Aquarium inhlanzi discus. Discus Fish: incazelo, izithombe, kanye nemibandela yeziboshwa

Phakathi izakhamuzi ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba aquarium ezinemibala egqamile futhi ukuma okungavamile imele discus - izinhlanzi omkhaya cichlid. Akuve olindele ukuba izimo yeziboshwa kanye izidalwa kwendle. Nokho, uma wazi kanjani kahle ukubanakekela, ukuzalaniswa kwamahhashi discus amandla ngisho aquarist saqala.

incazelo

inhlanzi umzimba uyisiyingi, kakhulu isicaba singatsheki, abangela iyakhumbula disc. Ngenxa yalokhu-ke lethiwa. On umzimba kahle amaphiko ovelele eside. Inhloko incane, ne ovelele anamehlo abomvana. Ubukhulu senhlobo izinhlanzi kusuka 15 kuya 20 cm. Umbala ahlukahlukene ngempela. Okuvame kakhulu obomvu discus - inhlanzi, isithombe okuyinto ibekwa ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko. On ngemuva main ukubonwa wahlela kanye imizila mihlobiso okwesibhakabhaka, ngokushelela odlulayo ukuba amaphiko. Ezinhlangothini kukhona imivimbo mpo. Umbala enjalo mottled kusiza cichlids ukufihla ezilwaneni eziyingozi ngokucasha kwezimila. Esinemthombo senhlanzi uyakwazi ukushintsha, kuncike esimweni saso. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ube ngukwethuka ngemuva eqinile jikelele isiqu iba Pinkish-grey, futhi Strip cishe zinyamalale ngokuphelele. Ubude bempilo aquarium ngokunakekela okuhle ongafinyelela iminyaka engu-15.

Habitat ngokwemvelo

Discus - izinhlanzi ukuthi ngokwemvelo kwenzeka ikakhulukazi e-Amazon. Catching izilwane zasendle abathintekayo eBrazil, Peru neColombia. Ukhetha izinhlanzi medlennotekuschie amanzi ezithambile noma ene-asidi, lapho kungekho ingozi nezilwanyana ezincane. Ngokuvamile imihlambi discus kuthiwa zanqwabelana ehlathini ugu, ecashele izimpande izilwane ezidla ezinye podmytuyu kwemithi sezihlahla. A izinga lokushisa lamanzi efanelekayo wabo 26-31 ⁰S nakuba emanzini angajulile, futhi ingafinyelela 35 ⁰S. Cichlid akhethiwe ikakhulukazi amadamu noma ugcwele isihlabathi amahlamvu ezindala phansi.

zinhlobo ukwehluka

Esikhathini 90 ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka, abalimi ahoxiswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene hybrid umzuzile phakathi aquarists kakhulu ethandwa ezingaphezu kuka zemvelo. Ukumelana wabo obuthakathaka ezifweni nezimfuno ephakeme ekunakekelweni abangu kulinganiswe ezinemibala egqamile ngokungavamile futhi emuhle.

Namuhla ukuhlukanisa amaqembu ezinkulu 5, ezihlanganisa ezemvelo kanye eyayenziwe etholakala uhlobo lwe discus (inhlanzi). Incazelo ngasinye simi ngale ndlela:

1. Red - bhá ngakhoke zinhlobo ngobuningi. Iphethini main kungaba yisiphi umthunzi - cherry, osawolintshi, obomvu, njll Ukuze alondoloze umbala Fish kudingeka okuphakelayo ekhethekile equkethe izithasiselo ekhethekile ...
2. Turquoise. Lona umbala eyinhloko umzimba discus. Kuyinto ngokucacile ukuthi iphethini libonakale izindawo nemidwa. Lolu hlobo kuvamile kakhulu abathandi Russian izilwane aquarium, t. Ukuze. Uvele ezweni lethu 70s.
3. Cobalt. Lubekezelela ezinye zifana kuya oluluhlaza, kodwa esikhundleni luhlaza cwe obusa blue ezijulile. It ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo imivimbo shiny emzimbeni futhi amaphiko.
4. Blue. Kubhekwe ukuba ngomunye amalungu elikhulu uhlobo lwe. Isizinda esiyinhloko umbala ophuzi kanye pink nge umphumela uthuli.
5. Golden discus - izithombe izinhlanzi okungase kubhekwe ngezansi. It has izindleko kunazo zonke okungenhla. I kancane sombala izindawo, isifanekiso ligugu.

