Actinidia samoplodnye: incazelo, betshala nokunakekela

Actinidia samoplodnye isitshalo ngempela ezithakazelisayo zokuhlobisa. izithelo zayo kuzuzisa kakhulu impilo yabantu, okumnandi futhi flavorful. Ukuze zikhule futhi uyabanakekela izitshalo kulula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Actinidia kunikeza izitshalo okusezingeni eliphezulu oqine yonyaka. Izithelo kuhluke lezimpahla obukhulu kakhulu, zingagcinwa isikhathi eside endaweni epholile. Ulwazi mayelana ukutshalwa Actinidia nokuqukethwe ekhaya inikezwe ngezansi.

Incazelo Actinidia samoplodnye

Lesi sitshalo ngenhla unamagama amaningana. Lokhu aquifolium Actinidia, futhi Actinidia samoplodnye, futhi ikiwi, futhi uphayinaphu atinidiya. I plant, ngokuyinhloko, kwenzeka umbukwane isihlahla Creeper esibonakala enhle ukubukeka zokuhlobisa futhi izithelo ezidliwayo. sici okuqukethwe kwakamuva eliphezulu ngokwedlulele amaminerali ewusizo namavithamini.

Lesi simila libhekene esitebeleni ezithela eliphezulu, anele frost ukumelana, mazombezombe izimo ukukhula, ukumelana izifo kanye izinambuzane.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Actinidia samoplodnye akudingi isitshalo besilisa: it is kahle impova uqobo. It is a isitshalo monoecious iqala ukuthela izithelo kakade ngonyaka 4th emva kokutshala. Ngesinye ehlathini bangathola-9 kg amajikijolo.

actinidia izithelo zingagcinwa in esiqandisini izinyanga kuze kufinyelele 2, kodwa abulunge esiqinile lokushisa uhla kusuka 0 kuya 2 degrees Celsius.

Izici actinidia

Lesi sitshalo ngenhla ezilandelayo izici lihlukile:

• It has a ukuphakama 25 m (Argut grade), 6 m (buka kolomikta);
• emgqonyeni ubukhulu 5 cm;
• isitshalo okusezingeni eliphezulu ukukhula rate of amahlumela (isizini ngayinye isesikhathini 2 m);
• uhlelo impande lunemicu izimpande lwamathambo;
• okushisa Maximum ngezansi zero, okuyinto egcina isitshalo Actinidia - kuyinto -30 degrees Celsius;
• Kiwi eyafika ophawulekayo, ingaphezu abandayo ukumelana kuka-non-esindayo;
• phakathi no-August - isikhathi izithelo yokuvuthwa;
• izitshalo nezithelo babe round noma ukuma oblong, kusukela ukukhanya green amnyama ngombala;
• ukunambitheka izithelo - kusukela omuncu-sweet enuka insipid;
• isitshalo photophilous;
• Isiko ukuthandwa umswakama, kodwa esiningi ngokweqile ke awunakuma;
• hhayi Kunconywa entwasahlobo izihlahla.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ungakwazi zikhule kahle lesi sitshalo actinidia bathele izithelo iminyaka engaba ngu-30.

izakhiwo ewusizo Actinidia

Izithelo izitshalo ngenhla okunenzuzo kakhulu umzimba womuntu. Ngo ngezithako zawo ziqukethe:

• carotene, niacin, askorbinku, uvithamini B5 ;
• polyphenol;
• namaminerali: potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus;
• ukudla okuqinile;
• acid organic;
• pectins.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izithelo zalesi sitshalo aqukethe izikhathi 5 more Vitamin C kuka currants omnyama aminingi ukudlula citruses izikhathi 10.

Lezi zithelo kakhulu ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba iziguli abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme, abantu abaphethwe isifo sikashukela, abadala kanye nezingane. Ikakhulukazi iziguli ewusizo kiwifruit ukuthi unezinkinga umbono.

