Amazinga Certification. Federal Agency ku Umqondo zobuchwepheshe Metrology

isiqondiso State isicelo amayunithi ahlukahlukene - isici esibaluleke kunazo yentuthuko umkhakha nesayensi. Ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga e iRussia ukwenza umnyango ahlukene - Rosstandart. Ikakhulukazi, layo zamakhono - isifakazelo amazinga amayunithi. Kuyini yobuntu bazo? Yiziphi izindinganiso eziqondile isitifiketi inqubo?

Yiziphi izindinganiso amayunithi?

Ukuze uqale, cabanga uchungechunge Imininingwane theory ngesihloko okukhulunywa ngakho. Ngaphambi sithole ukuthi iyini iyona amazinga isitifiketi, sihlola essence yabo. Ngenxa yalesi siphendukela nezinhlinzeko isiqondiso ezikhethekile - RF Uhulumeni inombolo Ukulungiswa 734, bamukela 23.09.2010 ngonyaka.

Kulesi umqondo amalungelo umthombo inkomba okuxoxwe ngazo kwengcikitsi izindlela lobuchwepheshe esetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ngokunemba ukubhalisa kwanoma iyiphi amayunithi wokulinganisa yokutholwa ukufinyelela ubunye izilinganiso ezahlukene lobuchwepheshe.

amazinga isakhiwo

Ukwakheka etalons kungafaka phakathi Amadivayisi ahlukahlukene kanye amathuluzi yokulinganisa ukuthi zisetshenziswa e nokudlalela usayizi amayunithi, ukuqaliswa isitoreji yabo, ukudluliswa.

Isakhiwo inkomba nakho kungase amathuluzi samanje lapho izakhiwo abanekhono ungakwazi ukulisebenzisa ukulawula ukuqaliswa izidingo asethwe maqondana izimo ukusetshenziswa kanye namazinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinsiza kungenziwa kulekelelwa ulwazi kanye nengqalasizinda Computing, izakhiwo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezakhiwo - uma lokhu kudingekile mayelana nekucinisekisa kusebenta izindinganiso ithuluzi ukuqinisekisa izilinganiso ezifanele.

Inombolo isinqumo 734 kubonisa ukuthi umzimba omkhulu olawula nokusakazwa zomculo wokulinganisa, - ke Rosstandart kokuba isimo ejensi kahulumeni. Ama-oda Hlukanisa ejensi:

- uthi amagama yezindinganiso ezazihluke;

- esabela izinombolo kwezinye Izikali;

- kuqinisekisa namazinga isakhiwo;

- ichaza izidingo metrological nezobuchwepheshe sokulinganisa zomculo;

- usungula imithetho okuqukethwe kanye nokusetshenziswa namazinga;

- inquma wokulinganisa Isikhala kusho izitifiketi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho kulesi sihloko sizobheka imisebenzi ethile Rosstandart ngaphezulu. Kodwa manje - ezindinganisweni isitifiketi. Okokuqala, cabanga izigaba nendlela yawo ebanzi.

Izigaba namazinga isitifiketi

Ngakho, amazinga izitifiketi nenani ezihlukahlukene amayunithi ngokuhambisana nomthetho Russian wenziwa izigaba eziningana. Kuyini ngokucacile zabo?

Okokuqala inkomba umnikazi uyaqaphela izitifiketi zabo kokuqala. Njengengxenye wakhe kudingeka ilungise madokumende alandelayo:

- kusho sokulinganisa passport;

- imithetho okuqukethwe, kanye isicelo standard, okuyinto Ubuye ingxenye yayo inqubo isitifiketi;

- isitifiketi iqinisekiswa, kanye nesitifiketi ejwayelekile.

Esigabeni esilandelayo - ukudluliswa e Rosstandart isicelo esikhethekile imvume izitifiketi imiphumela eyinhloko, kanye engena idatha ireferensi Federal Isikhwama. Lo mthombo kulekelelwa amagumbi abonisa ulwazi kuzo zonke izindinganiso eqinisekisiwe. izicelo okuhlobene kungakwazi zithunyelwe ku-elekthronikhi.