Ngalinye izinhlobonhlobo abizwa discus (inhlanzi nge umbala ethile yomzimba) kunezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene.

izimo yeziboshwa

Ngenxa yalezi Ubukhulu kunalokho enkulu futhi cichlid ukuthi ngokuvamile ikoloni amaqembu abo okufanele akhethwe aquarium umthamo - umthamo ubuncane 250 amalitha. Kufanele kube ehlukile, t. Ukuze. I-discus uchayeke kakhulu yizifo ezibhubhisayo yibaphi abanye izinhlanzi ayinangozi ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banayo nezimfuneko ezithile ukuze ithole amanzi. lokushisa yayo kumele ibe phakathi 28-33 ⁰S. Too nozwelo izinga lokuhlanzeka kwamanzi discus. Okuqukethwe zithole ukuthi ezinye izinhlanzi undesirably, t. K. A ephilayo ukhululekile ngoba ukubaluleka ubumsulwa babo okukhulu. Kubalulekile futhi ukuba silondoloze ukuzinza pH ngesikhathi 5.0-6.0. Noma yiziphi izinguquko okungazelelwe asidi kungaba sina ukulimaza impilo izinhlanzi.

Khona kanye ngesonto ukwenza esikhundleni kwesigamu umthamo wamanzi e aquarium. Imfuneko ukufaka isihlungi ezinhle. Indlela ephumelelayo umshini ohlanza amanzi -ozonirovanie, kodwa kuphela ezandleni aquarists abanolwazi, t. Ukuze. Inani ngokweqile we-ozone kuzoholela kokufa discus. Kuphephile ukusebenzisa oku-ultraviolet. Ngaphambi you zijwayeza izinhlanzi ethangini, owawuke esetshenziswa, kumele kahle wageza futhi disinfected.

Ukungabi zenhlabathi kuyabongeka lokho, kodwa elingenalutho kanye ezingenalutho aquarium discus ayibukeki kangako. A ohluke bathenga, ngisho noma nje uthele phansi amatshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlabathi itshalwe nge izitshalo emanzini e kuyasiza silondoloze ukulinganisela yemvelo. Into esemqoka iwukuthi nakuba aquarium akuyona lwangena amagciwane. Ngezikhathi ukuhlanza umhlabathi anqwabelene imikhiqizo imfucuza izinhlanzi.

Ukuze olwenzeka endaweni yemvelo discus okukhanyisa elikhanyayo kuyinto engavamile, ngakho akudingeki-ke, futhi uma okuqukethwe ekhaya. Nakuba izinhlanzi elikhanyayo ukukhanya ubukeka siyamangalisa.

Imifino e aquarium

izinga lokushisa lamanzi High edingekayo ukuze kugcinwe lolu hlobo cichlids, futhi izibani dim ukudala ezinye izinkinga zezinto zimbali ezikhula. kuphela labo wabo ngakho kufanele ukhethe ukuthi ubani uzokwazi ukumelana nezimo ezinjalo. Ngokuyisisekelo otshalayo ezifana esethulweni, Vallisneria, anubias, didiplis, Echinodorus. Futhi ukwenza njenge izihlungi yemvelo futhi akusho zithikameze ukunyakaza zezinhlanzi.

yokudla

Lezi cichlids abasakwazi finicky nokudla. Discus - ezidla inyama, cishe isigamu ekudleni nsuku kufanele kube amaprotheni. Ukuze wenze lokhu ngesisekelo a yenkomo yenkomo inhliziyo ekhethekile okuphekiwe, unezela inyama nezimfanzi, izinhlanzi fillet, sembabazane oluhlaza, imifino ehlukahlukene namavithamini. Ezinye aquarists zisebenzisa kokudla kwezilwane ngesimo a inundu Tubifex. Njengoba ngokuqapha ukudla, t. K. It is ekhishwe, ngokuvamile emanzini enobuthi futhi kungaholela ekutholeni ubuthi noma zibangele noma iyiphi isifo esiyingozi. Ngaphambi kokunikeza ukudla okunjalo, ummeli wakhe izinsuku okungenani 5. Discus - inhlanzi yokudla okuveza 2-3 izikhathi ngosuku, ekususeni yonke iminonjana imizuzu 10, ngakho musa konakalisa amanzi.