Izinhlobo samoplodnye Actinidia

Zisetshenziswa bok imivini angaba ngu-30 izinhlobo zezilwane uhlobo lwe. Zonke izinhlobonhlobo Actinidia zinezikhathi okusezingeni eliphezulu zithelo yonyaka futhi enhle umbono zokuhlobisa. Akwaziwa eRussia kulandela izitshalo ngenhla:

1. Argutovye:

• hybrid;
• Kiev ezinkulu-fruited;
• abacaphuni;
• I september;
• Actinidia Argut samoplodnye.

2. Interspecies:

• Giralda;
• Isithembu.

3. Kolomiktovye:

• uphayinaphu;
• Clara Zetkin;
• Samoplodnye Actinidia Kolomikta;
• Ukunqoba.

Impova izitshalo kwenzeka umoya noma izinambuzane. Ngokuthakazelisayo, le nqubo kungaba kwenziwe at amabanga ngokwanele ezinkulu: kuze kube yingxenye ikhilomitha. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo kolomiktovyh futhi interspecific impova ngokwabo. Harvest kulokhu uyaphuma kancane.

Ngesinye isikhathi bok imivini bayakwazi ukukhula eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-70.

Nothile Kuveza imivini kuncike hlobo yayo. Argutovye ukuhlinzeka inani elikhulu izithelo - kuze 250 kg, kolomiktovye - Inani kuze 3 kg. Futhi, isisindo ezahlukene kanye izithelo eziningi, isibonelo, babe isisindo izithelo esithenjini 6 gr.

Okusanda eMelika abalimi baletha ezihlukahlukene entsha actinidia okuthiwa Kiwi. Ngenxa yalokho uyakwazi ukuthela izithelo nesisindo 330 grams.

Njengoba ukuvuna, ezihlukahlukene Giralda nazo zonke kolomiktovye izithelo ziqoqwa ngasekupheleni kuka-August, kanti bonke abanye - maphakathi no-September. Nakuba, uma ufuna ukuthola olunye esithelweni ushukela, ukususa ikiwi eduze frost.

Uma isivuno kwaba eqoqwe at okushisa sub-zero, ngeke eside agcinwe kule esiqandisini.

ukukhiqizwa kabusha actinidia

Lesi sitshalo ngenhla okusakazwa cuttings kanye imbewu. Imbewu babhekane nezinga elikhulu Kwenziwa izinyanga 2. imbewu steamed phambi inqubo. Babe exutshwe isihlabathi futhi kancane moisten. Ngemva kwalokho, imbewu zihambisana izicubu bese kubekwa ekamelweni ukupholisa lapho izinga lokushisa kufanele kugcinwe cishe +5 degrees Celsius. Kunconywe nsuku zonke imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu emazombezombe kubo emazingeni okushisa okuvamile.

Ngemva kwenqubo ezingenhla, babhekane nezinga elikhulu imbewu ehlwanyelwe enhlabathini ukukhanya, okuyinto pre-steamed. Amahlumela avele kusenesikhathi: emavikini amabili. Phakathi nonyaka wokuqala zikhula kancane. Kodwa abayi Kunconywa yini ukondla.

izithombo Young of Actinidia ebusika kuqala kungcono ukugcina endaweni epholile. Watshala efiselekayo kuphela kwentwasahlobo.

Uma Actinidia okusakazwa cuttings, kutuswa ukuba usike nabo ezimbili noma ezintathu efihlekile. Futhi ushiye mfushane leaf engenhla. Cuttings yanconywa ukubeka ngosuku e ingilazi yamanzi distilled. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho bangakwazi itshalwe isitsha substrate. Njengoba yokugcina ingasetshenziswa Peat ngokuphepha noma isihlabathi. Okubalulekile: Musa ukuzumeka nge substrate leaf ihlumela! Ngemva ukutshala cuttings adinga bazithela ngamanzi kanye nekhava ifilimu.

Ukuze i-cuttings kahle egxilile, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka izimo lokushisa (18 degrees Celsius) ngenhla umswakama isilinganiso kanye nokufinyelela elangeni. Kanye ngosuku Kunconywa ukuba fafaza cuttings ngesibhamu spray.