Ukuze uqinisekise ulwazi kubonakala esicelweni Rosstandart umnikazi kufanele uthumele inkomba nge imibhalo kontanga sibuyekezwe. Uma sikhombisa imiphumela emihle, ke Rosstandart ikhiphe umyalo ekuvumeleni ngalawo mazinga ahlongozwayo. Lesi senzo zomthetho uba isisekelo entry okwalandela idatha yenkomba Federal Isikhwama.

Ngemva kwalokho umnikazi namazinga isitifiketi gqwa. On umphumela wayo uzodinga futhi ukwazisa Rosstandart. Uma lezi noma nezinye amazinga ezingazange eqinisekisiwe, ulwazi ngakho nazo idluliselwe eHhovisi. Ngokusekelwe ulwazi mayelana namazinga unsuitability Rosreestr kwenza izinguquko ezidingekayo ezincwadini Federal Isikhwama. Manje ake sixoxe kabanzi indlela lapho isitifiketi amazinga wenziwa.

Okokuqala, kuyoba mnandi ukuba uhlole ezicashile ukhiye we inqubo zokulawula.

Nezitifiketi zamazinga: isiqondiso normative

Umthetho Russian evunywe imithombo eziningana nomthetho obusa indlela lapho isitifiketi amazinga wenziwa. Isibonelo omunye iziqondiso ukhiye kule ndawo - inombolo Rosstandart Order 36, okuyinto yayikhishwe 22.01.2014 ngonyaka. Lokhu isiqondiso yasungulwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqaliswa RF Uhulumeni Isinqumo № 734. Amandla Inombolo ye-oda 36 osebenza ku izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kanye osomabhizinisi ngamanye abasebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene amazinga, ezifana nalezo ezazisetshenziselwa ukwenza emkhakheni wesi isimo ukufana izilinganiso.

UNongorwana № 36 ne main zokulawula ngombono kubhekwe sphere imigomo elandelayo:

- "izilinganiso zikazwelonke amayunithi" njengoba izinto okuhambisanayo isimo impahla kahulumeni;

- "inkomba value iyunithi" njengendlela yokuthola lobuchwepheshe ukuthi isetshenziswa ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ngezinto eziphathekako.

Manje ake sixoxe kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini izihlinzeko zawo zihlanganisa inombolo Rosstandart Order 36.

Inombolo ye-oda 36: Jikelele

Ngo "Imigomo Jikelele" amalungelo umthombo elihambisana unikezwa ekwakhiweni, owawuthi isimo namazinga kazwelonke ukuthi zisetshenziswa emkhakheni wesi yokukala ukufana kungenzeka izinto nezilinganiso kusho wenza eRussia nakwamanye amazwe, inqobo nje uma:

- izici metrological;

- edingekayo amakhono obuchwepheshe;

- imithetho yesondlo kanye nokusetshenziswa;

- ngezikhawu ayimisa phakathi izitifiketi.

Kulesi noma insimbi wokulinganisa ukuthi alikaqinisekiswa ingaphinda labizwa ngokuthi gosetalon - amazinga isitifiketi kulokhu Kuhlanganisa ukuthola ulwazi mayelana isakhiwo abanekhono abafanele Samandla izinto.

Ngokuhambisana Order № 36, isikhawu phakathi izitifiketi ngokuvamile elihambisana ubuncane. Inquma yayo eqondile ukuze yokuqinisekisa zomculo wokulinganisa.

Ngqo amazinga ukwamukelwa, kanye ukulungiswa idatha yabo ezincwadini isimo ozakusahlukanisa igunya. Okungukuthi, Federal Agency for Technical Regulation futhi Metrology. Isisekelo ukuqaliswa kwe-ukuthengiselana kuyinto isiqondiso igunya isicelo abanekhono kusukela umnikazi isampula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube ubuchwepheshe efanele. Kuyinto kulokhu kwenziwe ukuze kutholakale kuhambisana ejwayelekile, owawusedolobheni ukuhleleka izitifiketi, izimfuneko ngokuya:

- ukuphelela;

- izinga kwemibhalo design ethulwa ngumfakisicelo;

- ukuthembeka ulwazi, okuyinto ziyabonakala e isicelo.

