Zezindiza ezinkulu kakhulu e-Moscow

Moscow zezindiza zitholakala komunye nomunye kude kude, ukwakha umkhumbi izungeze lo muzi. Kuyinto elula kakhulu izakhamuzi nezivakashi. abantu Modern abazazisayo isikhathi sabo futhi ngokushesha ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu eya kwelinye, eziningi ziye zanquma ukuba izinkonzo zokuthutha izindiza.

Moscow zezindiza. Amagama kwekulu

Lapho Ballooning nje sekuqala ukuvela ngo-1910, bavela okokuqala sezindiza eMoscow. Manje inhlokodolobha kukhona zezindiza lapho kahle ukusebenzisa umyalezo ngamazwe. It Vnukovo futhi Ostafyevo. Muscovites nezivakashi futhi ujabulele amasevisi ezinkulu emoyeni ezikhumulweni esifundeni laseMoscow: Domodedovo, Chkalovsky, Sheremetyevo.

Isikhumulo sezindiza eyinhloko esifundeni eMoscow ezibhekwa ukuba kube amathathu ngobukhulu: Sheremetyevo, Domodedovo futhi Vnukovo. Iningi izindiza ezifuywayo kwezilwandle abakhonza kuwo. La maphuzu kakhulu athuthukile ingqalasizinda. zezindiza eMoscow anawo abagibeli ukudla yesimanje izinto noma isiphi isigaba kanye ezingeni, amakamelo ukulinda, amaphuzu contact, yabagibeli, izitolo, yokupaka, amahhotela ngesikhathi. Izikhungo lapha oluhambisana yaseYurophu izinga. Abagibeli abanokukhubazeka enakekelwa iNhlangano amasevisi ekhethekile.

Sheremetyevo

Uma uya ku-uhambo, wonke umuntu uzama oyi-ukhetha indlela, ukukhonza izivakashi kanye ezokuthutha izinkampani. Yiziphi ethandwa kakhulu phakathi izivakashi eMoscow zezindiza? Uhlu kuvula Sheremetyevo. Lokhu esibulalayo kubhekwa omunye nqampuna umhlabeleli yesevisi eYurophu. Esimatasa kufakwe phezulu 20 emhlabeni wonke. Isikhumulo sezindiza Indawo - enyakatho-ntshonalanga yenhloko-dolobha, Khimki wesifunda, 11 km kusuka eMoscow Ring Road, 28 km kusuka eMoscow. Kwafika igama edolobhaneni, okuyinto eduze ujantshi Savelovsky. izigodi azungezile kwakungekaNkulunkulu Bala Sheremetyev kuze 1917.

Ngo-1953, evulekile kuqala lo msebenzi, okuyinto ke ngokuphindaphindiwe lalungiswa. Namuhla, ububanzi amamitha angu-60, ubude - 3550 amamitha. Evulekile yesibili lakhiwa ngo-1976. Ngemva kabusha 2008 ububanzi balo buyizingalo amamitha 60 kanye nobude - 3700. Le sezindiza ngakwazi ukwenza okunjalo imikhumbi enamandla efana Dream liner B-787 futhi Airbus-380.

Ngo-1959, Khrushchev, ayebuye London, wakujabulela ubuhle Intl. Ngemva kokufika entsha sezindiza Lasemoyeni, ikhanda baqala ukukhuluma ngesidingo ukwakha sezindiza efanayo kule ndawo. Lokhu kwabonakala isimemezelo. Kakade ngo-1957 lapho lahlelwa Sheremetyevo Airport. Ngo-August kweLeningrad babe umgibeli Tu-134 waphasiswa. Ngo-1960 AEROCOMPLEX kakade wathola isimo ngamazwe. Eminyakeni 70 lapha ngonyaka ukhonza abangaba yisigidi abagibeli. Isikhumulo sezindiza kwakuwumsebenzi wokuhumusha omkhulu kunayo kuleli zwe. Ngo-1985, leli nani lase kakade uvukile abantu abayizigidi ezingu-3.5 ngonyaka. Isakhiwo njalo olusha, ezikhumulweni entsha kwakhiwa.

