"Abafa eduze eMoscow": ukuhlaziya. "Abafa eduze eMoscow" Vorobyov: isifinyezo

On ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe kulotshiwe kakhulu. A indawo ekhethekile izincwadi ngale ndaba, uthatha lo okuthiwa "uLieutenant" noma "emseleni" temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ukuthi uvele-yalolucwaningo 50-60. Isebenza amasosha zangaphambili, okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo siqu asazile yayibonisa ukuphila emseleni bese impi evulekile. imizwa kanye nemicabango yabo ibalulekile kakhulu umfundi, ngoba wabhala mayelana nalokho ayekubonile ngawawo. Phakathi kwabo, indaba Konstantina Vorobeva "Abafa eduze eMoscow," ebhalwe ngo-1961 futhi ngo-e- "Nguqulo Yezwe Elisha" umagazini onyatheliswa ngemva kweminyaka emibili.

Abalobi Frontline beqonda ukubukeka umkhiqizo njengoba umuzwa. Nokho, imibuthano esemthethweni ayenganelisekile nge indlela umbhali esithile ukuze umfanekiso impi. Ngenxa yalokho igama komlobi isikhathi eside ke ngaye ezincwadini Soviet, elaba ngaye buhlungu ngempela. Kuphela in the 80s, ngemva kokufa K. Vorobiev, kuqhame waphinda, kuhlanganise ngokuqondene nenye, imisebenzi ngaphambili lungashicilelwe ku ezempi ephathwayo - "! Kuyinto kithi, Nkosi"

indaba ngokuphila kwakhe

Isiphetho umbhali akakwazi ngokuthi elula. Ngitjho nangaphambi kobana ipi K. Vorobiev, ogama yobuntwana intsha wayichitha le eKursk esifundeni, kwaba eMoscow. Isizathu kwaba ukuthi le nkondlo ebhalwe kuye ukufa Kuibyshev futhi equkethe ayebatshele zona engathandeki mayelana uStalin. Umlobi esizayo waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye umuzi wakubo, okuyinto wamsindisa nemiphumela ngempela nkomoni.

E-Moscow, Vorobiev, njengoba ayephethe ukuphakama 1.83 m futhi inothi ku okukhuluma "abalimi," kwaba phakathi amasosha, zazo kwamiswa inkampani Kremlin. Lesi kwakuyisiqalo zalesi sibhicongo ukuthi zifakwe umsebenzi kamuva "Abafa eduze eMoscow."

Ngo-October 1941, lapho amabutho undlovukayiphikiswa umkhankaso ukuhlaselwa emikhulu enhloko-dolobha, futhi iSoviet zazivame ezungezwe futhi baphoqwa ukuba ashona, babengenakho okuhlangenwe nakho lempi, elokhe ephethe uyisidala ngezibhamu (okufana balwa Okokuqala Umhlaba) amasosha ezincane, kuhlanganise futhi K. Vorobiev, kwathunyelwa phambi. Inselele kubo ecacile - ukuvikela tindlelanchubo eMoscow. Bese - umhlangano endleleni eya phambili nge amabutho NKVD, eklanyelwe ukuqapha bebodwa ngesikhathi sempi; impi yokuqala nesigaxa ngoba iningi abafundi izolo kwakungu zokugcina; isiboshwa, ekugcineni ahlelwe ngempumelelo emva kwemizamo eminingana ukubaleka, komhlaba ekamu yabashokobezi lamabutho kakade kuleli zwe. Konke lokhu okwaba umbhali, bese kuchaziwe bakhe abaneqiniso kakhulu futhi abangabazi ungathandi iziphathimandla netindzaba, esikhathini eside ifinyeleleke ngco kulofundzako.

isifinyezo

"Abafa eduze eMoscow" - indaba emfushane kakhulu (indaba ihlanganisa besikhathi izinsuku 5) sokuhlala maphambili abasha, ebuthaka, abafundi amabili namashumi amane enempilo. ezinhlwini Slender, bonke njengoba ku Ukukhetha, izinsizwa emisebenzini ekuseni wokuhamba ukuze front line. Ziyakwazi babenethemba lokuhle futhi kukhona esimweni yokungenwa ayiphathelene ngoba nezigigaba esizayo. Umfundi kukhasi lokuqala balindelwe mphumela odabukisayo - lokhu kuletha isihloko indaba. Ngempela, ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa eziphilayo kuyoba munye - usemusha futhi isikhulu ongenalwazi Aleksey Yastrebov. Zonke asele 239 amasosha ngeke abulawe eMoscow. Ukuhlaziya izimbangela kwalezi zehlakalo ezimbi futhi kwakheka isisekelo sendaba.