Ihlola ikhithi yinhlangano ekhethekile isimo opharetha luhlolo imithombo. Kwezinye izimo, ikhambi lenkinga ixhunyiwe Setekulinganisa. Ukulandela imiphumela luhlolo luzakwenziwa umbono ukuthi kungenzeka ukufaka amazinga, vetted, ukuze Rosstandart mayelana isingeniso yabo.

isitifiketi eyinhloko

Manje ukufunda ngendlela okuphethwe ngayo umthetho we Russian Federation, ikakhulukazi ezingeni amalungiselelo ngaphansi ukucatshangelwa isenzo zomthetho, kwenziwe ngqo ngezindinganiso isitifiketi. Waqale wenza njengoba sibonile ngenhla, eyinhloko zokuxhumana level. Kulesi sigaba, umnikazi izindinganiso ngokuyinhloko eba:

- ipasipoti ekhethekile;

- imithetho ejwayelekile mayelana nokusetshenziswa, lapho kukhona sigaba nokuhlola yayo ngezikhathi ezithile.

Kuvele caveat ezibalulekile: imithetho kumelwe futhi ezimweni ezinikezwe ngumthetho, kubonakala inqubo, owawuthi kumele kwenziwe ukuhlola Samandla zomculo wokulinganisa. Imithetho esemazweni kungabuye lakhula ngesicelo somnikazi we-Institute of Metrology.

Ifomu okumele iyawakha ipasipoti kanye nemithetho Kunconywa Rosstandart. Ama-oda unikezwa umnyango, ngaleyo ndlela ingase iqukathe amafomu afunekayo. Futhi, indlela owawuthi kufanele sigcwaliswe isitifiketi ejwayelekile, kumelwe futhi afinyelele izimfuneko ezithile. Ngakho, kubalulekile ukuba kubonise ulwazi:

- walabo izinqubo, okuyinto ziyasetshenziswa njengengxenye isitifiketi;

- kumele kwenziwe kanjani ukuqinisekisa kanye Samandla yokulinganisa zomculo;

- mayelana nemithetho izici metrological zinqunywa ngaphansi okuyinto ejwayelekile, futhi kwenziwe ukuhlolwa nokuhambisana izimfuneko ezithile kuchaziwe emthethweni;

- izidingo isicelo imithetho ejwayelekile.

Uma izincwadi ezidingekayo izitifiketi kokuqala, bapheka, eyenziwa yokuqinisekisa noma Samandla ejwayelekile. ukuziphatha kwalo can Isikhungo Metrology, abanekhono isimo isakhiwo ezingeni lesifunda noma inhlangano accredited noma usomabhizinisi ngabanye.

Ukulandela ukuqaliswa inqubo Samandla isitifiketi esifakazela ukuthi wenziwa ngokuvumelana inqubo eyamiswa. Uma izinga ayikwazi ukukala, iqiniso ukuthi sifana isigaba esithile, kusekelwa iziboshwa ngazinye. Umumo isitifiketi Samandla futhi uthi Rosstandart. Ama-oda kaNgqongqoshe Ingase ibeke izinhlobo imibhalo efanele.

isitifiketi sokuqala: Izinselelo umnikazi ejwayelekile

imisebenzi ethile kulokhu futhi onikezwe inkomba umnikazi. Ngakho, ke kulindeleke ukuthi uzohlola nokuhambisana nezimfuneko zomsebenzi kanye nenqubo sokunquma okuqukethwe kanye nokusetshenziswa amathuluzi wokulinganisa. Uma imiphumela yekuhlola ukuhambisana uzokhombisa ukuthi unalo igciwane, futhi isitifiketi Samandla ekhishwe kahle, isitifiketi esikhishwe eqinisekisa ukuthi ejwayelekile isifakazelo. Kulokhu, idivayisi ezifanele wokulinganisa uthola inombolo yokubhalisa.

