VL10, esitimela: izithombe, incazelo, iyunithi

VL10 - kagesi lamanje ngqo ezikhiqizwa e-USSR, senzelwe kokubili yizimpahla nomgibeli traffic. It yadalwa ngesikhathi Tbilisi kanye Novocherkassk Electric esitimela Plant kusukela ngo-1961 kuya ku-1977 .. Igama elithi "VL" esitimela kagesi yethiwa uVladimir Lenin, futhi "10" umbhalo ongezansi kubonisa uhlobo yayo. Kusukela maphakathi nawo-70s kwekhulu elidlule yaba isikhungo esiyinhloko VL10 yizimpahla kagesi kwezitimela USSR. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kwakunguye owayehola imodeli oyisilomo ekilasini yayo, futhi liye laba isisekelo for izinguqulo ezizayo VL11 futhi VL12. Kulesi sihloko, sizobe sesibheka idivayisi VL10 esitimela kagesi kanye nomlando wayo.

prehistory

onobuhle Electric VL8 ekuqaleni kwawo-1970 ayisekho nezimfuno nanini nyuka embonini ujantshi e-USSR. Babefanele izinjini ababuthakathaka (Imininingwane 525 kW), kanzima entwasahlobo ukumiswa, amaloli esindayo futhi gumbi inomsindo kakhulu.

Februwari 9, 1960 sivunyiwe by isimiso lobuchwepheshe ukuklama esitimela entsha kagesi. Abaklami Project baye basungula Bureau olukhethekile Tbilisi esitimela kagesi isitshalo. Ekupheleni kuka-1960, lo msebenzi ngaphansi edingidwayo nguMkhandlu IPU. Ukukhiqizwa imodeli lokuqala lalibizwa kuphelelwe kuya iminyaka engu-40 ye-kusungulwa umbuso sezenhlalo eGeorgia. Sekuyisikhathi cabanga VL10 kudivayisi esitimela.

mechanical ingxenye

Electric kwadingeka nomzimba ezimbili ucezu, esigabeni ngasinye eyayisekelwe yebhangqa bogies dvuhvostnyh abane side ball amalunga omzimba. Umzimba Uhlaka ukhonza ukudlulisa traction nokuhlale unyathela amabhuleki, amandla. Esigabeni zonke izinhlobo imishini kagesi kanye namadivayisi kagesi ngamunye isifakiwe. Kusukela umzimba cab wathola SA3 coupler, kanye nezigaba sihehe phakathi TE2 uhlobo elihlangana njalo yayisetshenziswa.

Ubukhulu Electric:

1. Ubude - 32,04 m.
2. Ukuphakama ahlangene coupler ikhanda wesitimela - 1060 mm (plus noma lokususa 20 mm, kuye ngokuthi isimo band).
3. Wheel ubukhulu - 1260 mm.
4. Emincane kakhulu engaba turning ngesivinini 10 km / h - 125 m.

Isifinyezo izibalo flexure entwasahlobo ukumiswa kuyinto 111 mm. 63 babo iwe ohlangothini ikhoyili entwasahlobo ukwesekwa, futhi 48 - phezu kwekhoyili entwasahlobo iziphethu ezinqoleni. Amandla edonsa kusukela ukuthutha ukuze uzimele umzimba wadluliselwa yesifunda zungeza. Oluvala amasondo ibhokisi amaloli ifakwe roller amabombo. I traction noma braking force yanikezwa Uhlaka bogie nge ngezintambo ifakwe iraba-metal amabhlogo.