Njengoba uyihlola okuqukethwe umfundi kuziwa esiphethweni obunyantisayo. Empeleni, kwaba esicacile: amasosha abasha cishe esetshenziswa njengoba inganono ifolishi ngokungenisa ukubhubhisa amabutho esitha. Izinkulumo kumbhali mayelana nendlela bathunyelwa ukulwa ngezibhamu, amabhomu amaningi futhi Molotov cocktail - hhayi izibhamu ngokwanele. Ekuqaleni, okubangela izenzo ukucasula ka ngaphezulu izinduna abanolwazi futhi ucwaningo lwabo. Killed eduze eMoscow guys abasha babe amaphutha abo. Ngikhumbula oda isidingo sokuba siphumele kunesiphithiphithi wathumela wasendlunkulu abekho ukuma. Ngenxa yalokho, ngesikhathi ukuhlenga izingane lalahleka Ryumin induna ibutho, kuzo zonke ejwayele oda, azange abathembe yokudlulisela kwakhe ngomlomo ngokusebenzisa i fighter engaziwa, futhi balindele isiqinisekiso esibhaliwe. Futhi inkolelo engamanga yokuthi maduzane azowalekelela zifika, okuyinto ukubeka izimpilo abafana amabili namashumi amahlanu cishe bengahlomile e ukuncika labo asenesikhathi eside kwakungelula ukunquma isiphetho ngabantu abaningi.

Umlando kumiswa umuntu Alekseya Yastrebova

I protagonist noveli K. Vorobyov "Abafa eduze eMoscow" - a uLieutenant abasha, emasontweni amabili edlule iwine isihloko wathumela lokuyala ku ibutho of amasosha. Umfundi iba ubufakazi ukuthi kunzima kangakanani uyahamba Mougins Alexei Yastrebova. Isikhundla esisha wamupha kanzima, imiyalo yakhe yokuqala unikeza ikhala izwi ingaqiniseki futhi njalo Liyaqalaqalaza, uzakubona eduze umngane nakho okwengeziwe, yiziphi umlawuli regimental kanye instructor zezombusazwe Ryumin anisimov. Ngaye, ngaso sonke isikhathi sokuqala - lokhu ligcizelela Konstantin Vorobyov. "Abafa eduze eMoscow" - indaba ngezenzakalo, usitshelani-ke ngamaphathi kumiswa ezingokomoya uhlamvu. Ngaphambi amehlo ngendlela abafundi abaphumelela ngayo umfundi futhi impi ngokuzumayo zenzeka. Futhi ukubulala wokuqala German lapho Alex okwamanje akaboni isitha, kodwa indoda (umqondo isitha kuyofika kamuva, ngenxa abanolwazi). Futhi umfundi ukwethuka, bezama phansi ngomzamo ukubaleka. Ekuqaleni, yena waba ezihlobene imbuka uLieutenant, njengoba oKlebe akazange Ngokushesha uyaqaphela ukuthi yena ngokwakhe okwamanje liziphatha ngendlela efanayo njengoba uzama ukubaleka. Akucaci, nokuthi umfundi angase abuze Yastrebova ukudubula kwakhe - bekuzoba ilondolozwe kusuka kungenzeka bamba. Kuphela emva kwesikhashana ULindani uyobe baqonde futhi bazi iqiniso lokuthi, lapho sibhekene nokufa, indoda iba ababuthakathaka futhi uyakwazi izinto ngaphambili okubangelwa uzomlahla: ukubulala umngani noma wena, abaleke noma ukufihla ngomzamo azivikele. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi Ukufa kwanoma iyiphi abafundi elingenacala kwaba umphumela izinqumo ezithathwe khona, eMoscow, lapho amadoda omdala, amaningi awo ayengaqondi ongazazi impi uqobo, wathumela kalula ukuba kokufa kwamadodana "yabo".

Ngakho, lo nokuvuthwa ngokwengqondo hero esikhungweni kwendaba - ukuthi kuyasiza ukuqonda ukuhlaziya yayo. "Abafa eduze eMoscow" - umkhiqizo esiyingqayizivele ngoba kusenza sicabange hhayi kuphela mayelana nezinto ezethusayo wobushiqela, kodwa futhi ku indima eyadlalwa kumcimbi kwenzeka umuntu futhi uhlelo athuthukile eSoviet Union.

okwangempela Vorobyova

Enye inzuzo yokuhamba kwesikebhe inoveli (it is ngazwi linye neyaziwayo umbhali nebutho), ngoba ibonisa impi kusuka ngaphakathi, ngaphandle isicwebezelisi futhi ufuna okuthile bahlobise. Ngenxa yalokho, maduze ngemuva kokushicilelwa ngo-1963, indaba "babulawa eduze eMoscow" isikhathi eside kwaba phakathi imikhiqizo akuvumelekile.

Kuyini okwangempela komlobi ukuvela ngomfanekiso empini?

