Amakhadi imininingwane yokuxhumana: ukusebenza kanye kalula yokusetshenziswa

Cabangela izici ezibalulekile kanye nezinzuzo ukuthi imininingwane yokuxhumana amakhadi. Njengoba ziyizidalwa ebalulekile ye ismatikhadi, sizoqala ingxoxo nabo.

amakhadi smart

Ngakho ngokuthi amakhadi epulasitiki nge chip esishunyekiwe. Inombolo owawukhona kubo iqukethe wesistimu yokusebenza sekhompiyutha, okuyinto uvikele ukufinyelela ikhadi, ngamanye amazwi, ukuqhuba imisebenzi cryptographic: isitoreji imisebenzi usebenzisa okhiye, ubuqiniso umsebenzisi, ukusebenza endaweni omethembayo.

Smart card - debit nama-credit card, ukuthatha uhambo, ukweqa izinhlangano ezahlukene, amakhadi anikezwa abafundi, sim-amakhadi, njll ...

Izinhlobo Smart Amakhadi

Ukwahlukaniswa wokuqala kusekelwe isifundi sekhadi esingu-smart endleleni eya exchange:

• Imininingwane (ISO 7816): amakhadi ezidumile ngama chips zingenalo amabhethri - kuthatha abafundi amandla. Lezi zihlanganisa amakhadi, "Sims" inkokhelo, amathikithi for payphones.
• Xhumana ne-USB: le nguqulo "eziphambili" uhlobo lokuqala, afaka kulo chip okuhlanganiswe nge-USB umfundi e iphasela elincane.
• amakhadi smart yokuxhumana: kohlobo lapho ukufunda ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze alethe ikhadi eduze umfundi. "Ukuxhumana" ne umfundi senzeka iqhaza RFID technology. Lezi amakhadi futhi ungenayo i-ibhethri, amandla lilondolozwe nabo ngokusebenzisa i-inductor, ukuthi futhi "izifunzo" ukusebenza idivayisi. Izibonelo: ikhambo electronic, ibheji, ama-passport yebhayomethrikhi.

Ukwahlukaniswa yesibili kusekelwe umsebenzi:

• Imemori khadi: esitolo ngokwazo iyiphi inani Imininingwane netindlela ukuvimbela ukufinyelela kuyo - amaphasiwedi, amakamelo eyingqayizivele, njll Iqembu ezivamile - travel, e-amathikithi, amakhadi iholo amafoni ..
• Intelligent: libhekene khona microprocessor kanye nekhono ukulayisha algorithm umsebenzi naye, senze ngaphansi kwegunya yesistimu yokusebenza, aqukethe iqoqo izitifiketi. Kuyinto sim-amakhadi, e-passport visa.

amakhadi imininingwane yokuxhumana kanye nezici zabo

Uwuchaze okungenhla, silayishe ukuthi igama jikelele yokuxhumana izindlela elisetshenziswa izinhlelo lokukhokha, nokulawula ukufinyelela amaphuzu.

amathuba abo esemqoka imi kanje:

• cishe zero kungenzeka manga;
• isikhathi eside isitoreji - kuze kube iminyaka engu-10;
• idatha izinga umfundi - ngesekhondi;
• kahle - ukubhala ngaphezulu ulwazi kungaba ku uhla izikhathi eziyinkulungwane 100.
• kungenzeka ukusetshenziswa eside - ikhadi kancane kuncike ukugqoka ngenxa yokuntuleka ukuxhumana umfundi.

umfundi Standard "ubona" imininingwane yokuxhumana ikhadi at ibanga 15 cm, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba awutholi idivayisi ukukhokha noma ukulawula isikhwama, ephaketheni noma esikhwameni. Lokhu kakhulu ngesivinini imisebenzi standard yemali kanye Isango (kulinganiselwa ngaso kuze kube u-40%).

Amabhange yokuxhumana amakhadi - jikelele kakhulu, ngoba futhi ngaphezu kwalokho unikezwe chip kanye umugqa magnetic. Nokho, intengo kwawo kuyamukeleka ngempela, futhi echaza okuvela okwandile yokuxhumana amakhadi ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke.

Okunhlobonhlobo yokuxhumana amakhadi

amakhadi imininingwane yokuxhumana futhi babe ngezigaba zabo:

• Em-zasolwandle: i obanzi kunayo yokuxhumana ukufinyelela amakhadi (tags). Ngaphakathi base plastic ibekwe antenna kanye ukusondela chip. sici yabo ehlukile - .. Amandla ukufunda at ibanga-70 cm asetshenziswa njengoba imvume ukupaka, zokupaka, ukuqina izikhungo, izikole, amanyuvesi, izikhungo zezokwelapha, njll Ngosizo lwabo, acabangele isikhathi abasebenzi wachitha ezindongeni inhlangano, abashayeli ukufuduka imizila, yokuthengisa abamele futhi t. d.
• MIFARE®: "umongo" yalo yakhiwa-antenna, a microchip ne memory evikelekile, Transmitter kanye umamukeli. Idatha ekhadini ingagcina kuze kube iminyaka engu-10. Esinye isici iyinombolo ehlukile ngamunye kuyavumelana omunye imikhakha inkumbulo - ingasetshenziswa njengenhlangano ikhodi isihlonzi.

• Proximity HID: yokuqala Kudlula yokuxhumana amakhadi sisebenze ngesikalo ezahlukene okushisa. ukufunda isikhathi nabo - akukho kuka 0.1 imizuzwana. Yiba tri-colour LED futhi ibhaza ukuze uthole ulwazi ezwakalayo futhi ezibukwayo mayelana umphumela ukuxhumana umfundi.

• ICLASS HID: babe algorithm eziyinkimbinkimbi, contact umfundi nedatha ukubethela - idatha ukudluliswa iqala kuphela uma umfundi ikhadi bese wabelana okhiye ezikhethekile. umehluko wabo ukuthi ingagcinwa enkumbulweni yayo , idatha yebhayomethrikhi ezifana zeminwe. Lokhu kuvumela uhlelo isingeniso zedivayisi ezisezikhungweni avaliwe, t. Ukuze. Reader eliqhathanisa ulwazi mayelana zeminwe kumephu naye ncike umunwe yomnikazi HID ICLASS.

umfundi yokuxhumana ikhadi

Abafundi yokuxhumana amakhadi - amadivayisi esetshenziswe ukubona ulwazi kusuka amakhadi imininingwane yokuxhumana, amaketanga ayisihluthulelo, amabheji, namasongo stickers. Iningi lazo uthola kuphela isibonakaliso, kodwa kukhona izinhlobo ubhala idatha.

Abafundi zihlukaniswe proximal - siqaphela ikhadi at ibanga 10 cm ubude kanye -. M 100 kuqala ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa control ukufinyelela izinhlelo, isilawuli amaphuzu. Ezikude, ngenhlanhla, ungamukela izitshengiselo ezivela kwamanye amakhadi amaningi kuyasetshenziswa e amabhizinisi ezinkulu, e Logistics.