Amebiasis emathunjini (uhudo amebic): Izimbangela, Izimpawu, Sifo Nokuselapha

amoebiasis emathunjini - isifo ovamile emazweni kwendle. Sibangelwa lenyama yisinanakazana eziphilayo - the amoeba. Ubani okungenzeka ukuthi batheleleke nge amebiasis? Kanjani ifomu emathunjini lesi sifo, futhi ke ziphathwe kanjani? Lolu lwazi ingaba wusizo for abantu bathatha uhambo noma uhambo olude.

Ezinye izibalo

Amathuba eliphakeme bokuthola amebiasis emathunjini luvame ezindaweni lapho izinga eliphezulu lokukhucululwa kwendle, kusukela ukutheleleka kuyinto umzila temlomo-faecal. Ngo ingozi emazweni zone ezishisayo nakwezifudumele kunomswakama. Ngokuvamile lezi zihambi ukuletha amebiasis emathunjini yeNdiya futhi eMexico. Kula mazwe, izinga eliphezulu kakhulu isifo phakathi kwabantu bendawo. Futhi, ingxenye enkulu yokugula kwabantu e-Afrika naseNingizimu Asia. Kwezinye izindawo nedugoi wamshaya kusuka 50 kuya 80% wesibalo sabantu. Ngakho, uya emazweni akude, kuyasiza ukwazi konke mayelana amebiasis - kuyini nokuthi yini eyolanda ukutheleleka kwasekuqaleni.

Ill nge amebiasis emathunjini kungenzeka hhayi nje kuphela emazweni angavamile. Hhayi konke kwahamba kahle futhi izwe elaliyiSoviet Union ngaphambili. Ukusabalala amoebiasis Yiqiniso, azikho eqinile ngakho. Waphawula e-Armenia, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan futhi Turkmenistan.

Okuxakayo ukuthi amadoda uhlushwa amebiasis emathunjini kakhulu ukudlula abantu besifazane. Kwatholakala ukuthi ezifweni engokwemvelo wenze umzimba womuntu wakwazi KWAMAGUNDANE amoebic kuphezulu. Ngokwezibalo, amebiasis emathunjini ezitholakele yesinye isiguli kweziyishumi, wacosha amagciwane. Idatha enyatheliswa yi-World Health Organization zibonisa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-480 kwezigidi ezingu emhlabeni abathwali amoeba. Minyaka yonke ngokusemthethweni eqondiswa amacala amebiasis emathunjini nezinye izinhlobo ezingu-50. Kulawa, 2% amacala ziyabulala.

I amoeba - agent causative of amebiasis emathunjini

Njengoba kusobala imbangela sifo Ameba dysenteric. Lubhalwe ngesiLatini, futhi igama lenyama yisinanakazana kuzwakala Entamoeba histolytica. zenyathi Dysenteric amoebas ezincane kuno abavamile amoeba (amoeba Proteus). Bavame kakhulu mobile, pseudopodia yabo (pseudopodia) mancane, kodwa abaningi. I yangaphandle cell ungqimba cytoplasm delimited yi endoplasm kwangaphakathi.

Ukuguquguquka kwempilo a Ameba dysenteric kuhilela izinhlobo ezintathu: indwangu, luminal futhi izinhlumba. ifomu Tissue kutholwa kuphela ezigulini athuthukile amebiasis. It infests le mucosal futhi submucosal zamatshe odongeni colonic. ifomu Luminal futhi izinhlumba bachazwa futhi abathwali, futhi iziguli. Habitat amafomu vegetative uhudo amoeba - phezulu emathunjini ezinkulu. Ziyakwazi esigabeni main emjikelezweni wokuphila kwe-Ameba dysenteric.

Njengoba ukutheleleka idluliselwa

amoebiasis emathunjini sisuka kumuntu nomuntu. Ukusabalalisa wayevele ukutheleleka upokisi, futhi okwamanje kubhekwe ukuba isifo enempilo, kodwa othwala izinhlumba. Odokotela bakholwe amebiasis emathunjini bese giardiasis, kanye nezinye izifo emathunjini, isifo yezandla ezingcolile.