Ngakusasa umsebenzi ejwayelekile umnikazi - ukukhipha isicelo esikhethekile imvume amathuluzi wokulinganisa, okuyinto wawenziwa nokuhlolwa kokuqala. Le dokhumenti ethunyelwe Federal Agency for Technical Regulation futhi Metrology.

Njalo is ngokucacile izindinganiso isitifiketi eyinhloko. Kodwa kukhona gqwa. Eqinisweni, le izitifiketi ngamazinga ukusebenza. Cabangela izici zayo ngokuningiliziwe.

Izici amazinga recertification

Indlela sihamba le nqubo futhi inquma Rosstandart. yokulinganisa zomculo - into wesi, elisetendeni kwekhono uMnyango futhi-aspect nokuhlola gqwa.

Njengengxenye inqubo okukhulunywa ngaso, kungase futhi kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa noma Samandla ejwayelekile. Kulokhu indima esemqoka lapha ayefeze ngumnikazi. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe noma Samandla, nokuhlolwa ukuhambisana nesilinganiso kusho lisebenza ireferensi isibonelo umnikazi okuyinto onezindinganiso eziphakeme ukunemba nenqubo kahulumeni. Kulokhu, umnikazi we ejwayelekile kumele accredited zamakhono.

Kwezinye izimo indlela, owawuthi isitifiketi gqwa elinikezwayo inkampani umnikazi ajwayelekile, yenza Samandla zomculo wokulinganisa.

Uma imiphumela kokuhlola akhayo ke isithenjwa umnikazi, esibonakala by ukunemba okuphezulu ngokuhambisana igridi esungulwe inikeza isitifiketi umnikazi yokulinganisa izindlela, kulekelelwa protocol. Ifomu isitifiketi futhi inquma Rosstandart. amathuluzi wokulinganisa, kokubili isiqondiso umthetho into, kulesi simo futhi basonta kwekhono uMnyango.

Njengengxenye gqwa amazinga kokuhlaziywa abanikazi futhi afeze ukuhlolwa ukwenza ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko zomsebenzi kanye nenqubo kokuqukethwe kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kubonakale imithetho ukusetshenziswa amathuluzi wokulinganisa, kanye zomculo ukuxhashazwa. Uma imiphumela yalesi kokuhlaziywa uzokhombisa ukuthi unalo igciwane - ke isitifiketi esiqinisekisa ukuthi isitifiketi ejwayelekile.

Khona-ke izindlela ezifanele yokulinganisa umnikazi kufanele ufake ulwazi imiphumela gqwa imibhalo isifakazelo ukusetshenziswa. Ngemva lolu lwazi yadluliselwa abanekhono zikahulumeni ngenjongo ukufakwa ku-Register of Federal Isikhwama.

Uma kutholakala ukuthi indinganiso alihambisani inqubo eyamiswa, ngesisekelo Samandla yayo, futhi uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka ukukhanda elihambisana nesilinganiso izindlela, ireferensi umnikazi ngokunemba high okuhambisa ekhethekile isaziso umnikazi ukuthi ejwayelekile engasebenziseki ngenxa yokwehluleka ukuqinisekisa noma ngenxa ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento Samandla yayo. Ikhophi umthombo luthunyelwe Rosstandart. amazinga Certification kuhilela, njengoba vele sesiyazi, ukudluliswa kolwazi ngazo izimali sikahulumeni. Cabangela izici le nqubo kabanzi.

Ukudluliswa ulwazi oluhlobene ukubhekisela Federal Isikhwama

Ulwazi mayelana zokubekisa ezibe oda eshiwo umthetho, sivunyiwe, lidlule efanele Rosstandart Isikhwama. Ngenxa yale njongo zisetshenziswa nomnotho opharetha umculu ukuphathwa izinhlaba. Futhi esetshenziswa ulwazi olunikezwe ngumfakisicelo ngendlela ebhaliwe, inqobo nje uma ziqinisekiswa imiphumela luhlolo.

