Zavidovsky Reserve: izici National Park

Minyaka yonke sithola amaqiniso futhi mnandi okuphathelene nelizwe lethu. Futhi namhlanje esihlokweni Bayokhuluma kwenye ekhoneni emangalisayo yeRussia. Zavidovsky reserve itholakala cishe 150 ukusuka enhlokodolobha. Le ndawo eyingqayizivele ngoba ifaka kahulumeni yokulondoloza imvelo, kanye yokuhlala ezweni umongameli. eziyinkimbinkimbi State "Zavidovo" isendaweni osebeni Lama futhi Shosha emfuleni futhi eduze Ivankovo Reservoir noma, njengoba zibizwa kanjalo, yoLwandle eMoscow. Ngokuvamile, imingcele Zavidovsky Reserve Itholakala eMoscow Tver esifundeni.

inhlangano yomphakathi

I yokuhlala umengameli wethu "Rus" itholakala ngaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ihlanganisa indawo amahektheli 15 nengxenye. It sakhiwa ezihlukahlukene amahhotela, base abazingeli, amachibi eziningi futhi ama-sauna, kanye esiteshini isikebhe kanye nezakhiwo kwenjongo kwezomnotho.

Lesi sakhiwo main kuyinto nesakhiwo sokuhlala esinezitezi ezimbili. It has namafasitela amakhulu, iziko ngaphakathi. Ngaphakathi imele i-oak ifenisha, okuyinto imodeli ifenisha art nekhulu lamashumi amabili. Kukhona ehhotela nge nezikhulu ezinezikhundla eziphezulu. amafulethi womsebenzi ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Zavidovsky Reserve yindawo ekuhlolwa okuzingela, amachibi ezimbili ukubhukuda, izinkantolo eziningana ithenisi namachibi amabili yokufakelwa.

Isakhiwo omkhulu

Endaweni yonke epaki mkhulu - 25 000 kuphela amahektha. Zavidovsky Reserve has inqwaba kwezilwane. okuqukethwe kwabo kwamukelekile ngenxa usayizi vynushitelnym base reserve and kukho ezihlukahlukene ngezizathu. Izazi zezinto eziphilayo kanye kwemvelo kule akhawunti epaki 33 kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi, naye wafundelwa 11 zilwane ezihuquzelayo nezilwane eziphila ezweni. Phakathi izinyoni eqoshiwe cishe 200, zazo 163 isidleke paki. Phakathi ezincelisayo kubonakala ezingaphezu kwezingu-40 zezinhlanzi. Nasi nezilwane ocebile kuleli paki. Ososayensi bazi ukuthi Zavidovsky yesayensi reserve ebona futhi waba izilwane ezinkulu ekhaya. Kulezi zindawo, ungakwazi ngokuvamile ukuthola izingulube. Futhi emahlathini kuhlala amaphiva, izinyamazane. Kuthiwa ngisho ezivamile brown bear, ama-lynx, mink European, Izimbila futhi Otter. Esikhathini Ivankovo kwesigubhu amumethe izinhlanzi. Ichthyologists kulolu lwandle thola zidala Pike futhi carp. Ziyakwazi ezingavamile Tver esifundeni, izinhlanzi etholakale inombolo uthola starlet, nase nabanye.

Provenance

Zavidovsky Reserve waqala ukwakha ngisho nangaphambi 1917. Ngesikhathi eyisakhamuzi yakhe kwaba uConstantine ukuzingela club. Kepha engasekude edolobhaneni Kozlov. Lezi ngezizathu yayithandwa kakhulu phakathi abazingeli eMoscow. Omunye wabanikazi Cottages ukuzingela wayecebile eyaziwa Savva Morozov. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili kuleli paki uVladimir Lenin bathandile ukuzingela. Ngo emzaneni othiwa Shosha is namanje walondoloza endlini wahlala khona. Ngemva kulwiwa phansi uvele Zavidovsky abazingela umphakathi wezempi. Bahlela le commissars futhi balawuli iRed Army.

Ukuguqulwa komhlaba kanye amapulazi

Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, okuwukuthi ngo-1931 Zavidovsky Reserve unikwe isimo Ukuzingela lempi ngokusemthethweni. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-10, ubusika buka-1941 ngokusebenzisa Zavidovo umkhawulo wadlula front line. Ngakho, emazweni ethu neMpi yabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Esiqiwini lancipha futhi. Ngo-August 1951 ngomyalo Iosifa Stalina umnotho kwadingeka ababezobulawa. Konke okwakungokukaSawuli emazweni Zavidovo, lidlule ku ubunikazi Kozlovsky indwangu endaweni yokukhanda. Insimu futhi imingcele kwepaki iminyaka eminingi wasala engasenabo ukunakwa nokulawula, ngakho abazingela ngokungemthetho kwaqala ukonakalisa umdlalo. Ngemva 1953, Stalin efa, izikhulu zezwe lethu yabuye yaqala alulame ucwaningo futhi ipulazi zokuhlola "Zavidovo". UNikita Khrushchev Sinqume ukudala ukuboniswa amapulazi ambalwa. Ngakho, ngo-1971 esiqiwini uthola isimo esiqiwini isimo i-USSR.

Eminyakeni 60-70, "Zavidovo" wawuyikomkhulu uhulumeni Nikity Hruscheva futhi leonid uBrezhnev. Kuyinto endaweni bathanda. Ziyakwazi khona hhayi kuphela ukuze uphumule kodwa futhi ukuze bachithe leso sikhathi namanye ababusi bakwamanye amazwe. UNobhala Chief wase-USSR umeme abaholi we anobuhlobo lamaKhomanisi amaqembu, chancellors, semashi, ondunankulu, zezinkanyezi kanye abalobi for ezihlukahlukene ezindabeni zezombangazwe.

Ngo-February 1992, owokuqala uMongameli Russian Boris Yeltsin ngaphambilini ukudalwa isimo eziyinkimbinkimbi esekelwe ngezizathu ukuzingela "Zavidovo". Nale isixazululo, "Zavidovo" waqala ukulalela isevisi federal nokuvikeleka. Ngo-August 1996, walibumba yokuhlala uMongameli Russian epaki ngaphansi kwegama "Rus". Ngemva kabusha eminyakeni 90 khona njalo babeqhuba imihlangano ahlukahlukene zokubonisana kanye nezingxoxo kaMengameli Boris Yeltsin nesiJalimane Shansela Helmut Kohl. Lezi amazwe ukuwo kudlalwé iCanada, iJapane, kanye nabaholi ehlukahlukene phesheya. Ngesikhathi kubusa umbuso uVladimir Putin e-"Zavidovo" ukuwo kudlalwé UK nase-Italy. Ngo-2002, lesi liyindawo enkulu ukuvakashela King of Spain. Futhi Dmitry Medvedev ekuyi umhlangano noNgqongqoshe Cuba Raulem Kastro. Uhlu izivakashi ezidumile akagcini: uMongameli Tajikistan, Belarus ne-Armenia futhi wavakashela Zavidovsky Reserve. Ucingo Reserve kanye zokuhlala oluthathwa.