Amachashaza Lyarshe sokuhlola izinguquko postmortem

Lapho ecwaninga ngale okubulala kubaluleke kakhulu ukusungula ukufa isisulu kwenzeka isikhathi esingakanani. Ngezinye izikhathi incike impumelelo uphenyo, ngoba ngesikhathi esiqondile ukusungulwa ukufa ayikwazi ukucacisa ukuthi ngubani angenza ubulelesi, futhi ubani alibi. Ngakho-ke, lokho kudalulwa obugebengu aphambene ukuphila komuntu ngokuvamile kudingeka lapho ngihlolwa izinsalela, okuzokwenza ukukwazisa ngenkathi lenzeka isenzo ekhubazekile. Kunezindlela eziningana izici ezikuvumela ukuba uthole impendulo yalo mbuzo. Omunye sici sinjalo indawo Lyarshe okuzokwenziwa okukhulunywe ngabo kulesi sihloko.

Isayensi ekutholeni imbangela yokufa nesikhathi nesenzakalo yayo

Kuyini indawo Lyarshe? Izithombe lezi izindawo banikwa izincwadi eziningi yobugebengu: ngesisekelo ochwepheshe sithole isikhathi sokufa. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka incazelo izimpawu kwesidumbu, kufanele ukusho amazwi ambalwa ngalokho sifa nokuthi yini isayensi izifundo le nqubo. Field yolwazi ku lomkhuba okuyimfihlakalo ukushonelwa eziphilayo, okuthiwa thanatology. Isigaba, okuyinto ngaphansi kwekhono forensic - tanatologiya zokwahlulela. Tanatologiya inikeza izimpendulo zemibuzo ezihlobene definition zezici sabulala futhi kwenza kube ukunquma kahle impela lapho kwaba ukufa yomuntu.

izinguquko Postmortem futhi ukubaluleka kwabo ukuze sithole isikhathi sokufa

Ukufa akuyona inqubo leso ukuthi ngisho isikhathi esithile ngemva kokufa umzimba ezicutshini zayo izinguquko ezithile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngemva kokufa ezinye izicubu begazi siqhubeke umsebenzi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngaphansi kwethonya zezemvelo umzimba kancane kancane eshintsha: iyasha umswakama ezicutshini zomzimba, amandla adonsela phansi isabalaliswe e imithambo yegazi ngenxa yomsebenzi webhaktheriya zenzeka elibi. Yiqiniso, lezi zinqubo kancane Taper off, kodwa ulwazi ukulandelana izinguquko ezenzeka nge umzimba, okuvumela ngokwanele ukuba ngokunembile usethe isikhathi sokufa umzimba.

Izigaba main wokufa

Dying - inqubo unezigaba ezine, okuyizinto zilandelana ukulandela omunye komunye:

- Predagonalnoe isimo. umuntu ilimele kuba engasenamahloni, isikhumba sakhe ukuphaphatheka, futhi ukucindezela lehla. Lesi simo ingahlala amahora amaningana.

- Ezinhlungwini. Okukhulu isitho izinhlelo bayaqhubeka besebenza: umuntu uphefumula, inhliziyo yakhe ishaya. Nokho, imisebenzi kwezitho behlala ndawonye bengashadile akusashiwo esihlelwe. Ukwandisa hypoxia, okuholela ekufeni amangqamuzana obuchopho. Agony kungathatha amahora 5-6, ngalesi sikhathi angasahlelwa izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukuba ukuba Ukufa komuntu luyaphumelela.

- ukufa Clinical. Umzimba iyeke umsebenzi, futhi umuntu kungenziwa bashone. Nokho, kwezinye izicubu namanje uqhubeke umzimba. At the stage of sebefile, umuntu angabuye abuyiselwe ekuphileni. Ngokuvamile, le nkathi ihlala kuze kube amaminithi angu eziyisishiyagalombili: emva kwalesi sikhathi, ngisho noma singenza beat inhliziyo, imisebenzi we- cortex cerebral kukhona kahle.

- ukufa eziphilayo. izinqubo engelapheki ngenxa yimuphi umzamo ukubuyela le ndoda ekuphileni kuyoba yize. Lyarshe izindawo - uphawu sokufa, okubonakala kuphela lapho kuqala ukufa yemvelo.

izimpawu sokufa

The main izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ukuthi umuntu ufile, imi kanje:

- baxhashazwe kuphelele;

- evelele pallor kwesikhumba, okuyinto imbangela enkulu yokuqothulwa kwehlathi ukuboshwa inhliziyo;

- ukungabi khona ukuphefumula umsebenzi nokushaya kwenhliziyo;

- ukunyamalala ikhaliphe futhi ukusabela ezintweni.

