Beam kabili tee: Ubukhulu. I-ugongolo ugongolo lokhuni

Imishayo elisetshenziswa ukwakhiwa lapho ukwakha uphahla, Uphahla lwangaphakathi, iphansi , nokunye. D. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene izinhlobo. Lezi zilwane isikhathi eside kakhulu yimina ugongolo - umklamo ekhethekile, e cross-section okuyinto ephinda incwadi "H". Lokhu yokwakha eyenziwe kusukela ikani metal noma ugodo.

Steel mina-ugongolo

Nge ukukhululwa kwalesi silwane ingasetshenziswa njengoba carbon iphuma kanye ongaphakeme ingxubevange steel. Faka I-imishayo ezindaweni eziningi ukwakhiwa civil nezezimboni. Ngokuvamile le nto isetshenziswa, uma kudingekile ukunikeza isakhiwo uzimele noma iyiphi izingxenye zawo anda amandla futhi rigidity. Kukhona mina-ngemishayo ashiselwe oluqanjwe ugingqe ashisayo. I sokugcina ziyimifanekiso ethandwa kakhulu.

amandla ASIC kule material kukhona kunenye inzuzo. I- joists amelana kakhulu lokushisa ekushintshashintsheni. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa nasekuthandeni izinto ukwakhiwa amakamelo unheated.

Ububanzi

Ngokuyinhloko, Beam kabili tee, ubukhulu zazo ingahluka, wasebenzisa ekwakhiweni emabhilidini ukwakhiwa ezimbonini kanye civil. Libuye libe uhlobo sokuqasha ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa uma ukwakha amabhuloho futhi ukuqinisa kwezimayini ngaphansi kukahulumeni. kabanzi kakhulu wasebenzisa leli Umama otholakala wokwakha imoto kanye nezimboni yezimoto.

Amafomu mina-imishayo

Lolu hlobo libhekwa iphuma hhayi kuphela indlela ukwakhiwa, kodwa futhi ku imininingwane ukwakhiwa. Ugongolo ungase ube kabili tee njengoba emashalofini parallel bese kulahlwa engela. Kulo mBhalo, eziqashisayo uhlukaniswe:

• ekhethekile,
• evamile (nge emashalofini emthambekeni 6 kuya 12%).

Special mina-ugongolo (GOST 19425-74), esikhundleni salokho, zihlukaniswa:

• okuhloswe ukuba baqinise kushaft (kumakwe ngohlamvu "C");
• lisetshenziswe womshini zamanga ziyindlela ( "M").

Imishayo nge Flanges okuhambisanayo (GOST 26020-83) zihlukaniswe zibe:

• evamile (kumakwe "B"),
• wide- (W),
• umbhoshongo (K).

Futhi metal mina-imishayo buyehluka kuye ugqinsi emashalofini futhi izindonga.

Beam kabili tee: Ubukhulu

Ukuphakama lo mbono cross-Sectional of iphuma ungathola ezahlukene. Lesi sibalo kushintshwe wezivakashi ukunquma kungenzeka yayo ngoba inombolo uvumelanise. Ngakho, ukuphakama 140 mm njengoba lokho kwaziswa ukuze imakwe 14C ngo-360 mm - 36M, njll ...

Ubukhulu Specific izakhi ukwakhiwa lolu hlobo ugingqe kunqunywa lolutfolakala kumathebula ekhethekile. Kulawa, kungenzeka ukwazi isisindo mina-ugongolo.

Legend:

• b - ububanzi emashalofini,
• t - Uhlonze lwalo Ngokwesilinganiso,
• S - odongeni ukujiya,
• h - ukuphakama I-ugongolo,
• R - engaba langaphakathi ugobile,
• R- engaba emashalofini.

Ngemishayo imishayo yokhuni

Lolu hlobo zokwakha, efana steel, libhekene amandla high kanye nokusebenza kakhulu. Jumper H-ugongolo lokhuni babevame plywood noma OSB, emashalofini - kusukela amapulangwe planed. Kukhona uhlobo plywood. Kulokhu, ubambo izenzo yokwakha yaseGrisi laminate. Ethe njo mina-imishayo mancane singangena abolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingabantu umlilo ngaphezulu ukumelana.

Axhumene mina-imishayo ezenziwe ngokhuni ne kubakaki ekhethekile. Lesi sakamuva aqukethe parallel izingcwecwe zensimbi ezilula futhi kudivayisi uvala. Nezixhumi ungaba letingemasayizi lahlukene. Uma kudingeka, kuyoba lula Ihlobene kukho, Lifanele ukuphakama imishayo ukhonkolo.

Ububanzi bokusebenzisa

Ezisetshenzisiwe kabili tee ugongolo lokhuni ikakhulukazi ukwakhiwa Uhlaka-isihlangu. Futhi, le nto ngokuvamile ukwesekela isitini slabs, isivimbo amakhaya okuqinile ukhonkolo. Iphansi abekwa phezu joists kwalesi silwane zinezikhathi rigidity okusezingeni eliphezulu, musa creak futhi ungalokothi goba.