Transmission senzeka ngendlela elandelayo:

1. I izinhlumba yenethiwekhi, angayinaki imithetho inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu inike wabayisa angcolile inhlabathi noma emizimbeni evulekile yamanzi (Ukukhululwa kwenzeka nge indle). Amanzi uthola kuya izingadi futhi ithelela imifino nezithelo. Umuntu enempilo odla izinhlumba izithelo ezingahlanjiwe nemifino.
2. simila yenethiwekhi awuhlanzi izandla ngensipho ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Izinhlumba zidluliselwa noma yiziphi izinto eziyizidingo, ezihlanganisa ukudla, lapho wathinta ngezandla ezingcolile. Abaphilileyo ngaphandle kugeza izandla ngaphambi yokudla, ukugwinya izinhlumba, futhi lisabalaliswe amathumbu.

Njengoba sekushiwo, lokhu indlela ubizwa ngokuthi temlomo-fecal.

Njengoba isifo eba

simila Kugwinyiwe ifinyelela emathunjini ezinkulu futhi ludlulele ngaphakathi i isigaba asebenzayo yentuthuko. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi umuntu ogulayo amebiasis emathunjini. Uhudo amoeba bangaphila ngokuphepha emathunjini ezinkulu, zidla elikuqukethe. Kulokhu, lo muntu uzoba umkhumbi othwala asymptomatic. Ukulimala Enkulumweni yakhe amoeba akakubangeli, kodwa ibalula ukuthi izinhlumba.

Uma umuntu ine ukungalingani microflora emathunjini, noma abanesimiso esibuthaka sokuzivikela ezifweni, ifomu abakhuthele of amagciwane liziphatha ngobudlova. Amoeba eqondiswa odongeni emathunjini bese ludlulele ngaphakathi isigaba kwezicubu izimuncagazi. Ngaphansi kwethonya uhudo amoeba emathunjini udonga kancane kancane eziwohlokayo. Iba ikhule ezimbotsheni ebonakalayo ukuthi zibe izilonda. izilonda ubukhulu izindonga ingaphezu 10 mm. Ngokusebenzisa izilonda umthamo wegazi lesiguli uthole umsebenzi imikhiqizo amoeba. Imbangela kwezenzo ezihlukumezayo uhudo amoeba kungaba futhi ukucindezeleka njalo, ekudleni (yokulamba) kanye ukukhathala eyayihambisana nalo.

Izinkinga of amebiasis emathunjini

Izilonda kungaba ngempela ngokujulile. Kwezinye izimo, baye 'kudle "ogangeni emathunjini. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi perforation noma perforation we isilonda. Lesi simo esibangela yezinkinga amebiasis emathunjini, ngoba okuqukethwe amathumbu agelezela ingaphakathi lesisu, okubangela peritonitis.

Okunye ukuxakeka kungenzeka uma kumiswa isilonda is endaweni ukudlula imikhumbi emikhulu igazi. Kungabangela ngokweqile ukopha emathunjini. Futhi kulokhu unjani kuvula indlela yokuba ukusabalala amafomu amoebic asebenzayo wonke umzimba nge ukugeleza kwegazi.

Igazi ithwala silwanyana protozoan esibindini, ubuchopho kanye neminye iminyango (bronchi, amaphaphu nokunye). Khona-ke iqala nokuvuthwa of abscesses amoebic ngesimo izilonda ezinkulu. Cishe, lezi abscesses zenzeka Lobe kwesokudla isibindi. Lezi zinkinga kungaholela ekufeni isiguli.

Izinkinga ohambisana amebiasis emathunjini, kungabangela isimila emathunjini, okubizwa ngokuthi-amoeba, esibhibhayo noma ikholoni. Lezi zimo futhi kuyingozi ukuphila lesiguli kanye zidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

izimpawu

Izimpawu amebiasis (emathunjini) zikhonjiswa kanje:

1. Isiguli sinelungelo izigqiki njalo. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala ukutheleleka - izikhathi 6 ngosuku, nokuningi - tandla emahlandla la -10. Indle ibe lwamafinyila ebonakalayo futhi igazi amanyela. Isihlalo waqala ifomu iguqulwe ukuze mass lwamafinyila-wezimpi ezalandela.
2. Ekuqaleni lesi sifo lokushisa lomzimba kugcinwa esezingeni evamile, inyuka olwengeziwe.
3. Isiguli sinelungelo ubuhlungu esiswini ephansi. Ubunjalo ubuhlungu - ezidabukile, cramping. Lapho sokuzikhulula ubuhlungu umfutho kwandisa.
4. Kubhekiwe zamanga imizamo sokuzikhulula (tenesmus).