Okokuqala, umfundi uvezwa abantu abavamile: ukungabaza nokwesaba kwabo, besambathekile nokuphelelwa ithemba. Indlela ababeziphethe ngayo ezikhathini lwempi ngokwemvelo: alinamandla okuzisiza ushintshe noma yini, futhi ngokuvamile abaqondi ngokuphelele ukuthi kwenzekani. Imizwa kucace kuwo wonke umuntu - ukwesaba ukufa, isifiso bazivikele - akusho kunganciphisa uquketheni guys abasha, futhi unaka ngokukhethekile ukuba Konstantin Vorobyov. "Abafa eduze eMoscow" - le ncwadi akuyona kulabo, njengoPawulu, uMajor General Pereverzev, waklebhula off timphawu yakhe futhi ezama ukubaleka. Balingisi Her - abantu, uyazi ngokwayo ingxenye yesizwe esikhulu, komshikashika yokukhululwa ezweni lenkaba yawo. Umqondo sokuqala empini libe yindawo migilingwane esikhundleni kweso wavuthwa abafana ukuqaphela inhlekelele jikelele balahleke buhlungu kakhulu kuye ukuba ethule nokuphila okunokuthula.

Naturalistically edonswa isiqephu umbhali nge unyawo edabukile ebhuthini, kuqala njengesimangaliso kunoma Alexei: Ubani akubeke lapho? Futhi okwamanje akunakwenzeka ukhohlwe ukuhlupheka wabalimele esiswini futhi wafa Anisimova, yayilokhu ithi, "Sika ...", emva kwakhe, phezu ijazi lakhe, "ezingqubuzanayo ezaziyaluzisa ikhoyili zokuthile uyaphila" - bezibona lika-Alexis. Kubonakala sengathi kusuka emakhasini noveli K. Vorobyov uthi kwaba yilelo nalelo butho wabulawa eduze eMoscow.

Indima belwa ngomshini elihamba Ibutho

Omunye umlingiswa, kubalulekile ukuqonda inhloso yombhali - uCaptain Rumin, okuyinto kusukela ekuqaleni kwaba abafundi yisibonelo. Futhi ngempela kuyavumelana ukuphendukela lokho kwakufanele kube isiphathimandla yangempela. Ezinye abafundi bangase isiqephu udidekile edolobhaneni. Kungani Ryumin kwakudingeka bahlanganyele ulwa lutho ukuthi ngeke akwazi ukushintsha into, ngoba isiphetho inkampani esasizobhujiswa? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ulula empeleni. Ryumin uyaqaphela ukuthi abangaphansi kwakhe abangu esasizobhujiswa, futhi ubanikeza ithuba uzizwa ukufa wangempela amasosha. Ngempela, kwafika abafundi emphini esekhulile, ukuzizwa ukuzibandakanya siqu kulondolozwa isizwe. Abenzi lutho ememeza iziqubulo elikhulu, kodwa ngokugcwele injabulo wokunqoba yakhe yokuqala. Kungaba wagomela ukuthi umuzwa ezifana Babulala, ngulowo lalowo amasosha eduze eMoscow, njengoba kwakuwusuku ukuzivikela yenhloko-dolobha - inhliziyo izwe lokuzalwa kwakhe.

Isimo sokugcina indaba

Ikhasi lokugcina wokufundwayo isebenza kanzima. Umfundi ababona indlela ngokunganaki, ukuphupha mayelana ubuqhawe wabafana izinsuku ezinhlanu wavuthwa futhi Uba yindoda yangempela, indlela entsha ukuhlola ngokwabo kanye namaqabane. U-Aleksey Yastrebov, owabona imiphefumulo eminingi kanjani wafa Ryumin, uyaqaphela udla ukufa Molotov futhi odlula ukuze ethangini. Kuleli qophelo, akesabi ukufa kwenza feat kanye zokuphola nje, ngaphandle kokucabanga ngaso. Ngakho intengo wokunqoba attained, okuyinto ngeke akubone amasosha abulawe eduze eMoscow. nkumbulo omfushane Alexei endlini bomdabu kakhokho wakhe ngomzuzwana inyinyekile ngaye yinye, futhi esikhathini esidlule nezamanje. Manje livula ezinye, akaqhutshwa ngaphambi iqiniso ngokuthi kungani konke kwenziwa. Okuholela isipiliyoni izinsuku 5 washintsha ngokuphelele umbono wakhe, njengoba kubonakala isihluku inakekelwe enhliziyweni yakhe inzondo ngoba isitha.