Ukuze oscillations injongo yokululama nokudludliza zomzimba phakathi Uhlaka bogie futhi ukungqubuzana roller oluvala amasondo amabhokisi eziye zatholakala, futhi phakathi Uhlaka bogie futhi umzimba imoto - dampers wokubacindezela. Ukwakheka VL10 kagesi kusebenza kudivayisi protivorazgruzochnogo ukuvimbela ukudedelwa umusi usesondweni torque engu lokuqala engahlosiwe.

amandla plant

Yamanje kusukela catenary wenziwa ngokusebenzisa susceptor 5M1 T esemgwaqweni ekupheleni ngalinye izingxenye ezimbili. Ngaphakathi Lesigaba sehlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu. Kuyinto inhloko yabangamashumi gumbi. Ngemuva kuba IHC (ikhamera Ephakeme), ibiyelwe bakhishwe ezicijile ndima anezikhala. Lapho oqeda susceptor kuthiwa pneumatically bazivalele isikhundla avaliwe. Ikamelo injini umsila kagesi.

I VVK elise utholakala cishe kuwo wonke usuke namadivayisi zokuzivikela Isigaba: ukubopha switch, reverser, contactors (lwento, rheostat, futhi ngesivinini shunt), udlulisela nezinye wheelslip esitimela.

Izigaba lokuqala nelesibili babe high voltage umehluko phakathi emakamelweni. Ingxenye yokuqala itholakala IHC BV-1 ngesivinini wesifunda full ukuthi ivikela motors traction, kanye inkinobho izigaba izinhlobo zezakhi obuhlukahlukene. Esigabeni sesibili we IHC BV-2 ivikela imishini elisizayo inkinobho kuyahlukahluka ijubane motor-fan. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile kukhona ezinye umehluko ezigabeni. Ngokwesibonelo, emsakazweni kanye ukuqoshwa skorostomer ahlelwe kuphela ingxenye eyodwa VL10.

Electric uku imishini egumbini lenjini ezintathu asizayo. Chief phakathi kwabo - motor-fan. Iyunithi siqukethe ephezulu voltage commutator motor, umlandeli centrifugal (IHC off futhi traction izinjini) kanye ngalendoda generator (edonsa ngqo kumadivayisi okuphakelayo samanje kukhanyisa phezulu wesifunda kagesi 10). Izinjini fan motor e isivinini imodi ongaphakeme axhunyiwe e chungechunge, futhi imodi isivinini - ngokulinganisa.

Ukuqinisekisa umshini ifakwe onomfutho emoyeni motor-compressor. Siqukethe motor efana motor motor-fan ezintathu cylinder compressor CT-6. umoya onomfutho adingekayo: uhlelo ukubopha we esitimela futhi isitimela iyonke, pnevmokontaktorov, le high voltage interlock ekamelweni Wiper futhi likhipha amasignali umsindo. Samandla kagesi phezulu umugqa 10 ixhunywe motor ngqo ngaphandle reducer. Ngakho-ke, injini ayikwazi umoya ngokuzimela. Ukuze ukupholisa umoya enikeziwe kusukela fan-motor.

Amandla excitation Windings traction izinjini ku unyathela amabhuleki okuzivuselela kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa inverter sakhiwa generator ephezulu voltage yenjini futhi ngalendoda. a wamanje generator obuyisilinganiselo 800 amperes. On kushaft exciter ngokufanele linemibhikisho edluliselwe lapho sekuqalile off motor uma ijubane okwandisa. generator excitation lisuselwa ibhethri ngokusebenzisa Resistor. Ukunyakaza kwabantu noma izithunzi isibambo ukubopha isilawuli umshayeli kunganciphisa ukungawi Resistor. Voltage eyenziwe inyuka Converter, kanye traction motor voltage, kanti unyathela amabhuleki amandla.

Ivunyelwe usebenze esitimela kagesi endaweni engamamitha 1200 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Ukuze afeze unyathela amabhuleki okuzivuselela zingenzeki kuzo zonke compounds ezintathu. Umsebenzi ohlelweni quote (uhlelo amayunithi abaningi telemechanical) ize yatholakala ngo-1983, lapho kagesi esitimela sesimanje.

