphalt ukhonkolo lwahlolwa ukuze izici ezifana lokushisa, izinga base seal isimo t. D. Ukuze benze kanjalo ubuchwepheshe control. Ikakhulukazi, izindlela ze-non-obhubhisayo core amasampula flash-ukuthatha, okuyinto okwengeziwe ziphenywe kwezimo zelabhorathri. Ngesisekelo lesi siphetho bocwepheshe aluleka umenzi. Uma kudingeka, ingxube is zazivumelanisa nezimo ezithile ukusebenza enamathela.

Technique ingxube ukusatshalaliswa

Ngaphambi ukusatshalaliswa kwenqwaba yemilayezo plate siphelile isethwe ku emaphethelweni paver wabeka ugodo ngaphambi, ukuphakama okuhambelana ukushuba we ungqimba wanelisekile. Ukuvimbela ekusakazekeni kwezindaba ingxube, usebenzisa noma ngokuhambisa formwork uhlobo - ke kumele ngaphezu paver. Uma idivaysi enjalo ingekho, ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kuqale lokusabalalisa isiqondiso longitudinal kudingekile ukulungisa wayibhinca metal azungeze 20 m ubude. I ukushuba we isithiyo akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-ukuphakama enamathela kwakhiwa. By the way, ukushuba of asphalt enamathela emabangeni isilinganiso kusukela 5 kuya ku-10 cm. Njengoba libhala metal uyenzele bahlanza ukubeka titibonelo letinkhulu tekuvumelana mass. Ngokuqondene nobubanzi, ngokuvamile kwenziwa nge ukusatshalaliswa ingxube ukumboza wonke endleleni.

Uma ngesisekelo ukusatshalaliswa ku izici ebusweni kutholwa, kumele kusetshenzwe ngesandla. Umkhuba usebenzisa compactors ezivumela iphuzu-ukulungisa ezivuzayo abavuzayo, uhlevane nezinye ukungapheleli. Ngokuvamile, ukukhubazeka akhiwa phezu izingxenye abutment band ukuze isici abutment - ibha efanayo metal. Eceleni backfilled ne amatshe olwembiza. Lezi izingqimba asphalt enamathela akhiwa ingxube nombala ngobuningi ngokushesha ngemva nokusabalalisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto particulate is lalihlehliswa e base enamathela roller lula.

uphawu ubuchwepheshe

inqubo uphawu kufanele ugijime parallel distributor asphalt owabayo ingxube. Titibonelo letinkhulu tekuvumelana roller iphelela ngokuqhubekayo ukuxhumanisa. e gladkovaltsovaya lingase lisetshenziswe futhi kuhlanganiswe womoya-amabhasi. Amandla kanye kokucindezelwa umthwalo ashisayo nabandayo asphalt izingqimba kwesakhiwo ebalelwa izibonisi eziningana. Ikakhulukazi, inqubo uyakucabangela izici density futhi izinga lokushisa kwe-mass.

Iinsetjenziswa asphalt enamathela yesigayegaye ingxube hot ekhiqizwa ngezimpawu 0.99 Coefficient. Cool ingxube ukuphetha isici umthwalo 0,96. elihlangana Cross imigqa embondelene uhlele perpendicular eksisi komgwaqo e band olulodwa ngaphandle kokushiya Amashalofu okubeka. Ukuze afeze lokhu isimo ngaphambi kokuphela strip ahlelwe zigundiwe ithuluzi ekhethekile ne disc idayimane.

Ukulungisa i-asphalt ukhonkolo umgandayo Umhlahlandlela

Ngaphambi empeleni ngokufeza imisebenzi ukulungisa okwenziwa Ukusabalala inhlolovo. Kuze kube yimanje, ebusweni is bahlanza ngosizo emabhulashini umgwaqo ke amathuluzi geodesic zisetshenziswa ukuhlola evenness umgwengwezi. Kuye ubunjalo ukukhubazeka ezikhonjwe, imisebenzi yokulungisa efanele. Ukuze kuqhutshekwe ukuqinisekisa evenness zezendlalelo ephawulwe esebenzisa yokubeka isikhala iziphunzi. A bar ezingeni isetshenziswa enamathela ezidlulanayo. Beka in the wayibhinca, lapho ukwehla ukujiya wabonisa, zithathwa njengeziNdawo ezingamaGugu esizayo transverse ngombala umugqa. Futhi, i-asphalt egandayiwe ukulungisa anganikeza operation umthamo izingqimba. Ngokuvamile, le micimbi zisetshenziswa idivayisi enamathela, ukubiyela imithombo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ifaka ekhethekile futhi wasisekela izingxenye ukhonkolo ingasetshenziswa.

isaziso ukuphepha

Ngisho ngaphambi kokuqaliswa umsebenzi target ingxenye kufanele ivikeleke nge izimpawu zomgwaqo ezifanele. Ukusebenza kuma-site abantu kufanele ibe ama-ovaloli, izinkambiso aqine. Ebusuku, endaweni kufanele futhi zinikezwa kukhanyisa izibani zikhanyise. izinyathelo ezithile zokuphepha kunikeziwe ekwelapheni izixazululo izinqubo. Ngakho, lapho athula yenethiwekhi nenye abantu abavunyelwe phakathi imoto kanye hopper indwangu. Ngokuhamba ukubeka titibonelo letinkhulu tekuvumelana asphalt imigwaqo lokunameka kumelwe abe umuntu okungekho lezinto angaphandle futhi abasebenzi. Ngemva kokuphothulwa imisebenzi yokusungula sonke, imishini nezinto kumelwe asuswe enamathela futhi zilethwe ezifanele indawo yesitoreji.

Ukulawula ikhwalithi enamathela

Kuhlola izinga ikhava ahlelwe senziwa ngosizo amathuluzi akhethekile. Ikakhulukazi, ukusebenzisa ulinganiswe amathuluzi ezenzakalelayo for wokulinganisa, kanye nemishini ekhethekile evumela data-enophephela isibonisi ihlanganiswe okukhiphayo. Phakathi izici ezivamile, okulinganiselwa ngesisekelo "umsebenzi" asphalt ezinengilazi, kukhona ukuhambisana nomklamo imingcele e ukujiya kanye ububanzi, izingqimba flatness, gradients, lokushisa kanye nekhwalithi ezivuzayo phakathi emapheshana.

isiphetho

Isebenza ku-laying-asphalt kukhona iqoqo enama. Ngakho okumqoka kusukela umbono ukwakha eliphezulu umgwaqo ebusweni abe kokuqala izibalo layout design. Ngisho ne kubekwa ukuphenya ngenkuthalo nokuhlola uphawu enamathela akakwazi ukufeza umsebenzi wabo uma ingxube okungafanele sikhethwe. Nakuba eziyisisekelo ubuchwepheshe asphalt enamathela kuhilela ukusetshenziswa isethi esezingeni izingxenye wokulungiselela isixazululo ukufakwa, imingcele yabo zingahluka. Ngakho-ke ebeka wayekwenza Isivivinyo Izingxube ukuthi ahlinzeke ukuqonda okwengeziwe izici nenzuzo kakhulu umgwengwezi for isayithi ethile. Futhi okunye obhekene izinga komgwaqo ethimbeni yokusebenza owabayo futhi licindezele mass asphalt ukhonkolo sihamba ngqo.