Yisikhumbuzo eziyinkimbinkimbi "Khatyn": umlando, incazelo umzila

Isakhiwo ayisikhumbuzo "Khatyn" e Minsk esifundeni Belarus namuhla omunye ezikhumbuzo ebaluleke kakhulu seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili.

Mfushane Umlando

ESikhumbuzweni ngo Khatyn - intela kuya Belarusians izigidi ezintathu owafa ngesikhathi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. The Ensemble itholakala 54 ukusuka enyakatho-mpumalanga Minsk Belarus.

Ngaphambi ebulalayo 1943 Khatyn kwaba evamile emzaneni Belarusian enyakatho-mpumalanga Minsk. Kodwa ngo-March 22, 1943 ngemva abashokobezi ngokudubula kweSoviet futhi amaNazi, okwakuwuphawu isikhulu German wabulawa, amabutho esitha ezungezwe emzaneni.

Lihlome amaJalimane avala wonke umuntu kulelo dolobhana engotsheni enkulu, bese ngomlilo. Ngalolo suku, ashiswa ephila ngabantu 160, phakathi kwabo izingane 75. Ngalolusuku esabekayo asindisa wakhulula abantu 6. Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka Iosif Kaminský oneminyaka engu-56 ubudala. Wakwazi ukuthola ngokufa kwendodana yakhe walimaza sika kodwa akazange ukuphatha ongazihlwitha ezandleni. Wayephethe ichashazi nilimaza esiswini, kanye ukusha eziningi.

Umlando emzaneni, okuyinto manje eziyinkimbinkimbi ayisikhumbuzo "Khatyn" akuyona into engavamile. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II izakhamuzi zasemadolobhaneni 628 nasemadolobheni amancane waseBelarus babeshiswa bephila kanzima ngamaNazi. Kuqondane nokuthi 186 nemizana ohlwini asizange sitholakale.

iziphathimandla zaseSoviet yamisa "Khatyn" isikhumbuzo ngemva kwempi kusayithi wangaphambili kwalesi sigodi. Yakhiwa ezisenkumbulweni bonke labo ababhubha ezweni Belarusian. Eyokwakha lesikhumbuzo we 185 nemizana unreduced ke kwalethwa inhlabathi. Ngakho sidalwe emathuneni ongokomfanekiso.

Ngakho, Khatyn baba emzaneni 186th - endaweni le emathuneni esabekayo. Yingakho le ndawo isibe omunye nezikhumbuzo ezibalulekile kakhulu ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union.

Uyini "Khatyn" eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo namuhla?

Kuvulwa yesikhumbuzo senzeka ngo-July 5, 1969. Wayengumuntu nse kusakhiwo kwalesi sigodi wangaphambili.

Ngo maphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi imele-imitha eziyisithupha zethusi esifanekisweni ngokuthi "Indoda Ngokwedelela" - intela Iosifu Kaminskomu nendodana yakhe. Uma ngiyibheka, izivakashi eziyinkimbinkimbi uzizwe nenzondo ubuhlungu. At the site esibayeni, okuyinto walishisa hatyntsy efakwe black ophahleni metal, okuyinto yayithola okusanhlamvu okuningi. ithuna elivamile ne ongokomfanekiso Wreath inkumbulo eduze kwayo lapho kukhona izwi esibhekiswe file nga fudumele.

Ngokusho kwamaphepha lokusinda kuyaziwa ukuthi e Katyn kwakukhona izindlu ezingu-26. Architects esizeni amakhaya kudilizwe eyakhelwe isidumbu umqhele, ngaphakathi kwalo kukhona Obelisk, kepha efaniswe ngefasitele, okuyinto phezu insimbi. Ukuthula Khatyn ensimini kwephula hhayi kuphela icula, kodwa futhi ngehora isikhumbuzi izinsimbi mayelana izenzakalo ezimbi-March 22, 1943.

Ukuze emzaneni ongokomfanekiso emathuneni kufanele nemizana zishiswe. Yilapho-ke waletha isitsha nge umhlaba kusukela 185 nemizana unrestored. Budebuduze kubo lamiswao "udonga ngenxa yosizi." Wenziwe ukhonkolo block nge niches yasekuqaleni. Bahlela ipuleti esiyisikhumbuzo ne amagama ngobukhulu amakamu okufa nezindawo lapho abantu abayinani elingavamile bafa ngobuningi.

Yisikhumbuzo Khatyn eziyinkimbinkimbi, isithombe ongawabona ngezansi, endaweni inkumbulo uphela. Ngesikhathi inhliziyo sikhule izihlahla ezintathu birch ezazifanekisela ukuphila. At the site-birch wesine okuphakade ilangabi ukusha. Eduze "Isihlahla Sokuphila", lapho uhlu 433 ezigodini. Uma ayobe eshisiwe kubahlaseli. Nokho, ngemva kwempi yaba se kabusha.

Ngo-2004, lesikhumbuzo waba kabusha.

Isakhiwo ayisikhumbuzo "Khatyn": kanjani lapho?

Ayikho into elukhuni ukukwenza Akubalulekile uvakashele le sayithi mlando. Vele uye ku edeskini ukuvakasha kanye ithikithi lokuthenga. Inzuzo lolu hambo ngeke ukuthi yonke indlela ngeke be bored, ngoba isiqondiso uzokutshela ngezenzakalo izimpi phezu kwezwe Belarusian.

Kukhona enye indlela esingathola - uhambo ngemoto. Kulokhu, kufanele uye emgwaqeni omkhulu M3 (Minsk-Vitebsk). Kudlulwa ke, phezu ikhilomitha wama-54 uzothola pointer ukuba igama eziyinkimbinkimbi "Khatyn". Yilandeleni ngokusebenzisa 5 km uyofinyelela izindawo inkumbulo nosizi.

Ngesikhathi eziyinkimbinkimbi ayisikhumbuzo "Khatyn" ikheli, ajwayelekile kithi, akukho. Kufanele ugxile endleleni uma ufuna zokuhlala.

imodi

Ngokushesha Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi usuku off - ngoMsombuluko. Kulabo abafisa vakashela mbukiso documentary isithombe, sicela uqaphele ukuthi kuvula ngo 10:30 ekuseni futhi siqede umsebenzi wakhe 16:00.

inkonzo Trip izivakashi iqala ngesikhathi esifanayo, kodwa ugcina ihora ngaphambili, okusho ukuthi 15:00.

Ithikithi yokungena abafundi kubiza ruble 5. Amathikithi kwezinye izigaba sabantu - ruble 8.

isiphetho

Khatyn - iwubufakazi obengeziwe izenzakalo ezimbi kakhulu ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. izingane zanamhlanje odinga ukukwazi futhi khumbula lezi zenzakalo eziyinhlekelele. Abanye abameleli zombusazwe elaliyiSoviet Union ukufuna ukuvikela ubugebengu okubi kakhulu iJalimane lamaNazi. Umphakathi wanamuhla akufanele wamukele lesi umbono! Phela, ukubukwa amaNazi futhi neo-nobuNazi akasoze okungaletha ngayo ukuthula emhlabeni.

Yazi umlando nezingane zabo, ngoba isifundo sakhe ukuze ukuba singenzi amaphutha yesikhathi esidlule!