Ungasebenzisa futhi ezikhethekile okuphakelayo ezimbonini. Accustom kancane kancane. Okokuqala, ukudla eyomile okuncane yengezwe nepepper yenkomo inhliziyo, okwandisa umthamo usuku ngalunye. habituation isikhathi ithatha cishe 2 amaviki.

funa Special ezomile izinhlanzi ukudla "Tetra discus" ebhakedeni okuyinto (10 amalitha) angathengwa ayizinkulungwane 3.5. ruble, futhi liyohlala isikhathi eside. ukudla ngomumo eyenziwe has a Ukwakheka olinganiselayo iqukethe lemali edingekayo amavithamini namaminerali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwandisa ukumelana isifo futhi kuthuthukisa umbala izinhlanzi. Ezansi okuphakelayo aquarium uwela kancane, ngakho-discus kalula akudle.

ukuhambisana

Lokhu uhlobo cichlid, naphezu ubukhulu esikhulu, ethulile futhi onesimo elinokuthula. Noma kunjalo, gcinani discus nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi is hhayi Kunconywa. Esinye sezizathu - kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi aphakeme, hhayi bonke abakhileyo aquarium bayakwazi ukumelana naso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ingozi engathi sína ukungenwa amagciwane, kanye nomakhelwane. Noma yimuphi omunye izakhamuzi elahleka futhi babe cishe ezingabonakali ngokumelene isizinda imibala egqamile, okuyinto zingafani discus. Ukuhambelana nezinye izinhlanzi ziye ezinhle, kuphela nje uma eqaphela ezifanayo kancane futhi akesabi lokushisa eliphezulu. Lezi zimfuneko ziyavumelana armored eyikati (Corydoras). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubhubhisa izinsalela zokudla, okubangela amanzi aquarium ihlala ihlanzekile eside.

ubulili umehluko

Ukuhlukanisa insikazi kungenzeka angamaduna amaphiko geometry. Ukuze abesifazane, uma uqhubeka umugqa ngengqondo ngokuqondile kusukela onqenqemeni anal kanye amaphiko amaphiko, bewela ngaphansi komsila. Iduna okungukuthi, kakhulu, umthinta elincinyane ngakho. Amaduna amakhulu, abe ezicijile ngaphezulu amaphiko fin. Ehlukile indawo zangasese yangaphandle - insikazi ngokucacile ovipozitor ebonakalayo ezibanzi oyindilinga ingashintshwa ukuhlukanisa amaqanda.

zizalela

Discus ukufinyelela izinga lokuzala eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni 1.5-2, futhi zikhwelwe Uthatha 2 kuya ku-3 iminyaka. Uma kwencazelo izinkinga iduna nensikazi, lo dilution sithole izinhlanzi ezimbalwa. Lapho kuba sobala ukuthi bobabili akhiwa pair of okuqinile, bona zidluliselwa ibe zidala ahlukene amalitha hhayi ngaphansi kuka-100. Gilazi ibekwe Driftwood, amabhodwe zobumba, amatshe amakhulu, iyiphi enye imihlobiso. Igumbi ukukhanyisa kufanele kube ongaphakeme. Fish kufanele bavikeleke ukucindezeleka, ngakho amanzi lishintshwa njalo Nokho, kodwa ngokukhulu ukucophelela. lokushisa yayo inakekelwa ngaphakathi 28-30 ⁰S. Lokubaluleke kakhulu kuyinto nobulukhuni amanzi. Uma kuphezulu, ke amaqanda elivundisiwe kungaba yinkinga. rigidity Optimum - hhayi ningi than 3 degrees.