Yokudonsa motors (TED) Model TL-2 nge Axial asekelayo-okwesikhashana amandla 650 kW kwadingeka ngamunye. VL10 motor kagesi kwenziwe nge 6-core kanye 6-th izingongolo ezengeziwe. izakhi okunjalo zalesi sihlahla amandla, njengenhlangano uhlaka injini, sihlobene isihlangu, oluthi armature, iyunithi ibhulashi kanye igiya encane, abangu obumbene nge TED kagesi VL60.

Amandla busebenze ezifanayo isakhiwo kuya kagesi wesifunda VL8, evumela izindlela ezintathu ohlanganisa motors traction:

1. Ngokuvumelana.
2. Uchungechunge ayefana.
3. Parallel.

VL10U

Kusukela ngo-1976, esikhundleni VL10 imodeli eseqala ukuveza inguqulo yayo kwesamba, igama yengezwe Inkomba "u". Ngokufaka underfloor wezimpahla umthwalo kusuka isondo ngazimbili ku komzila liye landa lisuka ku-23 kuya 25 ithani. Ngakho, leli sondo kagesi yazuza traction ngaphezulu ne komzila, okuvumela ukuba imithwalo esindayo. Ngokusho ingxenye mechanical esitimela kagesi, kanye version yayo eziyisisekelo, kwathiwa obumbene nenkambiso VL80 umndeni. Kepha umzimba, imoto-side, kanye nemishini eyisisekelo futhi womoya, base obumbene ne VL10 base okuhlukile. VL10U Electric off the line in inani 979 amakhophi. Esitimela yasungulwa Tbilisi kodwa futhi ngezinye izakhiwo Novocherkassk isitshalo. Kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuthi lo mshumayeli imodeli namanje emi TEVZ uhlelo futhi wenza oda. Eminyakeni emibili amakhanda VL10U engunyaza ngo-2005 ngesicelo sesitimela Azerbaijan.

VL10N

I imodeli umsebenzi ngaphandle kagesi unyathela amabhuleki okuzivuselela, elakhiwa ngqo Norilsk ujantshi zezimboni, njengoba kuboniswa Inkomba "N" egameni. Ezivezwa Tbilisi phakathi kuka-1984 no-1985. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ke bavela elihambayo 10 abahamba izitimela zamalahle. Kuze kube manje kakade babhale off.

VL10P

Ngo-2001, lesi sitshalo Chelyabinsk ekhiqizwa kagesi esitimela sesimanje kwesigaba elilodwa lomkhaya VL10-523 kagesi VL10-1867, ukuguqula wabayisa owodwa esigabeni dvuhkabinnye VL10P amakhanda ngoba ebamba izitimela umgibeli. Kulokhu, imodeli VL10P-523-1 uhlala endlwaneni eyakhiwe okuqala eNhlangano VL10 base esitimela. A VL10P-Model 1867-1 uthola cab olusha elisetshenziswa izinguqulo VL10K. Omunye onobuhle ukuthi elingasekho empini ngo-2012, kanti owesibili - ngemva konyaka.

VL10K

Ngo-2010, Chelyabinsk kagesi esitimela isitshalo esichithwa nokuthuthukela VL10 abahamba izitimela zamalahle. Izinguquko ukhathazekile gumbi kanye wesifunda amandla. Isilawuli umshayeli itsetfwe electronic control traction uhlelo ithuthukiswe ngesisekelo uhlelo telecontrol amayunithi eziningi. Futhi esikhundleni ukushintsha iqembu ukuza contactors ngabanye. Contactors wasebenza phezu kwesimiso uxhumano INGAPHANDLE kwathatha uxhumano traction motors VL10. Electric kwadingeka ithuba ukusebenza 2, 3 no-4 izingxenye, nge ushintsho bashintshashintshe uxhumano traction izinjini. Ngokuphathelene izingxenye mechanical, izimoto ukwesekwa kanye traction izinjini, bona akukashintshi.

