Armenia Garni (ithempeli). I-Republic of Armenia ezikhangayo

I-Republic of Armenia futhi ezikhangayo okuyinto efinyelela ezinkulungwaneni, yimpendulo obucacile - "Izwe Museum". Kulesi ezweni impucuko kanye elichumayo lasendulo ukuthi ushiye emathempelini amaqaba. Kodwa amasayithi abaningi abangamaKristu ongcwele e-Armenia. Ojikelezayo ezweni lonke ingafaniswa pilgrimage - kukhona zezindela eziningi kangaka futhi amasonto nge isithonjana ngokuyisimangaliso.

Inhloko-dolobha ye-Armenia - Yerevan. Lena indawo yedolobha lasendulo kakhulu. Kodwa ngaphandle State awacatshangwa ezindaweni ezithakazelisayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba afihle ubuhle bemvelo Armenia. South eCaucasus nge iNtaba i-Ararati (lapho, ngokusho legend, lawela khona ngemva kwakaKukhulamungu, Umkhumbi KaNowa), Lake Sevan, le ensungubezini ka Garni - lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele ezikhangayo. Bonke baye izivakashi ezivela emazweni ahlukahlukene. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela mayelana izinto, okuyinto kufanele uyaziqhenya Armenia - Garni.

canyon

Nge lelo gama kuleli zwe, kukhona izinto eziningana. Okokuqala, Garni emzaneni. Kuyinto ukusuka Yerevan amabili nesishiyagalombili kuphela. Lokhu ukusondela ukuba inhloko-dolobha kwenza kube ezivakashelwa kakhulu izivakashi izindawo. Kutholwe edolobhaneni Kotayk esifundeni (Armenia). Garni - futhi ensungubezini ezansi yiwo ogelezela emfuleni Azat. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi kukhona amakholomu five- futhi olunezinhlangothi okusezingeni eliphezulu. I ensungubezini idume amathempeli akhona amabili. Abenzi lutho bahlobene akuyona inkolo eyodwa noma ukuhlelwa kwezenzakalo.

Omunye wabo - yasendulo ithempeli lamaqaba. Wabuye iqanjwe Garni. Eyesibili ithempeli - yobuKristu. Ibizwa ngokuthi Geghard. Njengoba kokubili izakhiwo sacral zitholakala eduze komunye nomunye, zingase wavakashela e uhlelo uhambo. Enye plus - khona eduze kwemihosha yokudlela. Njengomthetho, ukuhamba ejensi, ukudla ngezinti emathempelini zezivakashi ukwenza isitobhi lapha ukuze kulungiselelwe ukudla kwasemini. Ngaphezu sokudla okwehla esiphundu cuisine Armenia, lapha ungakwazi ukujabulela Folk songs nangemidanso eyenziwa amaqembu professional.

Garni ithempeli lamaqaba: umlando

Armenia bamukela ubuKristu bokuqala kakhulu - Kwaze kwaba sekhulwini lesithathu. Kodwa kuleli zwe, Okwasimangaza kwakulokhu ithempeli lamaqaba. It sanikezelwa Mithras - unkulunkulu welanga. Kusukela nokubhujiswa kwethempeli esindiswa yokuthi kuba usendaweni ekahle. Ithempeli aqiniswa ekuseni lasendulo (Hellenic) inkathi. It wasetshenziselwa njengoba inqaba Ephakathi kuze komhlaba 1679 akababhubhisanga izindonga anamandla. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, enqabeni wabuyiselwa futhi yaphenduka Museum.

Ngokusho ibhodi nge ezatholakala Garni, phambi kwethempeli Mithras kwase inqaba. Inkosi yakwa-URARTU Argishti (lowo eyakhelwe enqabeni Erebuni Yerevan esizayo) iwine ke engxenyeni yokuqala ka lesishiyagalombili leminyaka BC. Ithempeli ka Garni esakhiwe yinkosi Armenia Trdat kuqala 76 AD. ukhona uTacitus ukhuluma. Lapho ukwakha ithempeli kuphela ayisekho ukukhonza inhloso yazo, kuba, ngokungafani amathempeli amaningi yamaqaba asibhubhi noma ashintshwa aba ibandla lamaKristu. Build umane lithathwa izinqaba. amakhosi Armenia benza Garni eyithinta ehlobo ngezizathu sezulu nomusa ensungubezini kanye inaccessibility lendawo. Phakathi nezinkulungwane zeminyaka edlule inqaba bavikela izakhamuzi zakhona kusukela ayehlasela izitha.

Izici indawo inqaba Garni

Nethempeli Mithras obusa sezwe. Itholakala ku ensungubezini ka Garni e-Armenia, lapho umfula Azat kwenza ube esejika yakha izimpawulo esingunxantathu. Kuleli ephakanyiswe platform nethempeli lamiswao. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi izindonga emaweni we ensungubezini kukhona ukuvikelwa ephumelela kunazo zonke izakhiwo. nemithambeka Amazing kwalesi Ukukhangwa okungokwemvelo, okuyinto ibukeke babe ngumsebenzi wezandla zomuntu nezibhebhe eziyisithupha, ngokuthi abaholela Armenia "Symphony of Stones".