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-21 leminyaka th kwanqunywa ukuba ujoyine Belarusian w / sesitimela esikhumulweni sezindiza, esinikela komkhawulokudonsa okukhulu. Ngo-2008, ngo- esiteshini Savelovsky avunyelwe Aeroexpress, wanika ithuba ukuya esikhumulweni sezindiza emaminithini angu-35 nje kuphela. manje Sheremetyevo ihlela ukwakhiwa wesithathu wama-CDW ufaka, okuholela yonyaka umgibeli traffic kuzokhulisa abantu abayizigidi ezingu-64 ngonyaka.

Domodedovo

Ebala imishikashika zezindiza eMoscow, kuyafaneleka enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu - Domodedovo sezindiza esigungwini. Ifakiwe ezinhlwini phezulu 20 ka esimatasa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngo umgibeli traffic eRussia ayephambili. Isebenza ezindaweni 240 nezinkampani ezingu-80. Ayisebenzi itholakala eningizimu-mpumalanga, 45 km kusuka dolobha 22 km kusuka eMoscow Ring Road. Usuku ezisemthethweni lokuzalwa sezindiza ubhekwa usuku kokuphothulwa ukwakhiwa yayo - April 7, 1962 Njengoba 1963, lapha iphutha yezokuthutha leposi, ukuqeqeshwa izindiza.

Ukundiza umgibeli sokuqala senzeka ngo-1964 Sverdlovsk. I 1962nd inkonzo umgibeli sasikhathi sonke. Isimo wezizwe Domodedovo sezindiza kwaba ngo-1992. Ngo-1997, ngonyaka umgibeli traffic lenyuka abantu abayizigidi ezingu-4.5. Ngo-2000 wenza Ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo okuphelele esigungwini. Kusukela 2004 kuya 2008, lapho enwetshiwe umgibeli esigungwini. I 2011th Domodedovo sezindiza eziyinkimbinkimbi wayebhekwa njengoba best eMpumalanga Yurophu.

Vnukovo

Vnukovo Airport likhona uhlu "Iningi eMoscow zezindiza ezinkulu." He is esiseduzane edolobheni, 10 km kusuka eMoscow Ring Road, 28 km eningizimu-ntshonalanga uma usuka enkabeni. Inzuzo yayo ukuthi sise 205 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Lokhu kuwusizo lapho lihlala sezulu esibi. Ngo yenkungu yenkungu, ukuphela sesimweni ezisizayo. Vnukovo International Airport has isimo bophezela kokubili yizimpahla namasevisi umgibeli.

Usebenza sezindiza kusukela ezinsukwini neMpi Yezwe II, kwakukhona amabutho eyinhloko YaseMoscow Aviation. Ngemva kwempi, ngo-1945, lapha ke washukumiseleka ukuba sezindiza esikhulu sokuya empini. Kusukela 1976 kuya ku-1980 umgibeli traffic safinyelela kubantu abayizigidi ezingu-30. Kakade Ngo-2001, sezindiza wathola isimo ngamazwe.

Ukuthola lapho

sezindiza ngobukhulu eMoscow, amakheli aziwa zonke, kukhona ngaphakathi ukufinyelela okulula ukuthutha abagibeli. Lapho uhamba, iningi libhekene ezinye ukucindezeleka, ukwesaba wokufika ngemva kwesikhathi i-izindiza, izitimela. Njengoba yaziwa, enhlokodolobha yesimanje elakhiwe eziningi isiminyaminya, okungase bame amahora ngesikhathi. Yingakho abantu abaningi baphendukela amasevisi ngomshoshaphansi. It engafinyelelwa kwamaminithi ambalwa ngaphansi komhlaba ukuze sezindiza.

• Sheremetyevo. Eliseduze metro station - "Umfula Station". Kusuka lapho ebhasini. Enye - metro station "Belorusskaya" Aeroexpress kusukela Belorussky sesitimela ushiye zonke ingxenye yehora. Thola imizuzu 35.
• Domodedovo. Metro "Domodedovo" Shuttle esiqala esiteshini. Enye - metro station "Paveletskaya" esiteshini Paveletsky 1 ihora nemizuzu engu-15 uthathe Aeroexpress.
• Vnukovo. Metro "South West" ke amabhasi kanye namatekisi. Enye - Kiev sesitimela. Ngakho njalo ngehora wathumela Aeroexpress. Endleleni uzochitha ihora isikhathi.