Ukuba khona zonke lezi zici ivumela ukuqinisekisa nokushona komuntu, nakuba kwezinye izimo zidinga ucwaningo oluningi. Ngokwesibonelo, imithi umqondo ukufa sobala: kulesi simo, zonke izinqubo zokuphila buthaka futhi ehlile kuze kube sezingeni lokuba ukuthi umuntu kube sengathi sifile. Odokotela bangase ngephutha ufile, ngokuqondene lapho izidumbu zabantu abashona esibhedlela, ithunyelwa morgue kungekho ngokushesha kunezinsuku emahoreni amabili ngemuva eqinisekisa ukufa. odokotela Forensic ingase futhi uhlangabezana ne ngengqondo amacala ukufa. isimo esinjalo singenzeka uma electrocution, ubuthi, nokunye. D. Nokho, zikhona izimpawu ezibonisa ukufa ncamashi okuhlaselayo umzimba. Omunye izimpawu ezinjalo ziyathandeka Lyarshe izindawo.

izinguquko Sakudala isidumbu izimpawu obuphathekayo sokufa

Zikhona izimpawu ezivumela ukunquma ngobuciko ngokuphelele ukuthi umuntu efa, futhi izinyathelo resuscitative kukhona alunamsebenzi. izici Data zihlanganisa izenzakalo kukhona awushintsheki futhi ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo zahluleka ukuvuka kumuntu ophilayo:

- omiswe cornea (Lyarshe izindawo avele, okuyinto kungabonwa yiwo wonke emangala umnyaka umufi);

- pupillary ngenkathi ecindezela le zamehlo (Beloglazova uphawu, noma uphawu okuthiwa iso cat sika);

- ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa komzimba libe amadigri 20;

- ukuvela izindawo cadaveric;

- izindawo wegazi hypostasis: isikhumba ugodo avele izindawo okwesibhakabhaka lokuyibubende ukuthi abe engabonakali lapho sicindezelwe;

- nesenzakalo izinguquko isici cadaveric, ezifana ukuwohloka, mummification, njll ...

Njengoba ungase ucabange, lezi zinguquko kubonisa nesenzakalo sokufa eziphilayo, futhi asikho isidingo lokufeza yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule.

Kubalulekile wazi ukuthi izinguquko zenzeka ngokulandelana, ngakho, ubuka isidumbu salowo oshonile, ochwepheshe forensic kungacacisa ukuthi ngasiphi iphuzu weza ukufa umuntu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukwakheka kwamabala Lyarshe uthi ngemva nesenzakalo sokufa ngaphambi luhlolo owawuse amahora okungenani eziyisihlanu.

okukhulu omiswe

Ngokushesha ngemva kokumisa umzimba uqala omiswe okukhulu. ikakhulukazi ketshezi iyasha ngokushesha esuka ezindaweni ezivulekile yomzimba eholela ushintsho umbala izindwangu, kanye uphawu. Lyarshe izindawo zibonisa ukuthi umzimba kancane iqala ukulahlekelwa umswakama. Lezi zindawo okokuqala cadaveric omiswe wadalula kwesikhumba eziye kabana ukuphila, kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila kwamehlo, umthondo, izindebe nolimi. On the zamehlo abe izindawo lubonakale Lyarshe okukuvumela ukuba ayothola ukuthi ekufeni komzimba, izindebe kuqinile, futhi isikhumba endaweni zangasese iqala ukufana touch yesikhumba. Inqubo omiswe ingase ihlale nje umzimba akuyona shabalala ngokuphelele umswakama. Kulokhu, kuza mummification isidumbu.

Kuyini indawo Lyarshe?

Uma ngokushesha ngemva kokufa emehlweni kamufi hhayi embozwe amakhulu eminyaka, nge ebusweni cornea uqala shabalala umswakama, ngoba alibe lisaba ezimanzi izinyembezi uketshezi. Kulokhu, lo sclera ivele ku izindawo ezithile ngemibala sinombala. Ziyakwazi elingunxantathu, vertices unxantathu iqondiswe ekufezeni emakhoneni zangaphandle engaphakathi amehlo, futhi base ivuliwe ukuze iris. Izindawo ukuthi zishintshile, bheka kancane zishwabene, futhi kugqame ngokumelene isizinda cornea shiny. Lezi izindawo namabala babe Lyarshe: izithombe basikisela ukuthi emahoreni ambalwa ngemva kokufa iso uqala ukubheka hazy.