Nge ukwakhiwa ophahleni lwezakhiwo elikhulu eliphakeme ngemitha elilodwa mina-ngemishayo semishayweni zingenziwa ihhashi. Lokhu kwaziswa empeleni esasisesisha ongaphumelela esikhundleni ngokwesiko esetshenziswa ngenxa yale njongo, imishayo yokhuni, metal isikhunta, enezisekelo zikakhonkolo. Ngokuvamile, umenzi inika isiqinisekiso ku Mina-imishayo ngezingodo zonke imigqa isakhiwo service.

Izinzuzo Mkhiqizo

Izinzuzo kabili tee ugongolo lokhuni isethwe. Le nto zihlukaniswa izici ezifana:

• Amandla. I-imishayo ingafakwa ukuvuleka eside kakhulu.
• ukuzinza ntathu. Lezi imishayo musa bend futhi awekho ngaphansi ukuncipha kanye deformation.
• Ubulula kokuthenga. Yiphathe le yokwakha kungaba ezivamile lokubaza namathuluzi.
• Ezihlukahlukene zokusisebenzisa. Ukusebenzisa bukhanye emashalofini ezimbili zingase ukwakhiwa phansi, phansi, izindonga, ophahleni kanye nokunye okufana nalokho. D.
• Lightness. Isisindo mina-ugongolo ezenziwe ngokhuni kg 3-4 kuphela. Ukukhulisa isici enjalo, isibonelo, ophahleni akudingi imishini ekhethekile. Kwenze ayengakwenza abantu ababili kuphela.
• eziphansi.

Ubukhulu impahla

Nge ukwakhiwa zingasetshenziswa yinoma ezahlukene ugongolo kabili tee. Ubukhulu bayo, livame ukusetshenziswa ukwakhiwa, yilezi:

• obuphelele - 241, 302, 356, 406 mm,
• eshalofini ububanzi - 64 mm,
• flange ukujiya - 38 mm.

Njengoba ngokuvamile lokhu okubalulekile isetshenziswa inhlangano kokufulela e ukuvuleka ebanzi kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi kuqakathekile ukwakha. SNIP uvunyelwe. Esikhathini emalungeni imishayo amabili ngesikhathi sivala esifanayo zapilivaem. fixing engeziwe kwenziwa amabhawudo.

Ngokuvamile, ngeziningi zezinto zokwakha okuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu - ngokhuni mina-imishayo. GOST, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-zilwane metal, ulawula ratio ukuphakama kanye nosayizi izakhi yalolu hlobo izisekelo. Babheke ukuba amatafula ekhethekile.

Kanjani I-ugongolo ekhaya

Uma wayefisa, ukwakhiwa okunjalo kungenziwa ekhiqizwa futhi ekhaya. Lokhu kuzodinga kwesigaba amabili nesigaxa okungenani 35h25 mm. Jumper ezenziwe plywood noma OSB. Futhi uzodinga i kagesi noma Chainsaw. Umsebenzi wenziwa ngendlela elandelayo:

• Okokuqala, imigoqo kanye wonke wabo obuphelele Basaha inkatho ka 10% ukuphakama ikhothamo ukujula.
• Babe wasika ubude olufunayo, bese sanded.
• Khona-ke, phansi ngamunye furrow isicelo se-ingcina.
• Running kwakwakhe imishayo pairwise usebenzisa ipulangwe noma OSB.

Ngesikhathi esigabeni sokugcina ugongolo siphelile ukubeka ngaphansi cindezela. Ukwenza kube zingenza ngokuzimela. Ngenxa yale njongo, nemishayo siteshi. Basuke ezibekwe emashalofini futhi bebambisana usebenzisa izibhamu noma amabhande.

ekhiqizwa Ngakho zokwakha ishibhile kuka ukuthengwa Beam kabili tee. Intengo yokugcina kungenzeka ehla enyuka emhlabeni 200-250 ruble. Okuqoqwe ngokwakho kuzoba kunomvuzo izikhathi 1.5-3 eshibhile.

Aluminium mina-imishayo

Ukwakha lolu hlobo impahla Ubuye amandla ngcono. Kabili tee ugongolo senziwa aluminium ingxubevange ngokuvamile AD31. Lokhu nezilwane avame ukusetshenziswa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu. Futhi imishayo zenziwa aluminium ingxubevange 1915 Lolu hlobo has amandla aphezulu. Aluminium ngemishayo namandla futhi ulula kunalokhu steel ugodo.

ezihlukahlukene impahla

Kukhona aluminium mina-imishayo:

• lukhuni,
• annealed,
• asebekhulile.

Indaba enamathela kungenzeka ngesineke, anodized, impuphu, electrophoretic, isakhiwo ezimbili ungqimba. Ngokwe imibandela yokusetshenziswa aluminium mina-imishayo, kanye steel, zingahlukaniswa zibe wide-, ikholomu kanye evamile. Labelling kulokhu isebenzisa okufanayo.

Ubukhulu

Aluminium kabili tee ugongolo osayizi nakho kungaba ezahlukene. Ubukhulu kulokhu zinqunywa GOST. wenza kahle kanye kophawu. Ukuphakama ugongolo aluminium ziyahlukahluka kusuka 10 kuya ku-100 cm esimweni sokuqala ngokuvumelana GOST ibutho uzoba ububanzi 55 mm ukujiya -. 4.5 mm. Nquma isilinganiso nemingcele esimweni ngasinye kungase kube amatafula.