Lapho isitha abazoba babekwazi ukusondela inqaba, kwathiwa wakha udonga ungenakunqotshwa nezingalo eziyishumi nane imibhoshongo ukuzivikela. Akha Ukuboshelwa. Lapho isitha kwakuyinto elula ukuze uthole eduze izindonga, imibhoshongo esilinganayo amamitha ayishumi, futhi lapho kunzima - at 25-30 m Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ikampu yayinkulu ngobukhulu, ukuze uthole ngaphakathi enqabeni kungaba kuphela ngesango elincane elilodwa. ububanzi esangweni ngenqola eyodwa.

Garni inqaba

esondela nje lenqaba, bebona njengoba "izimpukane" phezu ezungezile, ehlaselwa ikhono abadwebi bamapulani ephakathi. elishaqisayo nakakhulu kufika lapho uya enqabeni eduze. imibhoshongo yalo futhi izindonga esakhiwe kusukela amabhlogo enkulu ngokushelela aqoshiwe basalt okwesibhakabhaka. Amabhulokhi awazange abethela isixazululo kanye ukudla kuphela exhunywe ezinkulu futhi zigcwele phambili. I ukushuba we izindonga nqaba amamitha engaphezu kwemibili! Along azungezwe ukuqinisa elula ngoba amamitha amathathu namashumi nane futhi. Lokhu izivikelo kukhuphuke zazibangelwa isimo eliphezulu enqabeni, eyasebenza njengodonga kuyo ehlobo amakhosi, kanye nokuhlasela njalo, ngaleso sikhathi yabekwa Armenia. Garni ngesibindi kwawona zonke izimangalo yezitha.

Ithempeli lika-Mithras

Lesi sakhiwo lasendulo yakhiwa kuleli isitayela amaGreki. Ithempeli Gurnee isakhiwo esincane unxande ezungezwe ngaphandle emphemeni. Phakathi isakhiwo kukhona ehholo nginombono kuvulandi lapho Christian inkathi statue Mithras. Ethempelini kukhona Umpheme encane, umnyango okuyinto ngokucebile ornamented. Ukuze anyukele izinyathelo olungaphambili lwesonto ezibanzi, ukuphakama kwalelo nalelo wabo - ngamasentimitha amathathu. Lokhu ephakeme yethempeli ulunika solemnity kanye nobuhle. Njengoba izinto ezincane Decor, ukuphambuka ezimangazayo izimiso umhlobiso yamaGreki zezakhiwo engcwele. Kanye Atlanteans phezu imifanekiso ye pylons namaqabunga acanthus, i-buzz amakholomu, owethulwa Motifs kazwelonke: izimbali, amagilebhisi, amahlamvu hazel, namahalananda.

zesigodlo

Lolu hlelo lubandakanya hambo ithempeli lika Garni akuyona ucezu kuphela. Phela, eduze izakhiwo ezingcwele nezinye zokungcebeleka ngokulinganayo ezithakazelisayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lisuke emnyango enqabeni kuyinto esigodlweni, noma kunalokho, ukuthi bashiya. On umzila we upende obomvu pink ezindongeni kungaba uzakhela yobukhazikhazi izindlu zasebukhosini. Ngesikhathi eweni kuyinto ihholo elikhulu. izakhiwo eduze, eyasebenza njengodonga emabhalekisini ikampu nezindlu zezinceku odongeni enyakatho le nqaba. Kwakukhona lasendulo zesigodlo nokugeza. lezi zokugeza ezakhiwa kungakapheli ngekhulu lesithathu leminyaka, futhi lalinabashumayeli amagumbi amahlanu. Esitezi alawo machibi walondoloza KaMose wasendulo.

Gegard

Lena - omunye zezindela edume kakhulu e-Republic of Armenia. Garni futhi Geghard kukhona impela ekubeni nomunye. Ngakho-ke, izivakashi, ukuyovakashela ethempelini lasendulo, bese uvakashele sezindela yobuKristu. Okukhulu kakhulu ngamabomu ezithathwe ngaphansi kohlelo olubizwa ngokuthi i-UNESCO. Kuvele ekuqaleni ukwamukelwa kobuKristu e-Armenia. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngo-301, kwaba eziningi emigedeni, eqoshwe edwaleni ngaphansi cell, okuyinto lalihlala Hermits. Kukholakala ukuthi Isigodlo wahlala futhi uGregory le lwenkanyiso. Ekuqaleni nantathu itshe ekhulwini ibandla elakhiwa phezu kwalo ku Mkhargrdzeli Izikhulu izimali lapha. Kodwa ngemva kwekhulu ikota edwaleni Ngaphanga amanye amabandla amathathu kwakuqoshwe ngaye. Isigodlo loke nje lidume ngokuthunga emathuneni izikhulu.

I-Republic of Armenia ezikhangayo

Garni futhi Gegard - hhayi indawo kuphela kuleli zwe of interest izivakashi. ezikhangayo abaningi Armenia tibheke enhloko-dolobha yalo. Yerevan kufanele ubone Grand Cascade, Blue Mosque, Erebuni Fortress. Ukuya edolobheni elincane Areni, uzokhokhiswa bavuzwa ngokuboniswa yokunambitha the best iwayini Armenia. Kukhona amathempeli amaningi asendulo nemicikilisho zezindela. Kunconywe ukuvakashela - Noravank, Haghpat, Gegardavank, Tatev, Sevan futhi Khor Virap.