Lapho kukhona amabala?

Akwanele nje ukucacisa ukuthi amehlo lohlaselwayo babe Lyarshe izindawo. Lapho ukwakha lezi izindawo - lokho umbuzo oyinhloko. Phela, impendulo ukunquma isikhathi sokufa lomuntu. Kwatholakala ukuthi cornea iqala ukuze ome out emva amahora amabili noma amathathu ngemva kokufa, ikakhulukazi kahle nale nqubo lubonakale ngemva amahora angaba mahlanu.

Kukhona amatafula ekhethekile esetshenziswa odokotela forensic. Amathebula lawo anikela ulwazi mayelana yini izinguquko kwesidumbu kwenzeke emva kwesikhathi esithize ngemva kokushona komuntu. Ukusebenzisa amathebula, ochwepheshe Ungasetha isikhathi cishe ukufa.

Cishe 12 amahora ngemva kokufa zamehlo kukhona ezingcolile ophuzi ngenxa yokuthi i-cornea bome ngokuphelele. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kusho izindawo Lyarshe zinyamalale. Nokho, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile (isb, uma isimo sezulu esomile ezinomoya) izimpawu umswakama ukuhwamuka kusukela corneal sobala ngemva ingxenye yehora. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezimweni ezinjalo, nolwelwesi lwamafinyila zome fast ngokwanele. Ngakho-ke Lyarshe izindawo kokuhlaziywa izinguquko kwesidumbu - uphawu lapho kufanele sifundwe ngokuhlanganyela nokuhlukanisa izimo lapho isidumbu wahlala. Kungenjalo, ematfuba ukuzimisela yokuphambuka okwamanje sokufa. Uma isidumbu ekamelweni, izindawo izovela kwamahora amahlanu ngemva kokufa, uma ngaphandle - ke ngemva kwehora elilodwa.

A uphawu iso ikati sika

Amachashaza Lyarshe, incazelo kungatholakala kulesi sihloko akukuphela "iso" uphawu, ivumela ukusungula ukufa. Isekhona okuthiwa uphawu Beloglazova. Lokhu uphawu kungabonakala nasemkhakheni cishe isigamu sehora ngemva umuntu ofile.

Ngemva kokufa nezicubu ilahlekelwa umswakama waso ngenxa okukhulu mortis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva ubuchopho efa, imisipha ukuthi innervate umfundi eyeka ukuba umsebenzi, futhi izinhlamvu zamehlo ingcindezi abukhali lehla. Ngakho-ke, uma uyikhama iso efile nhlangothi zombili, umfundi kuyothatha kobujamo obusaqanda, kepha efaniswe umfundi ikati. Uma ngawakhamela yeso umuntu ophilayo, umfundi ngeke kushintshe ezakheke round.

okusho thanatology

Thanatology ephethwe buthelela omningi idatha ezingaba ukunquma ngokunembile isikhathi sokufa umuntu, kanye ukusungula izimbangela zokufa. Lokhu kubalulekile kakhulu umkhuba lobugebengu. Phela, sibonga ucwaningo lososayensi forensic bengathola ulwazi zibaluleke ukucacisa ubunikazi okonile.

Tanatologiya - isayensi, okudinga pathologists zomthetho futhi forensic hhayi kuphela. Ngenxa yokuthi odokotela bakwazi ukuthuthukisa izindlela olunembile sokunquma ukuqala ukulahlekelwa engelapheki zokuphila futhi ukukufunda ngokuningiliziwe inqubo ukufa, abantu abaningi baye abuyiselwe ekuphileni. Lokhu kusebenza iziguli abaye babhekana sebefile, izinsana ozalwa ngaphandle izimpawu zokuphila, futhi nokunye. D. Eqinisweni, kuze kube isinqumo sokugcina iqiniso ekufeni komzimba kungenzeka ukuba afeze yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule futhi asindise isiguli.

isiphetho

Izimpawu ukuthi nesenzakalo yamuva sokufa komuntu ababazalayo Lyarshe izindawo. imithi Forensic inamathela kakhulu lokhu uphawu, ngoba kungaba sasivumela ngokunembile usethe isikhathi sokufa. Uma medicolegist eqoshiwe khona amabala, singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi ukufa okungenani amahora amahlanu ngaphambi luhlolo isidumbu. Uma i-cornea kuyinto turbid ngokuphelele, kufanele esekelwe ezinye izinguquko kwesidumbu.