Izimpawu ukugeleza ngokulinganisela amebiasis emathunjini kuhilela ukunamathela izici ezingenhla emesis, isicanucanu futhi angafuni kudla.

Acute emathunjini ifomu amoebiasis kufika 6 amasonto. Lapho ukwelashwa sekudlulile ihlelelwe ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, kuza umuntu alulame ngokugcwele. Uma ukwelapha amoebiasis akuzona abamiswe noma iphulwe (kuphazamisekile), izimpawu uzonyamalala, kodwa yokutakula ayenzeki. Isiguli singena inkathi ukuthethelelwa, okuyinto ibambezeleke amasonto amabili kuya ezinyangeni eziningana. Khona-ke kukhona resumption of amebiasis nge kwathatha ifomu ezingamahlalakhona. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, amebiasis emathunjini e abadala nezingane kufanele aphathwe ngokushesha.

Ifomu njalo amebiasis emathunjini

Ifomu ezingamahlalakhona lesi sifo ingahlala iminyaka. Kodwa lapho kuba khona ukwelashwa enganele uma engekho yayo, umphumela Kunzima ukuqagela. Izimpawu ifomu ezingamahlalakhona kokulandelayo:

1. Man azizwa ukunambitheka kabi ulimi esivuthayo, ke kunciphisa iphango. Ngezinye izikhathi uyanyamalala ngokuphelele, elibangela yokukhathala.
2. Isiguli uyakhathala ngokushesha, uhlangabezana ubuthakathaka jikelele. Kungaba enze umsebenzi elula.
3. Kukhona nokwanda okuphawulekayo isibindi.
4. Isifo sokulahlekelwa yigazi, amazinga e-hemoglobin kungaba aphansi kakhulu. Isikhumba iba okhanyayo.
5. Kukhona izinhlungu 'esiswini. "
6. Ophilisayo kwenhliziyo, spasmodic ishayela palpable, okuyinto kuwuphawu izilonda senhliziyo.

Ifomu ezingamahlalakhona ngokuvamile kuholela izinkinga ezingase kube okuyisimo esisongela ukuphila.

Sifo. Uhlaziyo indle

Ukuze ubone udokotela isiguli uchaza izimpawu kanye nodokotela uqhuba wokuhlola kanye palpation esiswini. Ngalesi udokotela zokukhwabanisa azizwa hhayi ukuvuvukala enamandla, kwembula ubuthakathaka endaweni ikholoni, Uyaphenya ukwanda Lobe kwesokudla isibindi (e isibindi ithumba) kwembula esiswini bulging phezulu (in the case of ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo amoebic).

Uma amebiasis lesiguli emathunjini, ukuhlola kuhilela ukuqashwa kukaNksz ukuhlolwa laboratory. Eyokuqala Ukutadisha sezinyawo kuyiphi smear uzilungiselele omunye izindlela ezimbili:

1. smear Native, isb ukusebenzisa kwislaydi obuncane indle (ambalwa amathonsi sezinyawo ketshezi). Yengeza reagents kudingekile ukunikeza smear ecacile, okuyinto kuhlolwa ngesibonakhulu. Ngakho amafomu esiphilayo amoebae angabhekwa (luminal nezicubu) kanye izinhlumba. Ukuhlonza eziphilayo we impahla kumele ibe fresh, eqoqwe imizuzu engu-30 ngaphambi cwaningo. Kungenjalo die amoeba futhi ngeke smear negative zamanga.
2. ukudaya indlela Lugol. Kulokhu, lo smear ukulungiselela bomdabu bese yengezwa i isixazululo aqueous iodine. Iodine uyakwazi ibala izinhlumba amaseli okusobala.

Fecal abakwazi kuphela ihlukanise izinhlobo ezahlukene uhudo amoeba, kodwa futhi ukusungula ukutheleleka isinyathelo.

izifundo wezinsimbi

Izindlela ezilandelayo izifundo wezinsimbi kuncuma amebiasis emathunjini:

• sigmoidoscopy;
• ultrasound;
• computed tomography.

amoebiasis

amoeba Okokuqala atholakala sezinyawo isiguli ngo-1875. Kungenze usosayensi Russian F. A. lesh. Futhi ngo-1883, usosayensi uRobert Koch wakwazi ukuthola i-ejenti causative lokhu izilonda emathunjini bese abscesses. Ngo-1891, isifo amebiasis entsha kufakwe isigaba izifo ezimele. Kodwa wabe waqanjwa "uhudo amoebic".

Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa yini uhudo evamile (shigellosis) kanye amoebiasis - izifo ezahlukene. Esimweni sokuqala kuthinta ikholoni distal. Esimeni sesibili - izingxenye proximal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlungu kanye uhudo zitholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele esiswini, futhi amebiasis emathunjini - ohlangothini lwesokudla. uhudo Amoebic futhi shigillez babe Amagciwane ezahlukene. uhudo ejwayelekile kubangelwa Shigella amagciwane.

Ukwelashwa kweziguli omdala. I bendabuko indlela

Imithi yendabuko ukhetha ekwelapheni amafomu sibi amoebiasis ekhaya. isifo esinzima kakhulu kudinga izinkomba umnyango ezithathelwanayo esibhedlela. Ukwelapha eyinhloko amebiasis izidakamizwa. Izidakamizwa ngempumelelo amaningi abhekwa njengokudla "Metronidozol", "Trykhopol" futhi "Fazizhin". Lokhu antiprotozoal namanxusa imithi elwa nawo. Ngaphandle kwalezi, ngokuvamile linqume izidakamizwa bezinye:

• kwifomu luminal yesenzo amoeba ngempumelelo, "Interoseptol", "Meksaform", "intestopan";
• ku izicubu izinhlobo amoeba izenzo engcono "Ambilgar", "Digidroemetin" nezinye izidakamizwa;
• kuzo zombili izinhlobo ophilayo uhudo amoeba kuthinte izidakamizwa tetracycline.

amoebiasis emathunjini awukwazi ukubekezelela kwawena. Oyiphuzayo umthamo wabo kungenziwa kunqunyiwe ngudokotela. Kukhethwa uhlobo izidakamizwa zesifo kuthinta futhi zaba namandla kakhulu.

Inkinga amebiasis njengoba abscesses yangaphakathi, isiguli kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.

ukwelashwa Amebiasis ezinganeni

amebiasis emathunjini ezinganeni belashwa esibhedlela. Izingane uqoke "Trykhopol", "Fazizhin" futhi (noma) "oleandomycin". Ngo ukuhlinzwa abscesses awavamile.

emizimbeni Wezingane ngokushesha ulahlekelwa uketshezi, ngakho-ke kumele agcwaliswa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ngaphandle nje kokwanelisa ezingeni ketshezi, kubalulekile ukulawula ezingeni elithwala umoya-mpilo.

Izingane nzima ukubekezelela amebiasis emathunjini, njengoba ukudakwa kwenzeka ngaphezulu ezinzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane amoebiasis kubangela lokushisa emzimbeni ephakeme.

Ukwelashwa. ethnoscience

Esangulukile akekho owayezobhekwa aphathe emathunjini amebiasis amakhambi izitshalo. Kodwa ukusebenzisa amakhambi abantu, njengoba ibhekwa ekwelashweni ezivamile siyasebenza kakhulu.

kuvame kakhulu ukuba kusetshenziswe garlic tincture. Ukuze uthole 100 ml izinga vodka fake sidilike 50 g garlic. Tincture ukuma ebumnyameni izinsuku ezingu-14 futhi bathathwa bayiswa yogurt 15 amathonsi izikhathi 3 ngosuku.

Omunye iresiphi omuhle - ukumnika of hawthorn. Lokhu kudinga obomile hawthorn izithelo, mayelana 100 g, futhi 2 izinkomishi zamanzi abilayo. Lapho ukumnika selupholile, nzima futhi ukuwaphuza usuku lonke. Kungokufanayo isimiso zaparivat izithelo ulwandle lalesi sihlahla.

uhlobo amebiasis

Bonke labo wazibuza: "amebiasis: ukuthi kuyini nokuthi indlela yokuphatha kulo," Manje sengiyazi ukuthi impendulo. Sifaka ukuthi, ngaphezu ifomu emathunjini of amoebiasis, kukhona extra-emathunjini bese ifomu isikhumba. Kusukela izinhlobo extra-emathunjini bangase bahlupheke iyiphi nomzimba womuntu, kodwa ngokuvamile kakhulu kuthinta isibindi. Izilonda cutaneous kwakheka kwi izibunu, endaweni bendunu perineum, noma ezandleni.