Ukubizelwa kagesi esitimela VL10 motrisa

Esikhathini 2010s ekuseni okufanayo Chelyabinsk Plant wachitha nokuthuthukela kwesigaba esisodwa VL10-777 esitimela bambeka elektromotrisu. Igumbi injini imishini adiliza futhi baphume emagcekeni kabusha ukuhlomisa gumbi umgibeli. Izindonga ohlangothini esitimela ukusetha amafasitela ububanzi futhi isicabha washukumiseleka ukuba ezingemuva esitimela. Ngaphakathi kwesigaba phakathi entsha ophahleni isibani okukhanyisa itholakala khona, futhi ohlangothini emaphaseji babemisa amatafula izihlalo ngamunye. Ingxenye yesibili ye esitimela baqhubeka esitimela yayo imisebenzi. Imodeli esetshenziselwa ukuthuthwa South Urals sesitimela Guide. Wakwazi ukusebenza kokubili ngokuzimela kanye imoto trailer. Ngo-2013, ngo-engxenyeni abagibeli ilungelo ngesikhathi ukuthungela tenhlangano, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi kulotshiwe ukuthi uye.

4E10

Ngakho ngabiza combi-kwesigaba dvuhkabinny esitimela ukuthi Tbilisi ifektri wenza izingxenye imodeli imoto-VL10 ngokuba Georgian sesitimela. Sekukonke, phakathi kuka-2000 no-2008, 15 lezi amakhanda ezakhiwa. Kulaba, 14 amamodeli baye benza Georgia, omunye kuyalelwe abaseRussia. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umenzi Positioning njengoba yizimpahla esitimela kagesi 4E10, eGeorgia ke livame ukusetshenziswa ukushayela izitimela umgibeli. Iqiniso lokuthi ukusetshenziswa amakhanda enjalo ukhulula amakhanda esindayo kokuthutha yizimpahla izitimela.

isicelo

Kuze kube manje, VL10 - main DC kagesi esetshenziswa imoto zokuthutha emazweni CIS. Njengezilwane eziningi nezinye amakhanda yizimpahla, ibuye isetshenziselwe ukushayela izitimela umgibeli. Cishe wonke amamodeli VL10 esitimela kagesi ababethi oluhlaza. Nokho, inguqulo umgibeli ngezinye izikhathi repainted ngemibala izitimela uphawu. Photo kagesi VL10 ngokuqinisekile ijwayelekile abaningi, ngoba kuvamile kakhulu nojantshi yasekhaya. By the way, sinye kwesigaba VL10 ngisho wazama ukusebenzisa ingxenye kagesi somhambi traffic.

owalandela

Kusukela ngo-1975 kube zilungisiwe ukukhululwa esitimela VL11, elakhiwa phezu imodeli base VL10 futhi wathola eziningi izici ngcono. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuklanywa imodeli entsha akulona iphutha steel esitimela VL10 futhi yisikhathi yayo kanye nokuntuleka banal kwamandla. Ekuqaleni, abaklami wafuna umane ulungise ezimbili ucezu esitimela emsebenzini ezigabeni ezintathu. Babe wazama ukuhlomisa eziyisisekelo okufushane VL10 powerplant entsha. Nokho, kokubili ongakhetha ayizange iphumelele, futhi Tbilisi isitshalo kagesi setha ukwakha esitimela VL11 entsha, okungase ukusebenza uhlelo amayunithi eziningi. Kusukela ngo-1975 kuya 2015, 1346 amakhanda salolu chungechunge ezakhiwa. Basaqhubeka zingatholakala ku besitimela ezahlukene yangaphambili CIS. Ezinye zazo futhi sisebenze VL11 amakhanda zikagesi nge izitimela umgibeli.

isiphetho

Njengoba incazelo i kagesi esitimela VL10, singaphetha ngokuthi ngokuqinisekileko iphrojekthi ngempumelelo eSoviet esitimela kagesi. Lokhu kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi kube yilolu suku imodeli butholakala nojantshi wendawo. Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-ezinhlanu ukwenziwa nokugcinwa kwezinto zisesimweni amakhanda zikagesi VL10 base athuthukiswe kahle ngakho, ukuthi zingabantu ekujaheni ukubhala off the reserve.