Izithombo ukuthi ayesekhulile kusuka cuttings uzoqala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu.

Umhlabathi for the izitshalo oshiwo ngenhla

Izithombo of Actinidia uthanda ezihlukahlukene nenhlabathi, ngaphandle ngezikhathi ubumba nenhlabathi, okuyinto zitholakala eduze namanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Abazalanisi ukuncoma ukwenza izitshalo amanzi okuhle. Ngakho-ke, isihlahla Creepers kungcono ibekwe phezu emithambekeni ye abakhwabanisi amanzi, izindawo eziphakeme. Lokhu kungenxa ukuvimbela yokujama tsi yamanzi izimpande zezitshalo.

ukukhula Fundzisisa Actinidia ebonwe esidi wavuma esidi avundiswa ngu organic inhlabathi ukuhlanganiswa. Kodwa kunoma isiphi isimo kufanele ukuqukatha lime. Lesi sitshalo akakubekezeleli lokhu sigqoka. Futhi ngaphansi Actinidia it is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba enze i-calcium chloride.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi nhlobo umhlaba ngemva Actinidia Actinidia. umakhelwane engathandeki simila ngenhla apula. Kungcono ukutshala Actinidia eduze black currant.

Kunoma ikuphi akuvunyelwe ukumba inhlabathi emhlabeni Creeper esihlahleni. Kakhulu esingakwenza ukuqhuba yabadobi ziba ngcono.

Samoplodnye Actinidia zokutshala nokunakekela

Izitshalo zitshalwa entwasahlobo kuya ka-70 cm hole ngamunye balimi ukujula Uyakhuthazwa ukuthi wenze kancane zikamanyolo:. Ngu 10 kg humus kanye evamile amagremu 100 superphosphate. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukufika Actinidia kwenziwe kwentwasahlobo.

Ezansi le kahle, okokuqala udinga ukubeka amanzi, njengokuthi imaphi angasebenza amatshe, ukhonkolo block noma izitini ephukile.

Izitshalo zitshalwa at ibanga 2.5 m. Ngaphambi kokuba atshale zomvini, elisuka wetted ubumba yisikhulumi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi batusa 10-15 izitshalo zesifazane ukutshala elilodwa leduna - impova kangcono.

I-actinides Ukunakekela simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. Ngaphambi izimbali zalisa phosphorus isihlahla Creeper.
2. Autumn fed Actinidia humus, usawoti potassium, superphosphate, futhi ammonium nitrate.
3. semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla Iwusizo izitshalo humus inhlabathi, sawdust noma Peat Umbhede 12 cm.
4. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Actinidia lo ocashile ebusika, ukuvimbela okokuqandisa izitshalo abasha.

Conditions of Actinidia

Lesi sitshalo ngenhla linesizotha, kodwa namanje kutlhoga ukunakwa esithile. Isihlahla umgibeli ukhetha ukuba bakhule ilanga, nakuba umuzwa omuhle, futhi umthunzi.

Actinidia okuqukethwe kwale mibandela elandelayo:

1. Kubalulekile ukwakha usekelo simila.
2. Inike ukuthambisa owengeziwe lapho kushisa khona.
3. Phakathi fruiting inhlabathi bezungeza Creeper isihlahla kugcinwa yifusi.

Izihlahla Actinidia samoplodnye

Lesi senzo asikwazi ukwenziwa:

• ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo;
• ubisi ukugeleza ngesikhathi olunzulu (ngenxa ukulahlekelwa juice simila uba ntekenteke);
• ekupheleni ehlobo (kungabangela izinso evuka nyaka amahlumela).

Isikhathi ekahle izihlahla iyona nkathi emva zom izitshalo. Futhi Actinidia yokukhipha okungadingekile engqondweni kwenziwe ekupheleni kwekwindla. Ngalesi sikhathi kungenzeka mncane out izitshalo, usike amahlumela okuxekethile, susa amathiphu podmerzli we amahlumela.