Zidala iqala ntambama. Esiginali nalokho kuyinto yokuhlanza substrate anikine amaphiko izinhlanzi. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda 200 kuya 400 okuyinto avundiswa ngu wesilisa. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni 3-4 izinsuku. Ngisho ngokusebenzisa inombolo efanayo gazinga uqale ukubhukuda. Kubalulekile kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi ukwenza izinguquko amanzi nsuku zonke cishe ingxenye yesine kwabaneminyaka ivolumu. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila, ukudla esiyinhloko gazinga Uyi Isici esikhethekile kubazali isikhumba. Lapho kabasebabili kuhlala inhlanzi ke ukubhukuda omunye. Ngemva 2 amaviki abazali is imali emuva ku aquarium.

Ukondla gazinga

Ngezinye izikhathi abe nokuningi kakhulu, futhi ke abazali bengakwazi ukondla zonke nenzalo. Kwenzeka ukuthi ukukhululwa izakhi phezu bamhlophe lingekho ngokuphelele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuze ugcine gazinga, kufanele uzinike okuphakelayo yokufakelwa. Amanzi kusukela powder zidala Iqanda is wayixova, wenza amaqebelengwane mncane. uvalwe yabo yayicindezele odongeni aquarium, ukuze ngalinye kancane aphumele ngaphezu kwamanzi. Lapho gazinga wenziwa izinsuku 5-6, bangakwazi bondliwe brine nezimfanzi. Ngemva kwalokho usebenzise noma iyiphi usayizi ofanele eliphezulu okuphakelayo.

isifo discus

Isizathu esiyinhloko ukubukeka kwabo - okuqukethwe engalungile. Ngokunakekela ezinhle, lapho ukunakwa ikhokhelwa izinga lamanzi, ukukhanya, amandla, ukucindezeleka (adala izifo eziningi) kuthiwa cishe iqedwe. Discus - inhlanzi aquarium, okuyinto kakhulu sensitive ngisho izinguquko ezincane zithobekile. Izinkinga main nazo:

• isifo wamathumbu. Isizathu kungaba okuphakelayo yekhwalithi ephansi noma umakhelwane ogulayo. Fish babe ucobekile, uyenqaba ukudla. Indle like izindikimba emhlophe. Ekhanda, amaphiko zibukeka iqhubeka izilonda. Kuvele ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe Kumiswa kuphela izindlela laboratory.
• isimiso emathunjini, isifo sokuvuvuka. Vuka ngenxa ukungondleki. Inhlanzi inflates esiswini may exophthalmia. Esikhathini sokuqala icala Diskus okuphakelayo kuthatha isikhathi eside kuze emathunjini ekuqhumeni, ngemva kwalokho uyafa. Hydrops libhekene ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo isifiso sokudla.
• Isifo esibangelwa amagciwane. Izimpawu zesifo ngeke zinganakwa - mhlophe emaphethelweni amaphiko, sikhula lwamafinyila, umbala isiqu iba mnyama. Fish ilahlekelwa esesuthi ayisa ekhoneni. Uma ungathathi isikhathi ukuhlenga izinyathelo kancane kancane amehlo akhe ukhule turbid, siqale ukubola amaphiko kanye nomsila. It iphathwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane.
• izifo ezidlayo kanye nezifo fungal - evame kakhulu discus.
• Gill nesikhumba izimpethu, flukes kungaholela isimo izinhlanzi esinzulu. Kule mpi nabo ekusizeni kwezimali ezikhethekile ukuthi zidayisa isilwane ezitolo.

zokuvimbela

Discus kunzima ukuba aphathe, kulula kakhulu ukugwema lesi sifo. Lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma ngokwehluleka komfakisicelo ukuhlangabezana nezimiso behlaliswa the ezifuywayo aquarium. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ukuqapha ngokucophelela lapho zibona ukuhlanzeka nokuhleleka lokushisa kwamanzi, ukujabulela ukudla izinga. Kuyadingeka ukuba kuqedwe ingress ukutheleleka Amagciwane e aquarium. Discus - inhlanzi, okuyinto kuyahambisana nezinye izakhamuzi kudingeka kucatshangelwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukucindezeleka, okuyinto imbangela yezifo eziningi.