Ulwazi kulotshwe ezincwadini kwesiKhwama angavunyelaniswa ngezikhathi - inqobo nje ukuthi ulwazi mayelana nezici metrological wezinsimbi zomculo wokulinganisa kwashintsha. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, isithenjwa umnikazi ubophekile ukuthumela isaziso Rosstandart ngefomu ebekiwe ebhalwe yonke izinguquko isakhiwo idatha izindlela lobuchwepheshe, uma:

- salandelwa umnikazi;

- izinguquko ezenziwa izindlela lobuchwepheshe, noma imithetho isicelo yayo ipasipoti;

- kuye kwaba nezinguquko kule ngezikhawu phakathi izitifiketi.

Isaziso elihambisana kungenzeka kulekelelwa uma nezinye amaphepha adingekayo okuyinto abahlanganisiwe kulabo noma ezinye izinguquko.

Imithombo ehlukahlukene eliqonde ekutholeni Rosstandart, umnyango cwaningo, ngemva kwalokho ochwepheshe bakhe wakhipha umyalelo phezu izinguquko ukuze okubhalwe kuwo Federal Isikhwama. Ulwazi mayelana izifanekiso ahlukahlukene zitholakala ngokulandelana elisungulwe esiKhwameni. Abakwazi zisuswe emva kweminyaka 5 emva kokuthola isaziso sokuthi ukusebenza sokulinganisa zomculo kumisiwe.

Esimweni lapho Rosstandart uzonikezwa ulwazi yokuphambuka ngalezi noma nakwezinye izincwadi zezikhombo kuye, iyenziwa ulwazi ekhona okubhalwe kuwo Federal Isikhwama. Uma uthola ukuthi iphutha empeleni, basuke ukulungiswa ngesikhathi esifanele.

Indlela lapho amazinga aqinisekisiwe amayunithi tintfo lucobo, kanye nendlela baqhuba ezimali elawula Rosstandart. Le nhlangano ibuye, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, lucwaningo nezinqubo umthetho wokwenza edingekayo ngokwethula ngokukhethekile ku bobunjwa ukuhamba komsebenzi ahlukahlukene lapho asebenza khona amazinga abanikazi kanye nezinye izinhlangano ezingokomthetho emkhakheni ukulinganisa amathuluzi inzuzo. It kuyoba usizo uhlole ngokuningiliziwe izici Rosstandart.

Rosstandart njengenkosi yabo Regulator ukwenaba nesilinganiso inzuzo

Le nhlangano inesimo se-federal agency. Lingaphansi kwe-Ministry of Industry kanye ne-Trade of the Russian Federation. Phakathi kwezinto eziyinhloko zomthethonqubo ngaphakathi kwekhono lobuchwepheshe i-Rosstandart enikezwa yizindinganiso (ikakhulukazi, isitifiketi sabo), kodwa hhayi kuphela. Le nhlangano ibhekene neminye yeminye imisebenzi ebalulekile. Ikakhulukazi, ikhono le-Rosstandart yilo:

- ukuphathwa kwezinqubo ezehlukene ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwemithethonqubo yobuchwepheshe - kuhlanganise nalabo abasungulwe izivumelwano zomhlaba wonke weRussian Federation;

- ukuhlolwa kwemiklamo yamazinga ahlukene kazwelonke;

- ukulawula nokuqondiswa kwemisebenzi yezinhlangano ezithile zezomnotho ngokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwemikhiqizo abayithengayo ngezimfuneko nemithethonqubo;

- Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okusebenzayo kwezinsizakusebenza ezihlukahlukene zomphakathi - i-metrology, isikhathi, imvamisa, idatha yereferensi ngobuningi bomzimba, amasampula ekwakhiweni kwezinto nezinto zokwakha.

Futhi, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, i-Rosstandart inesibopho sokugcina amarejistreshini e-Federal Fund, abonisa idatha lapho amazinga emetrology eqinisekisiwe, yiziphi zazo ezingaphansi kwesifundo esengeziwe sokuhambisana nezidingo ezisemthethweni, kanye nokulungiswa kwamarekhodi Lokho noma ezinye izindlela zokulinganisa.