Izinambuzane nezifo of Actinidia

Lesi sitshalo eziphawulwe ngenhla okunzima kakhulu ukumelana ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Abazalanisi uqaphele lezi zifo ezilandelayo ezingathinta Actinidia:

• amahlamvu fillostiktoz (izindawo ensundu);
• izithelo bola ku amajikijolo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izithelo abathintekayo kanye namahlamvu futhi zishiswe zokunqanda izifo ngenhla.

inkathazo eyingozi Actinidia amakati abathanda ukuziluma amahlumela amasha kanye izimpande ubisi isitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile bok imivini ucingo anezikhala wire, futhi ikhava phezulu.

Ikhalenda umsebenzi on the ukunakekelwa isitshalo ngenhla

Ngakho ukuthi isitshalo yavuleka futhi izithelo ngokwanele ezinhle, kubalulekile isikhathi sifeze umsebenzi ezidingekayo phezu ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa esimweni Actinidia:

1. Ngo-April, ikhava esikhiphekayo labatsha isihlahla bezintaba. Lesi yisikhathi lapho lokubikezela wenziwa Actinidia.
2. Ngo-May, abatshali belulekwa ukondla Creeper esihlahleni by manyolo organic. Futhi kule nyanga, kutuswa hoeing, Ukukhipha inhlabathi emhlabeni Actinidia. Uma kukhona nesomiso kakhulu, abatshali belulekwa ukudicilela nezitshalo amboza phansi ngoMeyi.
3. Ngo-June efiselekayo ukunikeza isitshalo ukuthola lemali edingekile umswakama. Kubalulekile futhi ukuchitha ziba ngcono inhlabathi kancane futhi Ukuhlakula ukhula. Ngalesi sikhathi-ke eyenziwa asikiwe cuttings oluhlaza.
4. Ngo-July, ngaphezu Ukuhlakula ukhula, ukutshalwa kanye neensetjenziswa, kubalulekile tie isitshalo. Kuyadingeka ukuba asuse amahlumela ngokweqile.
5. Ngo sokuvuna Agasti. Ngemva evuna izithelo Kunconywa ukuba zalisa isitshalo amaminirali manyolo organic.
6. Ngo-September, ibuye uya ukuvuna.
7. Ngo-October nango-November ka Actinidia yokukhipha okungadingekile engqondweni kwenziwe, ebanjwa kumiswa isihlahla. Nakuba lesi sitshalo ngenhla futhi ukumelana frost, kubalulekile ukuze uthole wonke ncamashi isihlahla yokukhosela abasha imivini ebusika ukuze kwamakhaza ashubisa umnkantsha.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo Actinidia

Bewazi yini ukuthi:

• e askorbinki okuqukethwe nge izithelo izitshalo ngenhla ongancintisana zasendle kuphela wavuka;
• 1 noma 2 amajikijolo Actinidia ukunikeza umzimba imfuneko nsuku zonke Vitamin C;
• 700 berry izitshalo ngaphezu yonyaka ikhava askorbinku isidingo womuntu;
• ukuze umndeni abantu 4 kwanele ukuba isihlahla bok imivini eyodwa nje ukunikeza ilungu ngalinye i inani lenzalo yonyaka enikezwa vitamin C

Njengoba Actinidia esetshenziswa?

Izithelo izitshalo ngenhla ukukhuthalele ekuphekeni. Ukuvuna kwazo ebusika: okusemathinini yomiswa.

Isithelo Actinidia ukulungiselela sezimoto, ngawakhamela juice, wenze Cocktails. izithelo ngaphezu zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amakhekhe nezinye amaswidi nama-dessert.

Ethandwa kakhulu womile Actinidia noma amagilebhisi seedless, okuyinto ufana ukubukeka kwayo omisiwe amagilebhisi (omisiwe).

Ukuwafaka izithelo Actinidia ochwepheshe batusa ngokungeza citric acid, ifomu njengoba seyihleliwe, bona abe ukunambitheka ne asidi omnene.

Samoplodnye Actinidia - isitshalo esingagcini nje nhle infield, kodwa babuye basinikeze izithelo esihlwabusayo kakhulu futhi ewusizo. Lona nje godsend ngokuba balimi entsha.