Uphiko ngokwengqondo umkhiqizo

Indawo ebalulekile indaba K. Vorobyov "Abafa eduze eMoscow" matasa monologues engaphakathi abasha Alexei Yastrebova nabanokuhlangenwe nakho okwengeziwe inkampani umkhuzi uCaptain Rumin, baya bazi angabhekani nosizi lokukhulelwa isimo futhi kusolwa yena ukuthi kwenzekani. Kugcine waletha party futhi isetshenziselwe ancike izibalo theory. Wayekholelwa ukuthi ayengase akwazi ukukulawula isimo, kodwa ngokushesha uyaqaphela ukuthi yonke imibono yakhe kwenzakala kohliso. Ryumin wehluleka le wahlushwa unembeza futhi bazibulala. Kwakungelona iphutha lakhe ukuthi konke lokhu kwenzeka, kodwa lapho lakhipha isinqumo. Ikakhulukazi Kuyaphawuleka-ke ngamazwi okucina yenduna, abamelela ibangelwa ukuthi kwenzekani kweqiniso: "Bastard! Phela, kwase ukusikhombisa ngaphezulu Spain! "Zinikeza egqame bha uStalin. Ngokwesibonelo, e-ukuthuthukiswa yezenzo kanye nezinguquko sinesimo sengqondo induna, njengoba kufakazelwa izenzo zakhe, ukuhlolwa okwenzekayo, ukucabangisisa ukuhlaziywa. "Abafa eduze eMoscow" - umsebenzi obonisa indlela abantu mpi evivinywa zobuntu. Lapha ngesikhathi esisodwa kuba sobala ukuthi singobani.

Le nguqulo yokuqala ye siphetfo sendzaba

isikhathi esingakanani has ke: imizuzu noma amahora ambalwa - Alex kabaqedisisanga. Waphaphama lokho wahudulwa ethuneni zandla ezinamandla, futhi wezwa phezu kwekhanda ulimi German kanye uhleko enobungane. "... emuva nendawo emzimbeni lapho amaJalimane wakhahlela ukuqalisa wakhe, sekuyisikhathi eside efudumele futhi ejabulisayo ..." U-Alex wavuka wabona evutha kushe, okuyinto zazifihliwe ukuhlala amasosha uyaphila. Le nguqulo sokuqala ukuphela kwendaba "babulawa eduze eMoscow." Ukuhlaziywa kwe-yokugcina - kuphakanyiswe ukuba umbhali ukuba baguqule lokho, wenze okuhle ngendlela engakholeki ngaphezulu - kuholela esiphethweni kanjani okubuhlungu kwakungenxa ngenyanga yokuqala impi yezwe Soviet. Kodwa kwakumane nje endaweni yokugcina. Vorobiev wakholwa ukuthi version yokugcina umkhiqizo engengaphansi kubonakala usizi aba nalo lapho lokho okwadingeka abhekane nazo ngaphambili "zifiki". Ikakhulukazi ukuthi u-Alexei ubalekile esihogweni, wayeba ngomunye umuntu ngokuphelele: lukhuni, kakhulu ukuba uhlaziye ukuthi angabavikela labo kwakuxhomeke kuye. Vula isiphetho kusikisela umphumela kuyadida imicimbi, kodwa ishiya ngethemba lokuthi iqhawe zaziyoqhubeka ukwazi ukubaleka, futhi kuyoba nesandla ukunqoba.

inoveli Meaning

Humanism, isibopho ubuqhawe, ukwakheka umuntu wesintu, zibhekane nemiphumela yezenzo zazo, ikhono ukuzwelana kanye ukuqonda enye - akulula kulezi imiqondo emsebenzini wakhe uthi K. Vorobyov. "Abafa eduze eMoscow" - indaba emfushane mayelana isiqephu kusukela lempilo umlobi, uhlobo isixwayiso, okuyinto documentary, ezimweni ezithile ngisho uhlamvu confessional. Kwenzekani forties esabekayo - kuyinto umcondvo lobalulekile umbhali - akumelwe sikhohlwe noma kunjalo.

Izici "temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba lieutenants '

Imisebenzi ezidalwe 50-60s, azisafani ezalotshwa phakathi nempi noma ngokushesha ngemva kokuba. Lezi ngo-ejulile analysis sengezwe incazelo izenzakalo. "Abafa eduze eMoscow" - hhayi ngaphandle. V. Astafjevs waphawula ukuthi indaba ayikwazi ukufunda ufana nje akasakwazi abashiye ubani nandaba. Kusukela izibhakela zakhe kukhona onomfutho futhi kukhona isifiso eyodwa kuphela: ukuze lokhu akusoze kwenzeka futhi. Kuyinto ukuqashelwa ukuthi K. Vorobiev bakwazi ukubonisa ngokugcwele unya nesimo esinjalo, yenza abantu cabanga ngokuthi singakanani kuyinto ukuphila komuntu. Nokho - ukuchaza indima empini wonke amabutho ezazinesimo sengqondo kukho, ezihlanganisa isimo kanye nezikhulu zayo.